基于超链接和内容相关度的综合爬行策略

介绍了网页分析算法HITS算法,并对HITS算法进行改进,提出了一种基于超链接和内容相关度的网页排序算法VHITS算法.VHITS算法引入向量空间模型计算网页内容的主题相关度,并用来评价超链接的重要性,从而避免了HITS算法所产生的主题漂移现象,有效的引导主题挖掘.     

基于超链接和标记文本的信息检索算法

在HITS超链接主题查找算法的基础上提出了一种检索改进算法，该算法首先通过网页之间的链接关系计算出每一网页的出度值和入度值，并将查询条件与超链接上的标记文本或网页全文内容进行相似度匹配。得出每一网页的权值，综合权值与出度或入度值，将检索结果进行排序输出。实验结果表明，与HITS、TF*IDF算法相比，该信息检索方法在相同查全率的条件下具有更好的查准率。     

超链接导向搜索算法中主题漂移的研究

超链接导向搜索（HITS）算法是比较经典的基于超链接的算法,但它忽视了链接页面的文本信息内容,没有区分链接的重要性,从而导致算法不可避免地发生主题漂移现象。为了解决这一问题,在原HITS算法的基础上,引入了经典的tf-idf算法,通过计算链接页面与查询主题的相关度来区分链接的重要性,以解决主题漂移的问题。改进算法使搜索引擎的排序结果更符合查询条件,相应的查确率也有很大提高。     

基于扩散理论的HITS算法在Web挖掘中的研究与优化*

传统的HITS算法单纯地对网页的链接结构进行分析,忽视了页面内容分析和网页的链接增幅,导致了主题偏离和搜索精度不高的问题。针对上述问题进行研究与分析,将超链接信息检索方法与页面内容相结合,根据优先情节和增长定律,提出了一种改进的基于扩散理论的HITS算法。实验结果表明,与传统的HITS和SALSA算法相比,该HITS算法能够有效地限制主题偏离,提高搜索精度,具有较高的实用价值。     

Web页面主题相关性排序算法的研究

分析了Web页面主题的分布的特点,对经典的页面排序算法进行了探讨,提出了一种基于内容和超链接分析并结合用户点击行为的相关性排序算法。该算法考虑了超文本标记、锚文本、文本内容等对相关性的影响,引入动态比较矩阵来计算相应的权重系数,能够客观分析网页所包含的主题信息,使检索结果排序更合理。实验表明,该算法能有效提高查准率,较好地解决了主题的漂移现象,且具有较好的性能。     

基于链接分析的相关排序方法的研究和改进

搜索引擎的相关结果排序技术是信息检索技术发展中的关键问题,也是将来研究的热点问题之一.在分析传统的相关排序方法基础上,介绍了PageRank算法和HITS算法的核心技术,指出了PageRank算法忽视专业站点、对网页中的超链接评估不当之处,根据面向主题的思想,在重新计算链接对网页的影响的基础上,提出了一种新的关于链接技术的排序方法,并通过实验对该算法的性能进行分析评价.     

基于超链接和内容相关度的检索算法

在网络环境下,经典的链接分析方法（HITS算法）过多的关注网页的权威性,忽视了其主题相关度,易产生主题漂移现象。文本在简要介绍HITS算法的基础上,分析了其产生主题漂移的原因,并结合内容相关度评价方法,提出了一种新的搜索算法——WHITS算法。实验表明,该算法挖掘了超链接间的潜在语义关系,能有效的引导主题挖掘。     

一种基于相似度值的向量空间投影HITS算法

利用传统的搜索引擎寻找信息,返回的页面结果集查准率低且信息冗余,基于Web结构挖掘技术的HITS算法可以提高页面搜索的有效性.在深入分析HITS算法及其相关改进算法的基础上,提出一种基于相似度值的向量空间投影HITS算法.该算法在超链接结构分析的基础上结合页面文本内容,能较好地消除HITS算法存在的主题偏移现象,且不增加顿外的系统开销.     

基于改进谱聚类方法的搜索引擎排序算法

搜索引擎的性能优劣主要由排序结果决定。针对网页文本特性改进了谱聚类方法,提出了一种融合网页内容和链接质量的排序算法。利用改进的谱聚类方法对网页内容进行分类,并与评价链接质量的PageRank值进行加权融合,计算得到排序结果。实验结果表明,相对于传统的PageRank,HITS,TF-IDF等排序算法,所提算法返回的排序结果具有更高的相关性。     

一种基于页面关联度的HITS改进算法

HITS(Hyperlink-Induced Topic Search)算法是一种基于超链接结构的搜索结果排序算法。文章针对传统HITS算法存在的主题漂移问题提出了一种基于页面关联度的改进算法。通过引入搜索页面间关于查询主题的关联来为每个链接赋予不同的权重,进而改变邻接矩阵的项值。改进的HITS算法有效地抑制了主题漂移问题,并用实例得以验证。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.