瓶装芦笋罐头加工工艺与质量控制

介绍了瓶装芦笋罐头的加工工艺操作要点和产品的技术指标，指出生产加工过程中容易产生的质量问题和控制措施。     

真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋护绿工艺研究

色泽是评价真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋质量的重要指标,本实验从漂烫和护绿剂浸泡处理两个环节对真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋的护绿工艺进行研究。运用U12(122×6)均匀实验研究不同漂烫条件对绿芦笋营养成分的影响,利用L16(45)正交实验研究不同护绿处理的护绿效果,最终得出真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋较优护绿工艺条件为:切分长度5～6cm,85～90℃条件下漂烫3.5～4min;0.3mol/L的Na2CO3溶液浸泡40s;护绿剂pH7.5、Zn(CH3COO)2浓度200mg/kg、CuSO4浓度50mg/kg,浸泡时间8h。     

真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋护绿工艺研究

色泽是评价真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋质量的重要指标,本实验从漂烫和护绿剂浸泡处理两个环节对真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋的护绿工艺进行研究。运用U12(122×6)均匀实验研究不同漂烫条件对绿芦笋营养成分的影响,利用L16(45)正交实验研究不同护绿处理的护绿效果,最终得出真空冷冻干燥绿芦笋较优护绿工艺条件为:切分长度5～6cm,85～90℃条件下漂烫3.5～4min;0.3mol/L的Na2CO3溶液浸泡40s;护绿剂pH7.5、Zn(CH3COO)2浓度200mg/kg、CuSO4浓度50mg/kg,浸泡时间8h。      

绿芦笋真空冷冻干燥工艺研究

本研究以新鲜绿芦笋为对象,对其真空冷冻干燥过程的预冻工艺和干燥工艺进行了系统的研究.通过两因素对比试验和L9（3^4）正交试验,确定了预冻工艺参数为：预冻温度-20℃,预冻时间4h;干燥工艺参数为：工作压力55Pa,升华温度55℃,解析温度65℃.     

绿芦笋真空干燥工艺研究

主要研究了绿芦笋的真空干燥工艺条件,以漂烫温度、漂烫时间、干燥温度和工作压力为因素,通过L16(45)正交试验,确定漂烫和真空干燥的最佳工艺条件为85℃热水中漂烫4min、干燥温度为75℃、工作压力为0.03MPa。     

速冻绿芦笋加工技术

芦笋是百合科天冬门属多年生宿根性植物,又名石刁柏、龙须菜等。食用的芦笋是未出土的嫩茎,肉质脆嫩,带有细小的鳞片(退化的叶片),通常有白尖与绿尖两种,速冻芦笋一般指的是萌芽顶部微露出土面的绿芦笋。绿芦笋营养丰富,美味可口,具有多处药用功效,经分析,有效药用是因为含有0.7％的非含蛋白质含胺物质,其中主要是天冬酰胺。天冬     

绿芦笋软罐头工艺配方的研究

本文主要绿芦笋在Ｃｕ＾３＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋护绿的基础上，对软罐头的风味，ＰＨ值，色泽和杀菌工艺等方面进行了全面探讨，以筛选出最佳配方和杀菌条件。     

冷冻芦笋山药猪肉卷

精选绿芦笋、山药、猪里脊肉 3种原料 ,添加适当的辅料 ,按一定的工艺要求加工成芦笋山药猪肉卷 ,产品风味独特、营养丰富 ,在冷冻调理食品中具有一定的特色     

冷冻鳗鱼片加工工艺质量控制要点分析

我国的鳗鱼加工产业发展迅速,市场广阔.本文主要对冷冻鳗鱼片的生产工艺进行相关分析,提出冷冻鳗鱼片加工中的关键控制点,总结冷冻鳗鱼片的质量管理方法,从而保障冷冻鳗鱼片产品的质量,为其可持续健康发展奠定基础.     

西式火腿加工工艺及其质量控制

西式火腿中的盐水火腿是可直接食用的熟制品,因其肉嫩味美而深受消费者欢迎.本文介绍了盐水火腿的一种加工工艺,并探讨了各工艺过程质量控制的关键点.     

绿芦笋保鲜技术研究

对绿笋采后呼吸、Vc变化规律及实用保鲜技术进行了研究。试验结果表明:芦笋为呼吸高峰型的蔬菜;采收后,Vc随着贮藏期的延长而逐渐下降;臭氧可明显地抑制笋尖白霉的生长,并对软腐病有一定的抑制作用;芦笋气调效应明显,在0.8～1.2℃的低温下,O22%～3%、CO213%～14%效果最好,贮藏30d商品率达90%以上。     

减压贮藏对绿芦笋不同部位品质的影响

以绿芦笋为原料,研究不同减压条件对绿芦笋不同部位品质的影响。结果表明,减压贮藏可以明显抑制可溶性蛋白质和可溶性固形物(TSS)含量的降低,0·06MPa作用显著。不同部位的绿芦笋可溶性蛋白质含量和TSS的变化趋势不同;中部和根部的可溶性蛋白质和TSS的含量随着贮藏期的延长逐渐降低,而茎头部呈略升后降趋势;绿芦笋叶绿素含量呈下降趋势,0·02MPa条件保存了较高的叶绿素含量,绿芦笋的不同部位色度a*值随着贮藏期的延长由负值逐渐变为正值,与对照相比,0·04MPa和0·06MPa对绿芦笋护绿作用不明显,0·06MPa减压贮藏效果好于0·02MPa和0·04MPa贮藏的效果,但色度a*值反而较大。      

包装容器对绿芦笋汁货架期品质的影响

绿芦笋汁采用121℃、3min杀菌处理后,分别灌装于预先杀菌处理的玻璃瓶和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）瓶中,于（4±1）℃冷藏,通过测定绿芦笋汁贮藏期间色泽、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、维生素C、总酚和还原糖含量的变化,以探究不同包装容器对绿芦笋汁贮藏期间品质的影响。结果表明:玻璃瓶包装可有效延缓绿芦笋汁冷藏期间色泽亮度的上升和绿色的受损,抑制类胡萝卜素含量的上升,从而有效地保护绿芦笋汁的绿色,维持绿芦笋汁色泽的稳定性,在贮藏结束时L*值为56.15,a*值为-1.27,总叶绿素含量为5.584mg/L;玻璃瓶装绿芦笋汁的维生素C、总酚和还原糖含量的降低受到显著抑制,尤其是维生素C含量在贮藏3个月时仍为0.204mg/m L,保留率为82.93%,总酚和还原糖的保留率分别为52.74%、64.58%,而PET瓶装绿芦笋汁的维生素C、总酚和还原糖的保留率分别为28.05%、43.68%和58.67%。由此,玻璃瓶包装可有效维持绿芦笋汁冷藏期间的货架品质。      

Content of amino acids and the quality of protein in as‐eaten green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) products

The content of amino acids in fresh green spears and in three as‐eaten products was considered, i.e., in fresh asparagus after cooking and in two products obtained from frozen asparagus stored for 12 months at ?20 °C. One of the frozen products was obtained using the traditional method (blanching–freezing–frozen storage) and then cooked. The other was obtained using the modified technology (cooking–freezing–frozen storage); after the storage period the product was defrosted and heated to consumption temperature in a microwave oven. The limiting amino acid of the first order was methionine with cystine, and of the second order leucine. Essential amino acids constituted 40–43% of the total amino acid content. The dominant amino acids were aspartic acid and glutamic acid. The culinary and technological procedures applied brought about a drastic decrease (50–56% in 16 g N) in tyrosine content.     

Cell wall phenolics of white and green asparagus

Cinnamic acids influence physical and textural attributes of plant foods as they play an important role in lignification and cross‐linking of cell‐wall polymers. Several trans‐cinnamic acids have been detected in asparagus cell wall (CW), and, of these, amounts of ferulic acid (FA) and its dehydrodimers have been found to increase significantly during post‐harvest storage. The distribution of these compounds along the different sections of white and green spears, as well as their modifications during postharvest storage, has been investigated. It has been observed that the cell walls from the apical, middle and lower sections of the green spears contain equivalent amounts of FA derivatives (about 400 µg g^?1 CW), while these compounds are mainly located in the middle (681 µg g^?1 CW) and lower section (975 µg g^?1 CW) of the white ones. During asparagus post‐harvest storage a general increase of FA monomers and dimers took place that affected every section of both green and white spears. Major changes occurred in the middle and lower sections of the white asparagus, where the amounts of ferulic derivatives increased to 1700 and 1678 µg g^?1 CW after storage. A similar but less pronounced trend was observed for the green spears. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

水溶性壳聚糖涂膜处理对采后绿芦笋贮藏品质的影响

研究了0.50%的水溶性壳聚糖(WSC)和羧甲基壳聚糖(CMC)分别对在2℃贮藏条件下采后绿芦笋的涂膜保鲜。通过感官品质、失重率、抗坏血酸含量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、总酚含量、多酚氧化酶(PPO)等生理生化指标的测定,以未经处理的绿芦笋为对照。结果表明:经0.50%的CMC和WSC进行涂膜处理,均可有效地降低芦笋的失重率,维持其硬度,延缓其抗坏血酸和叶绿素营养物质的消耗。而且CMC处理可以明显抑制绿芦笋总酚含量的下降及其PPO、POD和SOD活性的变化,其感官品质也明显优于对照组,使绿芦笋的贮藏时间延长至35 d。     

Mechanical properties of white and green asparagus: changes related to modifications of cell wall components

The changes of texture that take place in white and green asparagus during storage and cooking are, in large part, determined by the composition and structure of the cell walls. Several instrumental methods have been applied to three sections of the spears to investigate the physico‐chemical properties that contribute to the values of texture. Cutting the spears with a razor blade is the most appropriate method for quantifying and comparing the texture of white and green asparagus and, among the different parameters that can be calculated from the curves registered during asparagus cutting, strength and toughness have been used for determining changes of texture. Post‐harvest storage caused an increase of texture mainly located in the lower portions of the white spears. The process of toughening also affected the lower section of the green spears, but to a lesser extent. Cooking resulted in a softening, mostly in the apical section of the stem. Additional information about the physico‐chemical properties of different plant tissues has been obtained by applying a tensile test to the internal and external tissues separated from asparagus sections. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

绿芦笋富锗鲜湿面条的研制

绿芦笋富锗鲜湿面条是一种高营养的绿色保健新产品,该产品具有营养价值高、外观形态好、适口性强等特点。通过实验研究,其最佳生产配方为:面粉55%、绿芦笋汁25%、富锗豆芽粉3%、水适量、淀粉4.5%、谷肽粉0.5%、食盐0.2%、瓜儿豆胶0.2%。     

高静压处理对预制绿芦笋品质的影响

绿芦笋嫩茎含水量高,呼吸作用较强,采收后不耐贮藏。高静压技术(High hydrostatic pressure,HHP)是一种新兴的最少加工技术,为解决绿芦笋采后损失问题提供了有效途径。本文研究了高静压处理对预制绿芦笋(Asparagus officinalis L)杀菌效果与品质的影响。分别在300、400、500、600 MPa压力和室温(25℃)下,研究了HHP处理绿芦笋1、3、5、10、15、20 min对微生物的杀灭效果。在保证杀菌效果的基础上,筛选出3组HHP处理参数,研究了高静压处理后预制绿芦笋贮藏品质的变化。结果表明:随着压力升高及保压时间延长,HHP的杀菌效果逐渐增强;霉菌和酵母对压力比较敏感,300 MPa处理3 min就能全部杀灭;300 MPa处理15 min、400 MPa处理10 min、500 MPa处理5 min、600 MPa处理3 min后,绿芦笋菌落总数含量均低于100 cfu/g。Weibull模型在压力300~600 MPa范围内拟合度较高(相关系数R~2>0.970)。贮藏期间,与传统热处理相比,3组高静压处理较好的保留了绿芦笋的色泽、质构、维生素含量等品质。综上所述,500 MPa处理5 min的预制绿芦笋贮藏期可达21 d,品质优于其它两组高静压处理。