蓄热调温聚丙烯腈纤维的染色热力学

采用阳离子红5GN染料研究新型蓄热调温聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维染色热力学,绘制吸附等温线,计算了分配系数、染色饱和值、染色亲和力及染色焓,并与普通PAN纤维进行对比。在相同的恒温染色条件下,阳离子红5GN在蓄热调温PAN纤维上的吸附等温线类型与普通PAN纤维相同,属于Langmuir类型;分配系数、染色饱和值和亲和力随染色温度的升高而增大;温度较低时,蓄热调温PAN纤维的分配系数、染色饱和值和染色亲和力显著高于普通PAN纤维,随温度的升高,差距减小。     

蓄热调温纤维的纺制及其性能研究

以正十九烷和正二十烷以及正十八烷微胶囊为原料，采用熔融复合和溶液纺丝工艺制备相变材料(微胶囊)质量分数20％以上的蓄热调温纤维，观察其可纺性，测试纤维的结构并研究纺丝工艺对其相变性能、热效率、物理力学性能和耐热性能的影响．结果表明，采用相变材料微胶囊和聚丙烯腈一偏氯乙烯共聚物混合后进行溶液纺丝制成的腈氯纶纤维具有较好的可纺性，热效率和热稳定性最高，但物理力学性能较差．     

蓄热调温纤维的熔纺制备及其性能研究

将自制的以正十八烷为囊芯、三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂为囊壁的相变材料微胶囊(PCMMcs),与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)切片混合,采用熔融纺丝工艺制备了蓄热调温纤维.用扫描电镜、热分析等方法研究了纤维的结构、蓄热调温性能和物理力学性能.实验结果表明:PCMMcs质量分数为10%的纤维试样,经差示扫描量热法测试,其在29.3℃时有16.1 J/g的熔融相变焓,表明本法制备的PCMMcs与PBS能够进行共混熔融纺丝,制成的纤维具有较好的蓄热调温功能.     

PP／PEG蓄热调温复合纤维的纺丝与性能

以聚丙烯（ＰＰ）和分子量为１０００￣２万的聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）及增稠剂为主要原料，采用熔融复合纺丝的方法研制出了蓄热调温纤维。该纤维加工成４９０ｇ／ｍ＾２的非织造布，在３５．５ ℃左右时其内部温度较纯丙纶非织造布纸３．３℃，在２６．９℃左右其内部温度较纯丙纶非织造布高６．１℃。     

PP/PEG蓄热调温复合纤维的纺丝与性能

以聚丙烯（ＰＰ）和分子量为１０００～２万的聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）及增稠剂为主要原料,采用熔融复合纺丝的方法研制出了蓄热调温纤维．该纤维加工成４９０ｇ／ｍ２的非织造布,在３５．５℃左右时其内部温度较纯丙纶非织造布低３．３℃,在２６．９℃左右其内部温度较纯丙纶非织造布高６．１℃．     

混纺比对蓄热调温/羊绒混纺纱性能的影响

设计并采用相同的纺纱工艺纺制了5种不同混纺比例的蓄热调温/羊绒混纺纱,研究了不同混纺比对蓄热调温/羊绒混纺纱物理机械性能和调温性能的影响.结果表明:当蓄热调温纤维质量分数大于30%时,混纺纱具有调温性,且随着蓄热调温纤维含量的增加,调温效果逐渐增大,混纺纱的毛羽、条干CV值逐渐下降,而强伸性能呈波动性变化;当蓄热调温纤维质量分数小于50%时,40/60蓄热调温/羊绒混纺纱的强伸性能较好;质量分数大于50%时,混纺纱的强伸性能逐渐增加.     

聚乙烯醇冻胶纺丝研究：——凝固浴条件对纤维结构性能的影响

通过聚乙烯醇冻胶纺初生纤维及其拉伸纤维的测试分析研究了不同凝固浴条件对结构性能的影响。研究表明，较低的凝固浴温度和经筛选的凝固介质有利于形成结构性能更佳的初生冻胶丝及其拉伸纤维。用乙醇代替甲醇作凝固浴介质可纺性能良好。     

蓄热调温袜设计与生产

针对夏季运动和冬季运动对袜子的性能要求,以蓄热调温混纺纱为原料,使用计算机辅助设计系统设计出适合于夏季运动穿着的网眼船袜和冬季运动穿着的毛圈中统袜,并在全电脑织袜机上编织生产,测试了蓄热调温袜的保温性能和调温性能,结果表明调温袜具有优良的保暖性能和调温性能。     

凝固条件对聚丙烯腈超滤膜结构与性能的影响

以丙烯腈的三元共聚物（ＣＰＡＮ）为膜材料,配制ＣＰＡＮ－ＤＭＳＯ－添加剂铸膜液制取聚丙烯腈超滤膜,详细研究了蒸发时间、凝固介质（种类、浓度、温度和介质性质）对膜结构和性能的影响。     

P(PEGA-HAM)/PEG与PP共混蓄热调温纤维的制备及其性能

以P(PEGA-HAM)/PEG固-固相变粒子为相变材料(PCM)、以PP-g-PEGA为增容剂与成纤聚合物(PP)按不同比例混合,通过熔融纺丝工艺制备不同相变材料含量的蓄热调温纤维。IR测试分析确定了固-固型相变粒子的化学结构以及三元共混体系的化学组成;通过DSC、纤维强力仪以及SEM表征了蓄热纤维的热性能、力学性能以及外观形态;利用XRD和毛细管流变仪表征了三元共混体系的结晶性能和流变性能。结果表明,当PCM为12%、PP-g-PEGA为3%时,调温纤维的相变焓为12.17J/g,断裂强度为4.86cN/dtex,纤维表面光滑完整;P(PEGA-HAM)/PEG含量的增多破坏了PP基体中α晶的形成,使得PP的结晶度降低,三元共混体系的剪切黏度随着PCM的增多呈现先减小后增大的流变行为,剪切黏度随着温度的升高而降低。     

Comparative Study on Preparing Carbon Fibers Based on PAN Precursors with Different Comonomers

Two different PAN precursors with various comonomers were wet-spun. The properties and structurul changes of PAN precursors and their evolution during preoxidation and carbonization process were characterized by the use of DSC , FTIR and traditional parameters, e g, tensile strength. It is demonstrated that acrylamide（ AAM ） is very effective to make the DSC peak be separated compared to methyl acrylate （ MA ）. As a result, carbon fibers developed from AAM-contained precursors have a better tenacity compared to those developed from MAcontained ones.     

Effect of Post-spinning Modification on the PAN Precursors and Resulting Carbon Fibers

The impregnation of a special grade PAN precursor,fibers wus carried out in a 8 wt% KMnO4 aqueous solution to obtain modified PAN precursor fibers. The effects of modification on the chemical stncture and the mechanical properties of precursor fibers thermally stabilized and their resulting carbon fibers u＇ere characterized by the combiination use of densities, wide-angle X-ray diffraction （WAXD）, X-ray photoelectron speetroscopy （XPS）, elemental analysis （ EA ）, Fourier traasform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）, etc.KMnO4 as a strong oxidizer can swell, oxidize and corrode the skin of a precursor.fiber, and transform C≡N groups to C≡N ones, meamchile , it can decreuse the crystal .size increuse the orientation index and the costallinity index, furthermore it can increuse the densities of modified PAN precursors and resuhing thermally stabilized fibers. As a result, the carbon fibers developed from modified PAN fibers show an improvement in tensile strength of 31.25 % and an improvement in elongation of 77.78 % , but a decrease of 16. 52% in Young＇s modulus.     

Effect of coagulation temperature on structures and properties of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers during dry-jet wet-spinning process

The effect of coagulation temperature on the morphology, microstructures and mechanical properties of dihydroxy poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers was investigated during dry-jet wet- spinning process, in which the coagulation bath concentration and drawn ratio were kept as 10 wt% of PPA in water and 1.7, respectively. The structures and mechanical properties of the as-spun DHPBO fibers were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and single fiber tensile testing. The results indicated that in PPA/H2...     

Thermal behavior and Rheological Properties of PANI-DBSA/PAN Blends

Conducting blends of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline (PANI-DBSA) were prepared by solution blending of the two components. By means of various characterization methods including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cone-plate rheometry, the effects of PANI-DBSA content on the thermal behavior, morphological and rheological properties of the blends were investigated. A single and composition-dependent Tg was found for each of all blends and the thermal stability of PANI-DBSA/PAN was superior to that of both pure Co-PAN and PANI- DBSA. Rheological results show that the apparent viscosity of blend solution decreased at low PANI- DBSA content (2.5 wt%) while increased at high PANI-DBSA content (7.5wt%-10 wt%). Moreover, the shear-thinning appeared more distinctly with the incorporation of PANI-DBSA into the blend solutions especially at a high shear rate.     

Thermal behavior and Rheologieal Properties of PANI-DBSA/PAN Blends

Conducting blends of polyacrylonitrile （PAN） copolymer and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline （PANI-DBSA） were prepared by solution blending of the two components. By means of various characterization methods including differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and cone-plate rheometry, the effects of PANI-DBSA content on the thermal behavior, morphological and rheological properties of the blends were investigated. A single and composition-dependent /＇g was found for each of all blends and the thermal stability of PANI-DBSA/PAN was superior to that of both pure Co-PAN and PANI- DBSA. Rheological results show that the apparent viscosity of blend solution decreased at low PANI- DBSA content （2.5 wt%） while increased at high PANI-DBSA content （7.5wt%-10 wt%）. Moreover, the shear-thinning appeared more distinctly with the incorporation of PANI-DBSA into the blend solutions especially at a high shear rate.     

竹原纤维与竹浆纤维结构和热性能的比较

应用扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FTIR）、X-射线衍射等测试手段对竹原纤维和竹浆纤维的结构进行了研究。确认竹原纤维属于典型的纤维素Ⅰ结构，竹浆纤维属于纤维素Ⅱ结构，竹原纤维的结晶度和热稳定性均高于竹浆纤维。     

凝固浴中加入碳纳米管对ＰＡＮ碳纤维原丝结构性能的影响

在凝固浴中加入经酸处理的多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）,制得多壁碳纳米管-聚丙烯腈纤维,并对其进行了表征．结果表明：在凝固浴中加入酸处理MWNTs,对填补PAN碳纤维原丝内部的微孔有明显的作用;对PAN原丝的结晶结构几乎没有影响;降低了原丝的晶区取向;提高了原丝的断裂强度、断裂伸长率及拉伸韧度．     

石蜡相变微胶囊及蓄热调温织物的制备及性能研究

以甲苯二异氰酸酯和哌嗪为壁材单体,30#相变石蜡为芯材,采用界面聚合法制备出一种新型聚脲相变微胶囊,将此相变微胶囊加入到涂层整理液中制备出蓄热调温棉织物。考察了制备条件对微胶囊成形和粒径大小的影响:微胶囊形态随水相单体浓度的增大而改善,粒径随乳化速度的增大及乳化剂浓度的增大而减小。在哌嗪质量分数为1.0%、乳化剂OP质量分数为2.0%、乳化速度为5 000 r/min的条件下制备出的相变微胶囊粒径均匀,成形良好,平均粒径为10.6μm。微胶囊涂层织物具有良好的蓄热调温性能。     

Effect of coagulation temperature on structures and properties of poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers during dry-jet wet-spinning process

The effect of coagulation temperature on the morphology, microstructures and mechanical properties of dihydroxy poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (DHPBO) fibers was investigated during dry-jet wet-spinning process, in which the coagulation bath concentration and drawn ratio were kept as 10 wt% of PPA in water and 1.7, respectively. The structures and mechanical properties of the as-spun DHPBO fibers were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and single fiber tensile testing. The results indicated that in PPA/H₂O coagulation system, when the coagulation temperature was 25°C, highly crystallized DHPBO as-spun fibers possessing fine crystallites, circular and smooth morphology, and excellent mechanical properties could be achieved. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50673017), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No. B603) and the Program of Introducing Taleuts of Discipline to University of People’s Republic of China (“111” Program) (Grant No. 111-2-04)