银狐皮毛被及皮板组织构造的研究(续)

用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了国产人工饲养银狐的毛被和皮板组织构造 ,测定了毛的长度、细度、密度、毛的鳞片高度和皮板厚度。提供了毛和皮板组织学图片 15幅     

獭兔血筋绒面毛革鞣制和染色工艺(续)

通过对比不同方法的铝鞣和铝 -铬结合鞣 ,证明 746# 铝鞣剂鞣制或其与艾克罗鞣剂结合鞣制 ,或BlancorolAC鞣制 ,都是制作獭兔皮血筋绒面毛革理想的初鞣方法。在分析染毛被和染皮板原理的基础上 ,设计了实现毛板异色的染色方法 ,通过试验 ,优选出先染毛被后染皮板或先染皮板后染毛被共 4套工艺。     

獭兔血筋绒面毛革鞣制和染色工艺

通过对比不同方法的铝鞣和铝 -铬结合鞣 ,证明 746# 铝鞣剂鞣制或其与艾克罗鞣剂结合鞣制 ,或BlancorolAC鞣制 ,都是制作獭兔皮血筋绒面毛革理想的初鞣方法。在分析染毛被和染皮板原理的基础上 ,设计了实现毛板异色的染色方法 ,通过试验 ,优选出先染毛被后染皮板或先染皮板后染毛被共 4套工艺     

鹅毛皮的部位差探讨与利用

鹅毛皮部位不同,皮板、毛被的特点与质量不同,毛被与皮板的结合牢度相差较大。因此,不同部位有不同的用途。     

家兔皮组织结构的研究

本文利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究了成都家兔皮、广汉家兔皮毛被及其皮板的组织结构；基本上探讨了毛及皮板的组织结构及其特点。     

几种有机鞣剂用于獭兔皮的鞣制研究

将白鞣剂DC,ACTAN FCW,戊二醛和甲醛应用于鞣制獭兔毛皮,通过对这四种有机鞣剂鞣制后的獭兔皮板及毛被性能,如皮板的收缩温度、耐水洗性、柔软度和强度,毛被白度,毛的纤维强度以及毛鳞片的微观结构,皮胶原的纤维分散程度进行对比分析,评价了这几种有机鞣剂的鞣制效果.     

温州皮革厂机械设备水场涂饰反差大

由于毛皮的皮板和毛被的构成具有其特殊性，所以保存时应区别于其它服装，总的来讲，保存裘皮服装要求通风，干燥，这是因为裘皮的皮板和毛被是以蛋白质为主要成份的纤维，在潮湿状态下，皮板易霉变腐烂，毛被易被虫蚀，在入箱保存前，首先应除净裘皮服装上的油污和灰尘，因为灰尘中带有大量的霉菌，长期依附于裘皮服装，易引起裘皮蛋白质变性破坏。     

裘皮印花工艺技术

裘皮印花包括制板、印花和后处理三部分。裘皮印花分为毛被印花和皮板印花两种。毛被印花通常有羊剪绒皮、家兔皮、獭兔皮、黄狼皮、水貂皮及其褥子印花。皮板印花一般指毛革两用皮印花。裘皮通过印花 ,不仅能增加花色品种 ,而且可以提高产品的档次。     

貉子毛皮和浣熊毛皮的鉴别

分别用纤维细度仪和扫描电子显微镜观察毛纤维的髓腔和鳞片特征,发现2种动物毛皮的毛纤维特征非常相似,通过毛纤维的结构特征难以将2种动物毛皮区别开来;通过三维视频显微镜观察到2种动物毛皮的皮板特征差异明显:貉子毛皮皮板的粒面毛孔每4～6个毛孔成簇分布,整个粒面的毛孔规律地分布成排,浣熊毛皮皮板的毛孔单个存在,像满天星似的分布。2种毛皮皮板的特征差异明显,可以作为鉴别2种动物毛皮的一种手段。     

皮革的静电植绒

<正>家畜和野生动物胴体是由皮板和毛被两部分组成的,通常叫做生皮。生皮是一种很复杂的生物组织,是动物在生活时期起保护机体、调节体温、排泄分泌物和感觉的作用。而皮革的性质、用途、制造方法的拟定等都与生皮的组织构造有着直接的关系,对于制革原料皮张来说,皮板是利用的对象,而毛被和表皮在加工中都要完全除掉,所以皮板的质量好坏与制革价值的关系极大。     

Evaluation of an in vitro percutaneous permeation model with two oxidative hair dyes

The percutaneous permeation of two oxidative hair dyes was measured by means of pig skin in a flow-through diffusion cell system entirely constructed from Teflon. Pig skin membranes were prepared by reducing full thickness skin with a dermatome to a more in vivo -like barrier layer and their integrity was checked by measuring the steady-state permeation of tritiated water. Initially, the inter- and intraindividual variability of percutaneous permeation was determined with an aqueous solution of 1-(2'-hydroxyethyl)-amino-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene-hydrochloride, an oxidative hair dye component. In the same way the proper flow rate of elution fluid through the receptor cell was found to be most favourable at 10 ml h^-1, the thickness of permeation membranes was fixed at 1 mm, and it was shown that storage of the skin at −20°C for up to 35 days did not change the permeability. The percutaneous permeation of the same hair dye component and of 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol-hydrochloride was determined after application to pig skin membranes under practical conditions of hair dyeing. The in vitro skin permeation was in the same order of magnitude as results from comparable in vivo skin absorption studies in rats.
Perméation percutanée in vitro de colorants d'oxydation pour cheveux     

发用类、肤用清洁类化妆品的急性皮肤和眼刺激损害特点

分析发用类、肤用清洁类化妆品的急性皮肤刺激和急性眼刺激损害特点,了解其卫生安全状况。于2012年采用《化妆品卫生规范》(2007年版)中的急性皮肤刺激性实验和急性眼刺激性实验对发用类、肤用清洁类共计158种化妆品样品进行测试。两类受试化妆品显示出不同程度的急性皮肤刺激性和急性眼刺激性损害效应。发用类化妆品在实验中基本无皮肤刺激性损伤;肤用清洁类化妆品在实验中有少量的皮肤刺激性损伤,但大都为轻刺激性(31.0%),只有个别(3.8%)出现了皮肤红斑水肿的中刺激性损伤。发用类、肤用清洁类化妆品在急性眼刺激性实验中检出一定比例具有微刺激性及以上刺激性的样品,但引起的眼损伤都能够在观察期限内恢复。本次调查的所有化妆品中,洁面类、洗发类化妆品普遍具有急性眼刺激性和急性皮肤刺激性损害,需加强对化妆品的监督管理,进一步提升化妆品卫生安全水平,保障化妆品使用安全。     

A review of ageing and an examination of clinical methods in the assessment of ageing skin. Part 2: Clinical perspectives and clinical methods in the evaluation of ageing skin

With the advancement of skin research, today's consumer has increased access to technological information about ageing skin and hair care products. As a result, there is a rapidly increasing demand for proof of efficacy of these products. Recognizing these demands has led to the development and validation of many clinical methods to measure and quantify ageing skin and the effects of anti-ageing treatments. Many of the current testing methods used to research and evaluate anti-ageing product claim to employ sophisticated instruments alongside more traditional clinical methods. Intelligent use of combined clinical methods has enabled the development of technologically advanced consumer products providing enhanced efficacy and performance. Of non-invasive methods for the assessment and quantification of ageing skin, there is a plethora of tools available to the clinical researcher as defined by key clinically observed ageing parameters: skin roughness and surface texture; fine lines and wrinkles; skin pigmentation; skin colour; firmness and elasticity; hair loss; and proliferative lesions. Furthermore, many clinical procedures for the evaluation of ageing skin treatments are combined with invasive procedures, which enable added-value to claims (such as identification and alteration of biochemical markers), particularly in those cases where perception of product effect needs additional support. As discussed herein, clinical methods used in the assessment of skin ageing are many and require a disciplined approach to their use in such investigations.     

四川黄羊皮组织结构的研究

对四川地区黄羊皮组织结构进行了研究，研究结果表明：黄羊皮粒面细致，乳头层和网状层的厚度比例适当，部位差小，抗张强度较高，是类似四川铜羊的优质原料皮。黄羊皮的部位差主要表现在颈、腹之间的厚度差别上，颈部厚，腹部薄。脂腺较发达，腺体有些呈环状包围毛表，但真皮层中几乎没有游离脂肪细胞存在。黄羊皮汗腺较发达，分泌部粗大的弯管与毛囊底部处于同一水平面上，削弱了乳网两层的联系，同时又有许多平卧状的毛根，这是黄羊皮易松面的组织学原因。针对黄羊皮的组织结构特点，提出了在制革生产中需相应采取的技术措施。     

Iron: a cosmetic constituent but an essential nutrient for healthy skin

Iron compounds have an established role as colorants in many cosmetic products applied to the skin, hair and nails. Evidence is reviewed showing that in addition to its importance as an essential nutrient necessary for oxygen metabolism and mitrochondrial function, iron exhibits a fundamental importance as a trace metal in the normal growth and functional maturation of the skin and in the health of hair and nails. The implications of iron from cosmetic sources in the nutrition of human skin is discussed.     

猫皮两用革的开发及前景

具体介绍了对具有毛被灵活、松散、细致及皮板细腻、紧实等绵羊皮两用革所不具有的特点的猫皮两用革的开发,认为猫皮两用革具有很好的市场前景.     

浅谈鸵鸟皮的种类、结构、保管及鞣制工艺

鸵鸟饲养成本低,其皮具有独特的天然毛孔,是可开发的新皮源种.系统地论述了如何将鸵鸟原皮加工成成品所涉及到的各种问题,并根据实践经验,提出了具体的解决方法.     

Modulation of sebum excretion from the follicular reservoir by a dichlorophenyl-imidazoldioxolan

The dichlorophenyl-imidazoldioxolan elubiol is used for skin and hair care in subjects with oily skin or dandruff. A study was conducted in 14 men to evaluate by non-invasive methods the effect of long-term use of elubiol on the sebum output at the skin surface. Measures were made using the Sebumeter SM810 and Sebutapes. Data show a progressive decrease in skin oiliness at the forehead site treated by elubiol compared to the contralateral control site. The function of the follicular reservoir appears to be affected without significant primary change in the sebaceous gland activity.     

鸵鸟皮及成革组织结构的研究

对鸵鸟皮及成革的组织结构进行了研究。研究结果表明 :鸵鸟皮正身部分粒面乳突高大 ,且有较浅不一的皱纹 ,故鸵鸟皮的粒面较粗糙 ,具有特殊的花纹。鸵鸟皮的部位差很大 ,颈部很薄 ,外观如同鸡皮颈部 ;正身部位很厚 ,在背部和臀部因长有羽毛 ,粒面有毛孔突起 ,而腹部较臀、背部薄 ,无羽毛 ,故无毛孔突起 ;鸵鸟脚部的皮 ,花纹类似鸡脚皮 ,其表皮较厚 ,皮内毛细血管发达 ,制革时应加重处理 ,注意除去表皮层、分散血管壁纤维。由于鸵鸟皮部位差很大 ,制革时通常分割成正身、颈部、脚部 ,分别制革。