小电容功率变换器-永磁同步电机系统脉动电流控制策略

直流母线电压波动是小电容功率变换器永磁同步电机系统中存在的一个重要问题,尤其是在以单相交流输入的系统中该问题显得更加突出.为了减小母线电容,可以通过减小母线电压波动来实现.本文提出了一种永磁同步电机脉动电流控制方法,该方法实质上是将电机视为电感用来储能,通过控制电机的无功电流分量来控制电机的无功功率分量,使得电机功率跟...     

改善步进电机电流响应速度的抗饱和PI控制

目的为了提高连续式包装机的生产效率,提出一种新型的抗积分饱和PI电流控制器设计方法。方法针对PI控制器积分饱和现象引起的步进电机绕组电流响应过慢问题,根据控制器输入输出状态,确定抗饱和增益值的大小,调整积分作用效果。在控制器输入变化较慢时,充分发挥积分器的作用,减小超调量;在输入变化较快时,使积分器更快地退出饱和,提高系统响应速度。结果实验结果表明,该方法较传统PI控制和反计算固定增益PI控制能更精确地控制绕组电流,有效提高了电流响应速度和减小了超调量。结论该方法使绕组电流更好地跟随参考值变化,改善了电机在不同运行状态下的动态性能。     

预测控制技术在供气压力系统中的节能应用

介绍通过在线数据采集系统采集供气系统压力站的电机电流、放空阀开度、气体流量等数据,将数据作为预测控制器输入信号,同时通过压力变送器采集管网压力数据作为预测控制器调压控制信号,预测控制器通过多目标决策的忧患算法形成PID调节器输入信号,利用PID调节器的输出信号驱动变频器控制电机,改变电机运行效率,驱动气体压缩机运行,保证供气系统管道网络压力动态平衡,同时有效避免空压系统卸载和供气管道放空等操作,达到节能的目的。     

电力滤波器直流母线电压抗扰动的研究

针对传统直流母线电压PI控制时,有源电力滤波器直流母线电压受负载扰动影响较大的问题,本文提出了电压环采用双模控制结构：模糊控制器和PI控制器。直流母线电压在大范围内采用模糊控制,在小偏差范围内转换成PI调节。仿真结果表明：与传统的PI控制相比,双模控制明显的降低负载扰动情况下母线电压的波动性能。     

基于自抗扰控制的直流微电网双向Buck-Boost变换器控制策略研究

为了降低直流微电网母线电压的波动,提出基于自抗扰控制的双向Buck-Boost变换器控制策略。运用直流母线电压外环、直流变换器电感电流内环的控制方法实现直流微电网与储能系统之间的能量双向流动。进一步提出基于扩张状态观测器观测输出总扰动,包括负载电流和母线电压的变化,在负载扰动电流影响系统的直流母线电压最终输出前,主动从外环被控对象的输入信号电感电流或输出信号母线电压中提取扰动信息,然后尽快用控制信号将其消除,从而大大降低其对被控量的影响,以有效抑制暂态直流母线的电压波动和冲击,在母线电压产生波动时能够快速恢复到正常的工作状态。仿真验证表明:储能系统可以通过控制策略实现能量的双向传递,并且当母线产生功率波动和电流冲击时,储能系统可以使直流母线电压稳定,提高了系统的可靠性。     

多开关磁阻电机无轴传动系统同步控制方法

目的解决多开关磁阻电机同步控制中输出功率不平衡的问题,提高印刷业的生产效率和产品质量。方法在传统交叉耦合同步策略的基础上,提出一种基于神经元变结构PID控制的同步控制方法,该控制策略用一个神经元控制器实现变结构PID控制,同时用另一个神经元控制器实时调整变结构PID控制器的参数,从而保证2台开关磁阻电机的输出功率相同。结果通过仿真数据分析,其达到稳态的调节时间和动态响应时间比现有的同步控制小,且抗干扰能力也得到了提高。结论该策略可提高多电机同步控制系统的同步跟随性能和抗干扰性能,增强多电机无轴传动的同步协调控制能力。     

模糊控制在清蜡车控制系统中的应用

通过对模糊控制器和PID调节器原理的分析，将模糊控制和PID控制相结合的PID参数自调整的模糊控制器应用于清蜡车控制系统中。文章阐述了系统总体设计、硬件设计和软件设计。分析了模糊PID调节器比例、积分和微分的调节规则，并应用Simulink对系统进行仿真。控制器用平均温度的偏差和温度偏差变化率作为输入信号，PLC的模拟量输出用来控制燃烧器的喷油量，从而调节清蜡车控制系统的温度。     

基于自适应控制的高压直流双侧频差控制功能研究

双侧频差控制是高压直流输电中的一种常见控制功能,通常该控制采用传统PID控制器,控制器参数主要通过BPA仿真及阶跃响应试验得到。实际系统运行中,经常由于控制器参数设置不合适造成系统振荡期间未起到正确的调制作用。根据自适应控制理论,对传统PID控制进行修正,根据系统频率、输出功率指令自动调节控制器参数,即避免过小增益调节幅度有限,又避免大增益造成的系统自振荡,最后采用天广直流仿真系统对加入自适应控制的控制器进行仿真,达到设计目的。     

一种线性保护输入的恒压LED驱动电源设计

采用对母线电压进行反馈调节的恒压控制方式,设计研究了一种新型高压(260AC)线性保护输入LED驱动电路.利用LD7591GS芯片控制的脉冲宽度调制(PWM)电路和外围光耦电压反馈电路以及LNK564芯片控制的线性隔离变换电路,通过对驱动电路拓扑结构进行研究设计,并对变压器参数进行优化,实现了电压反馈的线性保护输入LED驱动电源设计.实验结果表明,采用外围电压反馈方式电路和线性隔离保护电路调整的LED驱动电源电路具有较好的安全稳定特性和低纹波PWM输出波形,并具有高转化效率,良好的抗电磁干扰性能和稳定的恒压功能.     

一种超声波电源的功率控制系统的研究

本文详细地分析了超声波塑料焊接的功率调节系统控制参量的选择,提出了以换能器机械臂工作电流Im作为控制参量来调节系统输出功率的基本思想,并通过串联网络进行阻抗变换,进而实现输出功率的自动调节。理论和实验表明,以换能器机械臂工作电流Im作为控制参量,通过本文设计的串联网络可实现输出功率的自动调节。     

Vector-optimised harmonic elimination for single-phase pulse-width modulation inverters/converters

A new approach for calculating single-phase inverters/converters-optimised pulse-width modulation (PWM) switching angles for harmonic and voltage control is proposed. This approach takes into account the DC-link voltage ripple, due to the finite DC-link capacitance, in the optimised switching-angles calculation, using its harmonic content. New expressions for the evaluation of the PWM waveform harmonic spectrum are derived. Output voltage quarter-wave symmetry is thus not assumed and the pulse position is no longer fixed, resulting in two simultaneous sets of nonlinear equations in twice as many unknowns as in the case of conventional-optimised PWM strategy with smooth DC input/output voltage. The performance of this latter technique is hence retained while the size of the DC-link capacitor is reduced to a limit depending on the filter capacitance, the number of pulses per half modulation period and the modulation depth. The compensation of the reactive power (exchanged between the AC source/AC load and the DC link due to the rectifying/inverting process and the low-link capacitance) is also included; the converter then plays the additional role of an active power filter. Simulation examples and experimental results are used to validate the proposed method     

Input filter state feed-forward stabilising controller for constant power load systems

An input filter state feed-forward stabilising controller is presented to stabilise a constant power load and is validated using a brushless DC motor drive system. The strategy is to feed-forward a stabilising signal which is a function of the DC-link filter variables, capacitor voltage and the inductor current, into the current control loop of the motor drive to modify the magnitude and phase of the system input admittance around the input filter natural frequency and thereby damp the input filter. The controller design and parameter selection are described. The impact of the stabilising controller is examined on the motor controller performance and finally the effectiveness of the controller is verified by simulation and experimentally.     

Analytical evaluation of DC capacitor RMS current and voltage ripple in neutral-point clamped inverters

The sizing of the DC-link capacitor in a three-level inverter is based on the RMS current flowing through it. This paper analyses the DC-link capacitor RMS current in a neutral-point clamped (NPC) inverter and expresses the same as a function of modulation index, line-side current amplitude and power factor. Analytical closed-form expressions are derived for the capacitor RMS current for single-phase half-bridge, single-phase full-bridge and three-phase three-leg topologies of a three-level inverter. The worst-case capacitor current stress is determined for each topology based on the analytical expressions. Further, analytical expressions are derived for the RMS values of low-frequency and high-frequency capacitor currents. These expressions are then used to estimate voltage ripple across the DC capacitor for sinusoidally modulated three-phase NPC inverter. The analytical expressions for the RMS current and voltage ripple are validated experimentally over a wide range of operating points.     

Analysis and design of a single-phase AC/DC step-down converter for universal input voltage

This work presents a single-phase AC/DC step-down converter, which is composed of two power stages, buck-boost converter and buck converter. The front stage is used for a power-factor-correction (PFC) circuit and is operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) by using the pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique to achieve almost unity power factor and low total harmonic distortion of input current (THD_i). The rear stage is also operated in DCM to achieve voltage step-down and low DC-link voltage. The proposed converter can be applied for universal input voltage (85-265 V) and wide output power range. Also, the steady-state analysis of voltage gain and boundary operating condition are presented. Moreover, the selections of inductors, capacitors and input filter are depicted. Finally, a hardware circuit with simple control logic is implemented to illustrate the theoretical analysis.     

Control of a converter system for an asymmetrical parameter type two-phase induction motor drive operating in motoring and generating modes

The control of a converter system is presented and discussed for an asymmetrical parameter type two-phase induction machine drive that is operating in motoring and generating modes. The proposed system consists of back-to-back voltage source converters. For a machine side, a three-leg voltage source converter provides both unbalanced and balanced two-phase output voltages with a scalar V/F control based on a carrier space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. For a front end, a single-phase AC/DC doubled voltage converter with hysteresis current control is used to keep DC-link voltage constant, thus resulting in a bi-directional power flow operation for the motoring and generating modes. A closed-loop design for the DC-link voltage is fully given and also included is a review of carrier-based SVPWM for two-phase three-leg VSI. The proposed drive system was both simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and implemented on digital microcontrollers. The comparative performance evaluation of the whole system between balanced and unbalanced two-phase voltages for the machine is given. The simulation and experimental results show that the unbalanced phase voltage offers better performance for the whole system.     

Advanced control for PWM converter and variable-speed induction generator

The paper describes a simple control structure for a vector-controlled stand-alone induction generator (IG) used to operate under variable speeds. Deadbeat current control is developed for a voltage source PWM converter and the three-phase variable speed squirrel-cage IG to regulate DC-link and generator voltages with newly designed phase-locked-loop circuit. The required reactive power for the variable-speed IG is supplied by means of the PWM converter and a capacitor bank to build up the voltage of the IG without the need for a battery and to reduce the rating of the PWM converter with the need for only three sensors. This proposed scheme can be used efficiently for variable speed wind or hydro energy conversion systems. The measurements of the IG system at various speeds and loads are given and show that this proposed system is capable of good AC and DC voltages regulation     

Feedforward simple control technique for on-chip all-digital three-phase AC/DC power-MOSFET converter with least components

A novel simple control technique for on-chip all-digital three-phase alternating current to direct current (AC/DC) power-metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET) converter with least components, which is employed to obtain small current and DC output voltage ripples as well as excellent performance, and using a feedforward simple control method for DC output voltage regulation is proposed. The proposed all-digital feedforward controller has the features of low cost, simple control, fast response, independence of load parameters and the switching frequency, it has no need for compensation, and high stability characteristics; moreover, the proposed controller consists of three operation amplifiers and few digital logic gates that are directly applied to the three-phase converter. The power-MOSFETs are also known as power switches, whose control signals are derived from the proposed all-digital feedforward controller. Instead of thyristors or diodes, the application of power-MOSFETs can reduce the loss of AC/DC converter that is proper to the power supply system. The input stage of an AC/DC converter functions as a rectifier and the output stage is a low pass inductor capacitor (LC) filter. The input AC sources may originate from miniature three-phase AC generator or low-power three-phase DC/AC inverter. The maximum output loading current is 0.8 A and the maximum DC output ripple is less than 200 mV. The prototype of the proposed AC/DC converter has been fabricated with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.35 mum 2P4M complementary MOS (CMOS) processes. The total chip area is 2.333 1.960 mm². The proposed AC/DC converter is suitable for the following three power systems with the low power, DC/DC converter, low-dropout linear regulator and switch capacitor. Finally, the theoretical analysis is verified to be correct by simulations and experiments.     

A nine-level hybrid symmetric cascaded multilevel converter for induction motor drive

A nine-level hybrid symmetric cascaded multilevel converter (MLC) fed induction motor drive is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter is capable of producing nine output voltage levels by using the same number of power cells as that of conventional five-level symmetric cascaded H-bridge converter. Each phase in this configuration consists of one five-level transistor-clamped H-Bridge (TCHB) power cell and one three-level H-bridge power cell with equal dc link voltages, and they are connected in cascade. Due to cascade connection and equal dc link voltage, the power shared by each power cell is nearly equal. Near-equal power sharing enables the feature of improving input current quality by using an appropriate phase-shifting multi-winding transformer at the converter input. In this paper, the operation of the converter is explained using staircase and hybrid multi-carrier sine PWM techniques. Further, a detailed analysis for the variations in the dc link capacitor voltages and the dc link mid-point voltage in TCHB power cell is carried out, and the analytical expressions thus obtained are presented. The performance of proposed system is analysed by simulating a 500 hp induction motor drive system in MATLAB/Simulink environment. A laboratory prototype is also developed to validate the claims experimentally.     

Recurrent wavelet neural network controller with improved particle swarm optimisation for induction generator system

A recurrent wavelet neural network (RWNN) controller with improved particle swarm optimisation (IPSO) is proposed to control a three-phase induction generator (IG) system for stand-alone power application. First, the indirect field-oriented mechanism is implemented for the control of the IG. Then, an AC/DC power converter and a DC/AC power inverter are developed to convert the electric power generated by a three-phase IG from variable frequency and variable voltage to constant frequency and constant voltage. Moreover, two online trained RWNNs using backpropagation learning algorithm are introduced as the regulating controllers for both the DC-link voltage of the AC/DC power converter and the AC line voltage of the DC/AC power inverter. Furthermore, an IPSO is adopted to adjust the learning rates to further improve the online learning capability of the RWNN. Finally, some experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed IG system.     

混合储能系统分散自适应强扭曲虚拟阻抗控制

为提高负载冲击条件下混合储能系统(hybridenergystoragesystem,HESS)的稳定能力,考虑模型不确定及上界未知等现实约束,基于自适应高阶滑模控制理论,提出一种分散自适应强扭曲虚拟阻抗控制(decentralized adaptive super-twisting virtual impedance...