双目光电综合侦察平台设计及信息处理

为检测定位高危特殊环境下的目标,设计一种双目光电综合侦察平台。平台主要集成非平行式双目红外热像仪、激光测距、云台等装备,整体结构呈U型。平台设计的两个热像仪性能一致且光轴交叉,根据最小二乘法可计算出目标的运动轨迹,同时根据目标速度选择激光测距或双目红外热像仪测距方式,以获取目标的准确距离,完成目标的最终定位。该平台可代替侦察人员检测高危区域。     

在线式红外热像仪校准装置及其测量不确定度

介绍了一种便于现场校准在线式红外热像仪的标准装置,比较了在现场校准时黑体辐射面源相对于腔式黑体辐射源的优势,并分析了校准在线式红外热像仪示值误差的不确定度。     

红外热像仪的原理及其在电气设备检测中的应用

红外热像仪是利用现代高科技手段,对运行的电气设备进行无接触检测的一种仪器设备,详细介绍红外热像仪的工作原理、系统组成、分类、性能参数及其在电气设备检测中的应用.     

超声红外热像技术中的微裂纹发热数值计算

1引言 近年来,超声红外热像技术作为一种新型无损检测技术[1],引起很大重视,其原理为超声波通过耦合剂输入被检测试件,超声波与缺陷相互作用,声能转化为热能,使缺陷区局部产生附加的温度升高,通过红外热像仪显示缺陷的位置和大小.针对超声引起缺陷区的局部发热机制,目前已提出一些定性解释[1-3].然而,由于求解析解的困难性,到目前为止,局部发热机制仍未得到定量的计算和解释.     

开启无限红外应用——福禄克重磅发布专家级红外热像仪

<正>福禄克测试仪器(上海)有限公司日前宣布,福禄克红外热像事业部推出有史以来最高分辨率的红外热像仪:大师之选专家级热像仪——Ti X1000、Ti X660和Ti X640,其高达2048*1536的实测红外像素使其成为业内无可匹敌的高清热像仪。同步发布的臻享系列——Ti X560和Ti X520拥有高达640*480的实测红外像素,铰接式镜头配合超大触摸屏成就卓越图像和灵动触控。此次全新发布的两大系列热像仪均采用最先进对焦技术,图像细致清晰,可轻松捕捉小温差、超远距离、微米级小目标、高速温度变化的目标,开启无限红外应用。     

吊舱整流罩自身红外辐射对目标测试的影响

结合某吊舱加装红外热像仪的使用,基于红外热像仪测试目标辐射亮度、辐射强度的功能,提出了在目标红外辐射特性测试中扣除整流罩影响的方法 ,并在实验室利用黑体、整流罩、长波红外热像仪,测试了整流罩的波段透过率,给出了某吊舱扣除整流罩影响的修正公式,并在型号测试中应用,取得了良好的效果。     

福禄克红外镜头将极端目标温度变化尽收眼底——全新推出25微米微距镜头和4倍长焦预校准镜头

<正>福禄克最新发布了2款红外热像仪的镜头可以将极端目标尽收眼底。25微米微距镜头可以识别在印刷电路板等上的超微目标,甚至是肉眼难以看见的缺陷。新的4倍长焦镜头让用户能够看到放大4倍的远处目标,从而能够轻松检测电线或高火炬塔等目标。两种新镜头扩展了福禄克针对320×240及以下分辨率的红外热像仪镜头选择。     

使用红外热像仪应注意的问题

热像仪作为一种红外成像仪器,以其非接触、快速、可对运动目标和微小目标测温等优势在军事和民用方面得到了广泛的应用。本文就红外热像仪的使用及在使用中需要注意的问题进行阐述。     

福禄克Tix660红外热像仪可对微米级别的目标进行检测

正微米级小芯片的检测一直是研发领域检测的难点,常见的热像仪可有效检测的最小目标通常为0.2mm以上,对于微米级别的芯片晶格和元器件来说,需要在像素和光学系统上均达到一定性能要求才可以准确检测。福禄克高端红外热像仪配套专用的微距镜头,可对最小32μm的目标进行有效检测。     

基于红外热成像技术的复合式温场测温方法

针对测量目标发射率和吸收率估计不准确将造成红外热像仪测量温场误差较大的问题,提出了用热电偶作为标准建立红外热像仪修正模型的方法.建立热电偶所在位置的修正模型后,用其修正热像仪在其它位置的测量结果,从而提高了热像仪测量温场的准确度.30～200℃的实验证明其修正值具有较好的重复性和复现性.     

基于NETD的红外热像仪图像预处理方法研究

噪声等效温差(NETD)是红外热像仪的重要参数,它能够体现红外探测器的噪声特性。在剔除无效像元的基础上,利用线性滤波、非线性滤波、直方图均衡化和多尺度图像增强等算法对热像仪原始数据进行图像预处理;用实验者对画质和图像细节的直接观察作为定性判据,噪声等效温差作为定量判据,综合评价图像预处理算法的优劣。通过实验发现,线性滤波后进行多尺度图像增强的方式能够使图像细节更清晰,同时噪声等效温差减小约25.9%,是目前较为适合的实验用热像仪的图像预处理方式。     

面向非稳态传热的热像仪相对测温性能评估

提出了一种热像仪相对测温的性能评价方法。将薄片热电偶的热节点固定在温度场均匀的加热单元表面,作为标准辐射温度发生单元,被待评价的热像仪观测和测温,对比热像仪观测的热电偶热节点表面温度场数据和热电偶自身测得的温度数据的相似度,对热像仪相对测温性能进行评价。基于国内外4个品牌的7款不同规格热像仪进行测试,结果表明热像仪的相对测温误差和绝对测温误差相差较大,相对测温误差通常介于噪声等效温差和绝对测温误差之间,同时发现6号热像仪性能较差,温漂严重,通过装置中的A、B两靶标同时测试热像仪性能,评价结果的标准差均在8%以内,这表明该方法具有较高的可靠性,对热像仪相对测温性能评价研究有一定的参考意义。     

Thermal Image Degradation Through a Heated Sapphire Window

Optical windows are indispensable for monitoring industrial processes under vacuum or high pressure by using thermal imagers and radiation thermometers. When a thermal imager observes a sample through an infrared window at elevated temperatures, the window emits additional thermal radiation and increases the background signal of the thermal images, which results in image degradation. Standard four-bar images with various radiance temperature differences were measured using a thermal imager with a spectral band from 3 ??m to 5 ??m through a UV-grade sapphire window. The four-bar images are given by a blackbody collimator with various image patterns. The window was indirectly heated in a furnace and then rapidly placed on the optical path between the collimator and the thermal imager. The four-bar image degradation was measured as a function of the window temperature and the radiance temperature difference of the four-bar pattern. A simple equation which describes the contrast of the four-bar image by using the transmittance and reflectance of the sapphire window was proposed. It was confirmed that the model can properly predict the window temperature when the appearance of the four-bar pattern cannot be determined.     

Effects of Environmental Conditions on the Performance of Thermal Imagers

An experimental setup for characterization of thermal imagers has been designed and constructed. The setup comprises a climatic chamber and a temperature-controlled flat blackbody target that allow testing of thermal imagers in the ambient temperature range from ?13 °C to + 23  °C and at target temperatures from ?15 °C to + 120 °C. The setup has been tested with a high quality thermal imager for scientific use and a mid-range thermal imager for industrial applications. The test results indicate that the setup allows monitoring the changes in indication of thermal imagers within the standard uncertainty limits of 0.5 °C.     

Cooperative Tracking Using Multiple PTZ Thermal Imagers

A cooperative object tracking framework is proposed which shifts the priority of tracking by pose estimation based on registration between fields of view (FOVs) of different pan?Ctilt?Czoom (PTZ) thermal imagers, avoiding transferring the local features from one imager to another. When an object is selected for tracking, the related PTZ thermal imager tracks it using an improved particle filtering method, and estimates the pose of the imager simultaneously. Once the object enters an overlapping FOV of two imagers, the handoff thermal imager is activated immediately according to the spatial relationship built by pose estimation, and turns to tacking and pose estimation status. Meanwhile, the previous camera returns to waiting status for reactivation. Experiments are conducted to show the proposed framework is applicable to cooperative object tracking for PTZ thermal infrared imagers.     

《微波成像仪低速动平衡》

探测气象分析卫星云图的星载微波成像仪,其机械扫描成像机构大孔径偏置抛物面天线具有非对称和转速低的特点。如果振动过大,将直接影响到卫星的姿态控制。分析表明动不平衡是造成天线振动的主要原因。对成像仪进行了现场整机动平衡,减小了成像仪的振动。     

Target-acquisition performance in undersampled infrared imagers: static imagery to motion video

In this research we show that the target-acquisition performance of an undersampled imager improves with sensor or target motion. We provide an experiment designed to evaluate the improvement in observer performance as a function of target motion rate in the video. We created the target motion by mounting a thermal imager on a precision two-axis gimbal and varying the sensor motion rate from 0.25 to 1 instantaneous field of view per frame. A midwave thermal imager was used to permit short integration times and remove the effects of motion blur. It is shown that the human visual system performs a superresolution reconstruction that mitigates some aliasing and provides a higher (than static imagery) effective resolution. This process appears to be relatively independent of motion velocity. The results suggest that the benefits of superresolution reconstruction techniques as applied to imaging systems with motion may be limited.     

地下水渗流对岩土热响应试验结果的影响

通过原位试验验证建立考虑地下水渗流及岩土分层的岩土热响应试验数值计算模型;针对不同渗流速度进行热响应试验的仿真,得到岩土综合导热系数等热物性参数随渗流速度的变化规律,为土壤源热泵系统的科学设计和运行提供参考依据。     

电纺十二酸十二酯@聚乙烯醇蓄热调温纤维的制备及性能

以十二酸十二酯作为相变材料(PCM),以聚乙烯醇(PVA)作为支撑材料,通过乳液静电纺丝技术制备十二酸十二酯@PVA蓄热调温纤维。应用SEM、TEM、DSC、TGA、迷你温度记录仪和红外热成像仪等研究了纺丝液组成及静电纺纤维的表面形貌、潜热值、热稳定性、调温性能、力学性能和水溶性。结果表明,当PVA浓度为10.0wt%、十二酸十二酯∶PVA质量比为50%时,纺丝液具有较好的稳定性和可纺性。十二酸十二酯@PVA静电纺纤维具有明显的芯-鞘结构,纤维中PCM的热分解温度比纯PCM提高了20℃,具有良好的热稳定性。十二酸十二酯@PVA静电纺纤维的潜热值在63 J/g左右,在降温冷却和热红外成像测试中,显示出良好的蓄热调温性能。经戊二醛交联后,静电纺纤维中支撑材料的热稳定性显著增强,而且,纤维的力学性能和水溶解性得到明显改善。