二异氰酸酯改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的研制

本文用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)改性环氧树脂,合成了具有稳定的聚(口恶)唑烷酮环状结构的环氧树脂胶粘剂,用IR表征了树脂的结构,表明其有明显的聚(口恶)唑烷酮吸收峰。对固化剂、固化时间及固化温度进行了选择,利用正交试验方法选出了胶粘剂的最佳配方。实验结果表明:该胶粘剂剪切强度比未改性环氧树脂提高一信,对A1-A1室温粘合达29.0MPa,在110℃下剪切强度达15.5MPa,而且加快了固化速度,耐水性能亦优良,是一种很有发展前途的胶粘剂。     

可低温快速固化双组分环氧树脂胶粘剂的制备

以低黏度改性双酚A型环氧树脂(牌号EP116)、双酚F型环氧树脂(牌号EP162)为主体树脂,通过对双组分EP(环氧树脂)胶粘剂的主体树脂和固化剂进行选择与优化,制备了可低温快速固化的双组分EP胶粘剂。研究结果表明:当A组分的主体树脂中m(EP116)∶m(EP162)=1∶1、混合脂肪胺6610(含苯环)为固化剂和w(增韧剂聚丙二醇)=4%(相对于EP总质量而言)时,胶粘剂具有相对较好的低温(0℃)固化性能,表干时间为30 min,并且可4 h硬化;固化2 d后,胶粘剂固化物的冲击强度为10.084 k J/m2,拉伸强度、拉伸剪切强度和压缩剪切强度分别为25.34、12.60、14.90 MPa。     

双组分高强度环氧胶粘剂的研制

根据车间内钢梁上吊车轨道安装底板与钢梁粘接的具体要求,研制了一种中温固化双组分环氧胶粘剂。探讨了E-51、E-39D和纳米碳酸钙用量对甲组分粘度的影响,测试了不同促进剂的胶粘剂凝胶时间并研究了粘接表面处理、中温固化时间对胶粘剂剪切强度的影响。结果表明,通过选用不同粘度的环氧树脂并添加纳米碳酸钙,控制甲组分粘度在8～20Pa.s,选用促进剂M3份,表面制备并采用偶联剂处理后,100℃下固化2h后,该胶铝-铝、钢-钢剪切强度可达45MPa和51MPa,实现了胶粘体系中温高强度快速固化。室温放置20h后钢-钢剪切强度为5.8MPa,可以安装加热设备以便后固化。     

新型增韧改性环氧胶粘剂

天津城建学院与河北大学合作攻关，以丁腈-40液体橡胶为主料，对E-44双酚A环氧树脂／低分子质量聚酰胺树脂固化体系进行了增韧改性，研制出新型改性环氧树脂胶粘剂，该剂可以在室温下24h固化，室温剪切强度最高可达22．4MPa，     

单组分常温固化EP胶粘剂的研制

以环氧树脂(EP)为基体树脂、有机硅为偶联剂,成功研制出一种常温固化的建筑用EP/有机硅单组分胶粘剂,并对其力学性能、耐老化性能、耐盐雾性能和耐介质性能等进行了测定。结果表明:该胶粘剂固化前呈黏稠状液体,可常温固化,施工性能较好;其拉伸强度超过15MPa,剪切强度超过10MPa,并具有较好的耐介质性能;该胶粘剂避免了传统EP胶粘剂在施工方面的诸多不足之处,具有良好的应用前景。     

一种中温固化高强度环氧胶粘剂的研制

以E-51、E-44为主体树脂,加入奇士增韧剂研制出一种中温固化高强度环氧胶粘剂.该胶粘剂在加入占粘料质量分数30%左右的增韧剂后,选用自制固化剂SL-1,在50 ℃×1 h+80 ℃×1 h条件下固化,其拉伸剪切强度可达42.1 MPa.     

室温固化高剥离耐热环氧树脂胶粘剂

介绍了一种具有高剥离强度和剪切强度的室温固化耐热胶粘剂。室温固化10d后,室温剥离强度可达到7．0kN／m;室温剪切强度为30．8MPa,150℃剪切强度可达14．5MPa。重点讨论了环氧树脂种类、复配合固化剂比例以及促进剂用量对胶粘剂粘接强度和耐热性能的影响。     

室温固化耐高温耐水胶粘剂

天津市合成材料工业研究所以酚醛环氧树脂F-51和环氧树脂CYD-128为复合树脂、自制的羧基丁腈为改性环氧树脂的增韧剂和酚醛胺为固化剂,通过添加陶瓷耐热填充剂等材料,研制出一种室温固化耐高温耐水胶粘剂。在最佳配比条件下,该胶粘剂室温固化1d后的剪切强度为21．4MPa（室温）,150℃剪切强度为6．2MPa,在水中浸泡30d后强度几乎无变化。     

间苯二酚-苯酚-甲醛树脂胶粘剂的胶合工艺研究

制备了RPF树脂胶粘剂,采用固化时间和剪切强度测试、红外光谱、示差量热分析及电镜分析研究了固化剂多聚甲醛的加入量、压板温度、压板压力和压板时间对胶粘剂粘接性能的影响以及胶粘剂的固化行为。结果表明,多聚甲醛加入量对树脂固化时间影响较大,压板温度、压板压力对RPF树脂胶粘剂剪切强度影响较大,压板时间对剪切强度影响甚微。胶粘剂最佳应用条件:多聚甲醛加入量为树脂质量的15%,压板温度80℃、压板时间1 h,压板压力1.5 MPa。RPF树脂胶粘剂在固化过程中主要发生羟甲基转换及生成羰基。RPF树脂在木材中渗透效果好时,胶粘剂的剪切强度高。     

含二氮杂萘酮结构环氧胶粘剂的研制

以低分子质量舍二氮杂萘酮结构环氧树脂与环氧树脂E44配合作为胶粘剂基料，低分子聚酰胺(H-4)为固化剂，试制了一种在常温及中温下都有较好粘接性能的环氧胶粘剂。当配方为m(E44)：m(ER)：m(H-4)=4:4:9时．在180℃下固化3h后，测其常温下的拉伸剪切强度为17．65MPa，80℃下为19．71MPa。并研究了固化工艺对粘接性能的影响。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。