Understanding the role of licenses and evolution in open architecture software ecosystems

The role of software ecosystems in the development and evolution of open architecture systems whose components are subject to different licenses has received insufficient consideration. Such systems are composed of components potentially under two or more licenses, open source or proprietary or both, in an architecture in which evolution can occur by evolving existing components, replacing them, or refactoring. The software licenses of the components both facilitate and constrain the system's ecosystem and its evolution, and the licenses’ rights and obligations are crucial in producing an acceptable system. Consequently, software component licenses and the architectural composition of a system help to better define the software ecosystem niche in which a given system lies. Understanding and describing software ecosystem niches for open architecture systems is a key contribution of this work. An example open architecture software system that articulates different niches is employed to this end. We examine how the architecture and software component licenses of a composed system at design time, build time, and run time help determine the system's software ecosystem niche and provide insight and guidance for identifying and selecting potential evolutionary paths of system, architecture, and niches.     

基于网络的智能电机远程监控与诊断系统设计

介绍一个基于网络的智能电机远程监控与诊断系统,简述系统的总体设计及结构、硬件组成,详述PLC控制程序的设计过程和具体实现。整个系统实现对智能电机的远程监控和诊断,适用于各类机电设备组成的设备群,此系统的应用将给工业产品生产的自动化带来创新的桥梁,给应用者带来巨大的经济效益。在实现工业产品的智能化、数字化、网络化、自动化程度方面有着重要的意义。     

Composing enterprise mashup components and services using architecture integration patterns

Enterprise mashups leverage various source of information to compose new situational applications. The architecture of such applications must address integration issues: it needs to deal with heterogeneous local and/or public data sources, and build value-added applications on existing corporate IT systems. In this paper, we leverage enterprise architecture integration patterns to compose reusable mashup components. We present a service oriented architecture that addresses reusability and integration needs for building enterprise mashup applications. Key techniques to customize this architecture are developed for mashups with themed data on location maps. The usage of this architecture is illustrated by a property valuation application derived from a real-world scenario. We demonstrate and discuss how this state-of-the-art architecture design method can be applied to enhance the design and development of emerging enterprise mashups.     

Specifying and verifying requirements of real-time systems

An approach to specification of requirements and verification of design for real-time systems is presented. A system is defined by a conventional mathematical model for a dynamic system where application specific states denote functions of real time. Specifications are formulas in duration calculus, a real-time interval logic, where predicates define durations of states. Requirements define safety and functionality constraints on the system or a component. A top-level design is given by a control law: a predicate that defines an automation controlling the transition between phases of operation. Each phase maintains certain relations among the system states; this is analogous to the control functions known from conventional control theory. The top-level design is decomposed into an architecture for a distributed system with specifications for sensor, actuator, and program components. Programs control the distributed computation through synchronous events. Sensors and actuators relate events with system states. Verification is a deduction showing that a design implies requirements     

基于J2EE的职业学校办公自动化系统设计与开发

办公自动化系统能有效提高学校管理水平。结合某技师学院办公自动化系统需求和J2EE架构平台,对学校办公自动化系统的总体体系结构、功能模块和系统网络结构进行设计,以此为基础对系统数据库进行设计和分析．对系统的具体实现进行说明。     

基于软构件技术的OA系统的设计与实现

实现办公自动化是提高办公质量和效率,促进政务公开的一个重要手段。但是由于企业或单位的办公实际环境和需求千差万别,使得当前很多办公自动化系统存在开发周期过长、重复投资、可适应性和可维护性差等问题,无法真正满足用户需求。详细说明了基于构件的OA系统的正交结构模型,并阐述了基于构件的OA系统的实现方法。基于构件的OA系统具有敏捷性,能够随着办公业务的变化随时调整,以满足不同政府、企业的不同需求。同时它还具有良好的可扩展性、可维护性和可重用性。     

基于J2EE的职业学校办公自动化系统设计与开发

办公自动化系统能有效提高学校管理水平。结合某技师学院办公自动化系统需求和J2EE架构平台,对学校办公自动化系统的总体体系结构、功能模块和系统网络结构进行设计,以此为基础对系统数据库进行设计和分析,对系统的具体实现进行说明。     

A security and authentication layer for SCADA/DCS applications

Mid 2010, a sophisticated malicious computer worm called Stuxnet targeted major ICS systems around the world causing severe damages to Siemens automation products. Stuxnet proved its ability to infect air-gapped-segregated critical computers control system. After this attack, the whole ICS industry security was thrust into spotlight. Automation suppliers have already started to re-think their business approach to cyber security. The OPC foundation have made also significant changes and improvements on its new design OPC-UA to increase security of automation applications but, what is still missing and seems to be not resolved any time soon is having security in depth for industrial automation applications. In this paper, we propose a simple but strong security control solution to be implemented as a logic level security on SCADA and DCS systems. The method presented in this work enforces message integrity to build trusts between DCS system components, but it should not be viewed as the main nor the only protection layer implemented on an industrial automation system. The proposed solution can be viewed as a low-level security procedure to avoid malicious attacks such as Stuxnet.     

基于组织干部人事管理领域的构件库管理系统

近年来,我国各级政府部门对组织干部人事管理系统的需求与日俱增。为了应对大量的系统开发需求,希望通过对组织干部人事管理领域的分析,设计生产出基于组织干部人事管理领域的软件构件,并进行构件的管理与组装,最终快速生成用户期望的组织干部人事管理系统。为了解决当前通用构件库无法适应组织干部人事管理领域需求的问题,设计建立了基于组织干部人事管理领域的构件库管理系统。文中分析了领域工程以及软件构件库的研究方法,根据组织干部人事管理领域的领域特性,建立起一套专有的构件库管理系统。     

Formally verifying human–automation interaction as part of a system model: limitations and tradeoffs

Both the human factors engineering (HFE) and formal methods communities are concerned with improving the design of safety-critical systems. This work discusses a modeling effort that leveraged methods from both fields to perform formal verification of human–automation interaction with a programmable device. This effort utilizes a system architecture composed of independent models of the human mission, human task behavior, human-device interface, device automation, and operational environment. The goals of this architecture were to allow HFE practitioners to perform formal verifications of realistic systems that depend on human–automation interaction in a reasonable amount of time using representative models, intuitive modeling constructs, and decoupled models of system components that could be easily changed to support multiple analyses. This framework was instantiated using a patient controlled analgesia pump in a two phased process where models in each phase were verified using a common set of specifications. The first phase focused on the mission, human-device interface, and device automation; and included a simple, unconstrained human task behavior model. The second phase replaced the unconstrained task model with one representing normative pump programming behavior. Because models produced in the first phase were too large for the model checker to verify, a number of model revisions were undertaken that affected the goals of the effort. While the use of human task behavior models in the second phase helped mitigate model complexity, verification time increased. Additional modeling tools and technological developments are necessary for model checking to become a more usable technique for HFE.     

An architectural pattern for designing component‐based application frameworks

A widely used architecture for the development of software systems is the component‐based application framework. Such frameworks offer two mechanisms. First, they provide component integration and interoperability services which make it possible to extend the framework with various third‐party components. Second, they provide mechanisms to customize the integrated components to the specific needs of applications to be built using the framework. This paper describes an architectural pattern for designing such frameworks so that the appropriate mix of fixed and flexible elements can be integrated into architectures that maximize scalability and extensibility. The pattern is illustrated by frameworks developed for three different application domains: electronic design automation, scientific visualization and numerical simulation, and industrial control systems. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于JBPM的遥感产品在线定制系统

本文将工业生产组织和办公自动化领域的工作流理念引入到遥感在线产品的定制中,提出了一种融合JBPM工作流框架的遥感产品在线定制系统设计方案．本设计方案,具有以下几点创新：为适应遥感产品在线定制系统需求,将传统JBPM的三层框架转化为五层架构;将富客户端Flex技术应用到Web可视化流程定制中,增强了客户端浏览器的兼容性;采用JBPMAPI的二次开发技术,解决了个性化流程定制工具与JBPM引擎之间的流程驱动问题;采用面向SOA体系的整体设计框架,降低了系统中各模块问的耦合性．试验系统表明,本设计方案能有效的满足用户对个性化遥感产品的在线定制需求,并高效的完成用户所需遥感产品的生产．     

基于组件设计模式的高职学院办公自动化系统的研究

办公自动化系统是一种适用于公司、企业、政府、事业单位的通用型Web应用软件,该系统包含了较为复杂业务功能。本文从软件架构设计入手,采用分层架构模式构建系统组件模型,然后对系统的工作流、功能模块进行设计,实现高职院校的办公自动化系统。     

A workflow management system based on intelligent collaborative objects

This paper describes an architecture for workflow management systems based on Workflow Intelligent Business Objects (WIBOs). The design of WIBOs is based on principles of intelligence, autonomy, collaboration and co-operation. Using WIBOs that carry out tasks on users’ behalf, it is possible to build workflow systems that bring further improvements in process automation and dynamic management, and achieve dynamic (re)allocation of resources to Actors. A WIBO prototype architecture has been implemented using Java. A Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI) has been used to enable WIBOs to communicate over an Intranet or Internet.     

应用软件自动化开发的实现研究

基于组装软件技术,提出了一种实现应用软件开发自动化的新方法,给出了可进行自动化开发的应用软件系统架构和自动化开发平台架构.设计实现了集方法和工具于一体的应用软件自动化开发平台,并对业务组件的自动生成和基于业务流程的应用软件系统组装作了进一步研究.该方法是对传统组构件技术和工作流技术的突破,已成功获得应用.     

基于JavaBean的领域构件库的研究与实现*

为提高软件的复用程度,采用了基于领域工程的开发方法,提出了领域信息系统设计体系结构和软件构架.重点讨论了领域信息系统模型结构和领域构件库的设计,初步实现了领域构件库中对构件的标志、验证和分类功能,并在组件模型JavaBeans的支持下,实现了构件库分析过程的UML描述.     

A distributed adaptable software architecture derived from a component model

Today, Information Systems (IS) are often distributed and heterogeneous. Thus, software systems become more and more complex and their evolution is difficult to manage. Our works deal with engineering of heterogeneous distributed systems based on reuse. Such systems need a distributed adaptable software architecture to be implemented. In this paper, we propose a Model Driven Architecture (MDA)-inspired approach for developing adaptable software. First, we briefly present the component paradigm in which we place our works. Then, we position our component model with regards to related works. In our component model, the interface of the component is described by the way of points of interaction. These points are used to manage different types of interactions between components. The components and the interactions make up a new core model. From our core model, we can build an application model represented by a graph of interactions allowing the integration of the reused components. We finish with the implementation of the application model, thanks to the distributed adaptable software architecture. Each part of this paper is illustrated with a concrete case, the European Aero user-friendly SIMulation-based dIstance Learning (ASIMIL) project.     

基于SSH/JBPM的办公自动化系统

以某集团办公自动化系统为背景,采用统一建模语言描述了办公自动化系统的主要业务和需求,分析了系统所采用的多层架构和MVC设计模式的特点.阐述了系统中基于角色的权限访问控制模块和工作流管理模块的设计方法.给出了以Struts2、Spring和Hibernate作为分层框架以及JBPM作为工作流框架时,系统主要模块的开发和实...