超音速激光沉积Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层微观结构及耐磨损性能

目的 研究不同石墨含量对超音速激光沉积Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层的微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨损性能的影响。方法 利用扫描电子显微镜、能量色谱仪、维氏硬度计、激光共聚焦扫描显微系统、X射线衍射仪、摩擦磨损测试对复合涂层的微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨损性能及磨损机制进行分析。结果 随着原始粉末中镀铜石墨质量占比的增加,Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层的沉积效率逐渐降低。基于Al2O3颗粒的原位喷丸效应及激光辐照的加热软化效应,复合涂层具有致密的微观组织,且复合涂层与基体界面结合良好。单一添加Al2O3颗粒可以将Cu涂层的硬度从108.19HV0.2提高至121.82HV0.2。随着石墨含量的增大,涂层的显微硬度逐渐降低,镀铜石墨在原始粉末中的质量分数从5%增至15%,Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层的硬度从116.09HV0.2降至94.17HV0.2。添加石墨能够在复合涂层表面形成固体润滑层,降低复合涂层的摩擦因数,提升涂层的耐磨损性能。CuAlGr10复合涂层具有最优的耐磨损性能,磨损率为0.7×10⁻⁴ mm³/(N.m)。此外,由于激光辐照促进了复合涂层内部颗粒间的界面结合,均匀分散在石墨润滑相中的Al2O3颗粒作为负载支撑和耐磨相,可进一步降低复合涂层的磨损率。结论 Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层优异的耐磨性能是润滑相石墨颗粒和硬质增强相Al2O3颗粒共同作用的结果,石墨的添加能够降低复合涂层的摩擦因数,提升涂层的耐磨损性能,但过量的石墨颗粒会对涂层产生割裂作用,导致增强相Al2O3颗粒脱离涂层,从而加剧涂层的磨损。     

45#钢激光熔覆Ni60/Cu自润滑复合涂层组织演变及摩擦学性能EI北大核心CSCD

为改进45#钢表面硬度低、耐磨性差的缺点,拓宽其在工业生产中应用范围,选择激光熔覆技术在其表面制备Ni60(N1)、Ni60-10%Cu(N2)、Ni60-20%Cu(N3)(wt.%)三种耐磨复合涂层,研究三种涂层的微观组织、显微硬度及摩擦学性能。结果表明:N1涂层主要包括γy~Ni固溶体、Cr_(7)C_(3)硬质相、FeNis金属间化合物,N2、N3涂层额外含有固体润滑相Cu。性能上N1(730.41 HVo,s)、N2(653.04 HV_(0.5))和N3(592.29 HV_(0.5))涂层的显微硬度均高于基体,分别达到基体(299.20HV_(0.5))的2.44、2.18和1.98倍;室温下N3涂层表现出优异的减摩性能,摩擦因数比N1涂层降低8.5%,N2涂层表现出优异的耐磨性能,磨损率为1.74×10^(-5)mm^(3)(N·m),而添加20%Cu后,涂层对硬质相的支撑下降,导致硬质相剥离涂层,进而破坏润滑膜,导致磨损率上升。然而在600 C下,N1涂层的减摩性能最佳,摩擦因数比基体下降50.7%,N2涂层耐磨性最高,磨损.率为5.99×10^(-5)mm^(3)(N·m),低于N3涂层的磨损率9.02×10^(-5)mm^(3)(N·m),这是因为添加固体润滑相Cu对涂层的保护作用不足以抵消涂层硬度下降的负面影响。为固体润滑相Cu改进Ni60复合粉末,进而制备成自润滑复合涂层提供了添加量参考范围。     

等离子喷涂制备WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2自润滑耐磨涂层及其高温摩擦性能

通过大气等离子喷涂方法,使用自制的含有WC-Co、Cu和BaF2/CaF2共晶体的复合喷涂粉末,制备出WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2自润滑耐磨涂层。在200℃、400℃和600℃下进行WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2涂层和WC-Co涂层的高温摩擦试验,用扫描电镜观察涂层磨损表面微观形貌。结果表明:200℃时,由于WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2涂层摩擦产物层中含有的WC硬质颗粒引起磨粒磨损,该涂层摩擦因数和磨损率相对较高。而400℃和600℃时,WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2涂层的摩擦产物层中均无WC颗粒存在,且由于涂层中Cu和BaF2/CaF2等固体润滑剂的作用,生成的摩擦产物层光滑且致密,涂层的摩擦因数和磨损率均较低,在400～600℃下表现出比WC-Co涂层优异的耐磨性能。     

等离子喷涂制备WC-Co-Cu-BaF_2/CaF_2自润滑耐磨涂层及其高温摩擦性能

通过大气等离子喷涂方法,使用自制的含有WC-Co、Cu和BaF2/CaF2共晶体的复合喷涂粉末,制备出WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2自润滑耐磨涂层。在200℃、400℃和600℃下进行WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2涂层和WC-Co涂层的高温摩擦试验,用扫描电镜观察涂层磨损表面微观形貌。结果表明:200℃时,由于WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2涂层摩擦产物层中含有的WC硬质颗粒引起磨粒磨损,该涂层摩擦因数和磨损率相对较高。而400℃和600℃时,WC-Co-Cu-BaF2/CaF2涂层的摩擦产物层中均无WC颗粒存在,且由于涂层中Cu和BaF2/CaF2等固体润滑剂的作用,生成的摩擦产物层光滑且致密,涂层的摩擦因数和磨损率均较低,在400～600℃下表现出比WC-Co涂层优异的耐磨性能。     

基底偏压对电弧离子镀制备AlCrVN涂层微结构及力学性能的影响

目的 研究基底偏压对AlCrVN涂层微结构及力学性能的影响。方法 采用电弧离子镀技术,使用合金靶AlCrV,纯N₂作为引弧介质和氮源,在不同的基底偏压下制备AlCrVN涂层,对AlCrVN涂层的物相结构、微观形貌、硬度、摩擦因数及磨损率进行测试分析,作为对比制备了AlCrN涂层。结果 AlCrVN涂层为柱状晶结构,由面心立方CrN为基础的(CrV)N置换固溶体相和Cr₂N六方相2种晶相组成,随着基底偏压的增大,涂层衍射峰强度及位置变化不明显;涂层表面的大颗粒数量减少,凹坑增多;涂层硬度由50V时的22 GPa增大到150 V时的24.2 GPa,200 V时硬度值减小到22 GPa;摩擦因数由0.42增大到0.71;磨损率由6.4×10^-7 mm³/(N·m)逐渐增大到13.2×10^-7 mm³/(N·m)。结论 基底偏压对AlCrVN涂层性能影响较大,低偏压(50V)时,涂层的摩擦因数、磨损率最低,耐磨性能最好。含V元素的AlCrVN涂层的力学和摩擦学性...     

GO-TiO2对磷酸盐粘结涂层耐磨损性能的影响

目的 提高磷酸盐粘结涂层的耐磨损性能.方法 以3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷为纽带,制备氧化石墨烯-二氧化钛复合材料(GO-TiO2),并作为增强相加入涂层中.通过SEM和FTIR,对GO-TiO2的微观结构和官能团进行表征,采用维氏硬度计对涂层显微硬度进行测量,利用摩擦磨损试验机测试涂层的摩擦学行为,采用白光干涉仪和SEM对涂层磨痕微观结构进行表征.结果 二氧化钛和氧化石墨烯通过化学键连接在一起,且由于二氧化钛的存在,氧化石墨烯表面变得粗糙,从而加强机械啮合作用,提高了涂层其他组分与氧化石墨烯的界面结合力.随着GO-TiO2的加入,涂层的显微硬度增加.未添加GO-TiO2涂层的显微硬度为207.4HV0.3,添加1.0％(质量分数)GO-TiO2时,涂层的显微硬度增加至260.4 HV0.3.涂层的摩擦因数随着GO-TiO2的加入稍微降低,而涂层的耐磨损性能显著增加.未添加GO-TiO2涂层的摩擦因数为0.51左右,磨损率为2.17×10–4 mm3/(N·m),当添加1.0％GO-TiO2时,涂层摩擦因数和磨损率分别降低至0.45和0.51×10–4 mm3/(N·m).结论 涂层磨损主要是由脆性剥落引起的,而且GO-TiO2的添加并未改变涂层磨损机制.GO-TiO2通过抑制裂纹的拓展,提高了涂层的耐磨损性能.     

多弧离子镀AlTiYN涂层的高温氧化性能及高温摩擦学行为

为研究添加0.76%Y元素对AlTiN涂层结构、高温氧化行为及摩擦学性能的影响规律及作用机制,采用多弧离子镀技术于硬质合金(YG3X)表面沉积AlTiN及AlTiYN涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究涂层组织结构;采用纳米压痕仪、划痕仪进行力学性能表征;通过高温氧化试验分析涂层的高温抗氧化性能;利用高温摩擦磨损试验机研究涂层的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明:添加Y元素后,AlTiYN涂层发生晶粒细化、组织结构致密化、硬度及韧性增加、结合强度显著提升。AlTiN涂层经900℃/2 h氧化处理后已完全氧化;而AlTiYN涂层经900℃/2 h氧化处理后未完全氧化,氧化层厚度为1.1μm,表明添加Y元素可以增强AlTiN涂层的高温抗氧化能力。此外,AlTiYN涂层在900℃下其摩擦因数及磨损率均低于AlTiN涂层,表明添加Y元素可有效增强涂层高温耐磨损性能。     

Ti–CNF增强环氧树脂复合涂层的制备及性能研究

目的 提高海水轴向柱塞泵摩擦副的耐磨和耐蚀性能,以钛纳米颗粒（Ti）和碳纳米纤维（CNF）为原料,设计并制备Ti–CNF增强环氧树脂复合涂层。方法 借助红外光谱仪分析纯树脂和Ti–CNF增强环氧树脂复合材料中官能团的变化,通过硬度、附着力、断裂韧度、摩擦磨损和耐酸碱溶液浸渍测试,分别评价不同含量的Ti–CNF增强环氧树脂复合涂层的硬度、附着力、断裂韧度、摩擦学性能和耐腐蚀性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜揭示复合涂层的断裂、磨损和腐蚀机理。结果 Ti–CNF混合填料与树脂基体的结合方式为物理黏合;当添加填料的质量分数为6%时,复合材料的增强效果最佳,硬度、附着力、断裂韧度、摩擦因数和磨损率分别为668HL、5.8 MPa、0.937 MPa·m^1/2、0.354、7.52×10^-13m³/（N·m）,耐酸碱溶液浸渍测试后未观察到明显的锈点。当添加填料的质量分数增加到8%时,复合涂层的性能逐渐下降,耐酸碱溶液浸渍测试后观察到明显的锈点。结论 添加适量的Ti–CNF混合填料能够有效提高环氧树脂的硬度、断裂韧度、摩擦学性能和耐酸碱溶液...     

亚微米WC添加对超音速火焰喷涂WC-Co涂层磨损性能影响

采用超音速火焰喷涂方法(HVOF)在304不锈钢基体表面制备WC和WC-12Co的复合涂层WC-Co,研究亚微米WC的添加对涂层相组成、显微硬度、耐磨性能和表面形貌的影响。利用X射线衍射、压痕法、往复式摩擦磨损实验和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别对涂层的相组成、显微硬度、磨损性能和表面形貌进行分析测试,并分析涂层的磨损过程和机制。结果表明,添加质量分数5%的亚微米WC颗粒显著提高了涂层的显微硬度(16.3%);增强了涂层的耐磨性,磨损率从6.09×10-7 mm3/Nm减小到5.15×10-7 mm3/Nm(减小13.8%);亚微米WC颗粒喷涂后在涂层中保持了WC相,并主要存在于WC-Co扁平粒子界面和孔隙。基于涂层中扁平粒子的结合特性与磨损失效特征,建立强化模型,分析亚微米WC颗粒对涂层扁平粒子界面的强化机制。     

超音速火焰喷涂TiB2-50Ni复合涂层的高温摩擦磨损性能

目的 研究环境温度对Ni质量分数为50%的TiB2-Ni复合涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法 选用“壳核型”Ni包覆TiB2复合粉末,通过超音速火焰喷涂（HVOF）在304不锈钢基材表面制备TiB2-50Ni金属陶瓷复合涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了粉末、涂层与摩擦磨损表面的显微结构和物相组成,并研究了TiB2-50Ni涂层和304不锈钢基材的高温摩擦磨损性能。结果 HVOF制备的复合涂层截面呈现明显的层片结构,涂层厚度、孔隙率、显微硬度、表面平均粗糙度及界面平均结合强度分别约300.8 μm、2.3%、766.1HV、2.3 μm及22.6 MPa。高温环境下,304不锈钢基材摩擦系数波动大,且随环境温度升高,其磨损率急剧增加,而TiB2-50Ni涂层的摩擦系数及磨损率波动较小。当环境温度达600 ℃时,涂层磨损率为(2.73±0.01)×10–5 mm3/(N?m),约为304不锈钢基材磨损率（(11.07±0.01)×10–5 mm3/(N?m)）的1/4。高温环境下,TiB2-50Ni涂层的磨损机理是磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损。结论 HVOF所制备TiB2-50Ni复合涂层受摩擦环境温度影响较小,具有优异的耐高温摩擦磨损性能。     

Mo-Si-B系材料的性能及制备

综述了Mo-Si-B系材料的研究进展。主要就材料在各种环境中的氧化性能、单相和多相材料的力学性能、材料的电学性能和热学性能等方面的研究进展进行了介绍。通过无压烧结方法,在1600℃合成了7种不同原料配比的Mo-Si-B系材料。用X射线衍射仪分析了材料的物相组成,确定了最佳的B与Si的原子比为0．865。但是无压烧结法得到的材料致密度不够,还需要对合成工艺作进一步的研究。     

(0.96Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3~-0.04BaTiO_3)-(0.98K_(0.5)Na_(0.5)NbO_3~-0.02LiTaO_3)无铅压电陶瓷的结构分析与性能研究

研究了(1-x)(0.96Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO_3-0.04BaTiO_3)-x(0.98K_0.5Na_0.5NbO_3-0.02LiTaO_3)(BNTBT-KNNLT)体系在0≤x≤0.07这一组分区域的结构和性能.X射线衍射谱发现,这一系列组分在室温下形成纯钙钛矿型固溶体,没有其他杂相产生.(111)峰的峰位和峰形随组分的变化有规律的变化.随着KNNLT组分的加入,压电及介电等性能有比较明显的改变.压电性能随KNNLT的加入出现最大值.当x=0.02时,压电常数d_(33)=125 pC/N.介电常数在室温下随组分的增加而增加.电滞回线的结果显示,尽管在BNTBT中掺杂了KNNLT,这一系列的压电陶瓷仍然具有较大的矫顽场.当x=0.02时,室温下介电常数和剩余极化强度分别为:ε_r=1455,P_r=32.3 μC/cm~2.实验结果表明适量的KNNLT掺杂进BNTBT中可以改善BNTBT的压电和介电性能.     

Preparation and properties of C/C−ZrB2−SiC composites by high-solid-loading slurry impregnation and polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP)

Ultrahigh-temperature ceramics were added to C/C composites to meet their application requirement in a high-temperature oxidizing environment. C/C−ZrB₂−SiC composites were fabricated by high-solid-loading slurry impregnation with polymer infiltration and pyrolysis. The dispersion and rheological behavior of ZrB₂ slurry and the microstructural, mechanical, and ablation properties of the C/C−ZrB₂−SiC composites were investigated. Results indicated that a well-dispersed and low-viscosity ZrB₂ slurry was obtained using 0.40 wt.% polyethyleneimine as a dispersant at pH 5. Ceramics were uniformly distributed in the short-cut fiber layer and needle-punched area. The flexural strength of the C/C−ZrB₂−SiC composites was 309.30 MPa. The composites exhibited satisfactory ablation resistance under the oxyacetylene flame of 2500 °C, and the mass and linear ablation rates were 0.40 mg/s and 0.91 μm/s, respectively. A continuous and compact ZrO₂ layer, which could effectively reduce the diffusion rate of oxygen and protect the composites from being ablated, was formed.     

Superconductivity and ferromagnetism in Pd doped Y9Co7

The ferromagnetic superconductor Y₉Co₇ was chemically doped to yield the solid solution Y₉Co_7-xPd_x for 0 < x < 0.4. The lattice parameter a does not depend on x, whereas c increases with increasing Pd content up to x = 0.2, the palladium solubility limit. The transition from ferromagnetism (T_C = 4.25 K) to superconductivity (T_sc = 2.4 K) was observed only for the parent Y₉Co₇ compound. For the lowest tested Pd doping level (x = 0.05), ferromagnetism is enhanced strongly (T_C = 9.35 K) and superconductivity is not seen above 1.8 K. The Curie temperature rapidly increases from 4.25 K to about 10 K for a Pd concentration of x = 0.1 and remains almost unchanged for Y₉Co_6.8Pd_0.2.     

Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of the quaternary type-I Si clathrates K8-δGaxAlySi46-x-y

The effects of substituting Ga atoms with Al on the thermoelectric properties of the ternary Si clathrate K₈Ga₈Si₃₈ were assessed over the temperature range of 10–700 K. For this purpose, the series of quaternary Si clathrates K_8-δGa_xAl_ySi_46-x-y (x + y ≈ 8; 0 ≤ y < 8) was synthesized by heating mixtures of K, Ga, Al and Si at temperatures between 1223 and 1353 K. The lattice constant of K_8-δGa_xSi_46-x was found to increase with the Al content, y, and Al substitution also significantly changed the transport properties of the clathrate, even though Al and Ga are isovalent. Electrical resistivity measurements showed that the conduction mechanism changed from variable range hopping conduction to metallic conduction with increasing y. The Seebeck coefficient, S, was negative for all of the samples, indicating that the dominant carriers were electrons, while the absolute value of S decreased with y. All specimens had approximately the same value of thermal conductivity, κ, on the order of 1.4 W/Km at 300 K, except for K_7.7Al_7.5Si_38.8. K_7.5Ga_4.8Al_3.0Si_38.7 exhibited the largest power factor, and therefore the highest thermoelectric dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, with a value of 0.066 at 550 K. This value is approximately six times that of the ternary Si clathrate K_7.4Ga_7.7Si_38.9.     

FeCuNbSiB非晶纳米晶带材软磁性能和压磁性能研究

本文主要研究了Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶带材在不同的热处理工艺和压应力条件下的软磁性能变化情况.结果表明:带材在550℃×1h热处理工艺时将晶化成纳米晶材料,此时带材软磁性能最好;纳米晶带材的|μ|,受压应力影响大,尤其是在小于0.2MPa压应力作用下,软磁性能变化非常敏感,|μ|随压力增加而迅速下降;带材Q值在小于0.2MPa压应力作用下变化非常敏感,Q值随压力增加而迅速下降.当压应力大于0.2MPa时,Q值随压应力变化不明显,压应力不影响带材Q值随频率的变化规律.     

Fe-Co软磁合金磁性能及机械性能的研究

Fe-Co合金是重要的软磁材料,应用广泛.本文综述了化学成分、合金元素、有序度、晶粒尺寸、磁场、杂质和应力对其磁性能和机械性能的影响.并分析了Fe-Co合金的应用前景和发展趋势.     

Sn改性Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料的微观组织和力学性能

采用自制Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Sn钎料钎焊TA2钛合金,研究了不同Sn元素含量改性Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料的熔化特性、微观组织及物相、润湿及熔蚀性、接头拉伸强度。研究表明,Sn含量增加,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Sn钎料固、液相线温度基本升高,但温度差值基本变窄,可更好地抑制钎焊界面脆性化合物形成。Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-5Sn钎料组织由Ti、Zr基体和晶体相构成,Sn倾向与Ti、Zr结合形成Ti₂Sn₃、Ti₆Sn₅、Zr₅Sn₃等低熔点共晶相。Sn≤1.5%时,随Sn含量增加,钎料对TA2钛合金的润湿性逐渐变差;继续增加Sn,钎料润湿性改善,添加5%Sn的钎料对基体润湿最佳。添加5%Sn并降低Cu、Ni总量的改性钎料对TA2钛合金熔蚀减弱。相同钎焊工艺下,添加5%Sn接头的强度和塑性均有提升。钎焊温度升高,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料产生更多强化物相,致接头强度大幅提升,而Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-5Sn钎料产生的含Sn物相强化作用对接头强度提升有限;相...     

Strengthening of transparent spinel/Si3N4 nanocomposites

In response to a need for improving the mechanical properties of optically transparent ceramics, the nanocomposites approach is used to strengthen transparent magnesium-aluminate spinel with Si₃N₄ nanodispersoids. The as-processed nanocomposites are found to be >70% transparent in the critical infrared wavelength range of 3-4.5 μm. Mie scattering combined with absorption by the Si₃N₄ nanodispersoids explains quantitatively the IR transmission behavior of these nanocomposites. The nanocomposites are also found to be transparent in the visible region. Upon heat treatment (1000 °C for 4 h in air), the optical properties of the nanocomposites remain unchanged. However, the heat treatment results in a 29% increase in the average strength, accompanied by almost doubling of the Weibull modulus, and an 85% increase in the indentation toughness. The improvements in mechanical properties after the heat treatment in these nanocomposites are explained qualitatively, based on generally accepted arguments involving surface-oxidation-induced surface compression and flaw-healing. While further work is needed to fully understand and exploit these effects, this first report on transparent nanocomposites could have broad implications for the creation of mechanically robust, transparent ceramics of the future.     

Elastic and optical properties of zinc-blende CrSb and its effective mass

The elastic, optical, and effective mass properties of CrSb in zinc-blende（ZB） phase were investigated.The calculations were carried out using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital according to the density functional theory. The results of elastic calculations by generalized gradient approximation and local density approximation approximations indicate that ZB CrSb is a ductile material and its Debye temperature is rather low. Band structure and density of state calculations introduce the ZB CrSb as a half-metal with spin polarization of100 %. In metal state, 16 th and 17 th bands cut off the Fermi level. Calculations study the effective mass, Fermi velocity,and Fermi surface at 16 th and 17 th bands. In continue,optical quantities such as dielectric function, energy loss function, and optical conductivity were investigated.