舰艇装备软件可靠性测试工程实践

为解决软件可靠性测试工程实践上受限于软件的规模、功能和变量的复杂关联而难以开展的问题,提出了一种工程上易于使用的形式语言和测试用例生成方法.由此可清晰描述复杂的功能和变量约束,自动生成指定数量的可靠性测试用例,并通过与实际键值关联,实现可靠性测试用例的自动人机操作输入.对舰艇装备软件典型功能进行了可靠性测试,实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

以软件可靠性增长测试推动软件可靠性工程的实施

针对航空机载武器系统嵌入式软件可靠性工程实施现状,提出以软件可靠性增长测试为基础。推动软件可靠性工程的实施的观点,并给出由软件可靠性增长测试推动软件可靠性工程实施的具体过程。     

软件可靠性测试方法探析

在软件可靠性测试中，测试结果会受测试用例的影响。为得到最佳的测试结果，文中提出了基于运行剖面的公平选择测试用例的原则，在此基础上，建立测试用例集，进行软件可靠性测试，目的是对软件的可靠性进行验证。文章最后给出了利用软件的运行剖面和软件失效数据进行软件可靠性评估的方法。     

软件可靠性测试及评估平台的设计与实现

设计并实现了软件可靠性测试与评估平台,支持软件可靠性测试用例自动生成,便于可靠性数据收集以及软件可靠性评估和预测,解决了软件可靠性测试难以有效开展的问题。通过与SMERFS预测结果对比,表明本平台对软件可靠性测试与评价具有较强的实用性。     

基于Markov链使用模型的软件可靠性测评方法研究

基于Markov链使用模型的软件统计测试是产生高效测试用例,实现软件可靠性定量评估的有效方法.论述了该方法中使用链与测试链的构建技术,基于使用模型的统计分析计算,基于测试链的软件可靠性评估,操作可靠性和使用可靠性评估,以及它们在实际应用中需要注意的若干问题.     

基于软件可靠性工程的测试模型

软件可靠性工程是软件工程的一个重要分支,主要建立在操作剖面、软件可靠性模型、概率论和软件测试等理论的基础之上。该文结合软件可靠性、软件可靠性工程和软件测试的相关理论,设计了可靠性测试模型,并在市政交通一卡通工程系统中进行了实际验证。     

软件可靠性测试及其实践

软件可靠性测试是软件可靠性工程的一项重要工作内容,是满足软件可靠性要求、评价软件可靠性水平及验证软件产品是否达到可靠性要求的重要途径。本文探讨、研究了软件可靠性测试的基本概念,软件可靠性测试过程以及软件可靠性测试中的主要问题,还介绍了一个实际软件的可靠性测试工作。     

基于测试用例和时间域软件可靠性模型

可靠性作为衡量软件质量的重要特性,其定量评估和预测已成为人们关注和研究的焦点。软件可靠性模型既是软件可靠性定量分析的基础,也是可靠性预测的核心和关键。在软件比重日益增加的今天,研究系统的软件可靠性对整个产品质量的提升具有很大的现实意义。现有的软件可靠性模型大都是基于概率统计建立的,考虑的因素比较单一,与工程实际有一定差别。文中对典型的软件可靠性模型进行比较研究,在综合考虑了输入域、缺陷等级、时间域等因素的基础上,经过严密的数学推导,建立了基于测试用例和时间域的软件可靠性混合模型,并对该模型的实际应用进行了介绍。     

基于测试覆盖的嵌入式软件可靠性评估

为了提高软件可靠性的评估和预测精度,提出了一个基于测试覆盖的非齐次泊松过程类软件可靠性增长模型,通过将测试覆盖率信息考虑到软件可靠性模型中去,使模型能够更准确地描述软件的测试过程,并能避免由于测试的不充分性而导致的可靠性评估偏离软件的真实情况.提出了结合变点思想的基于测试覆盖的软件可靠性评估方法,该方法解决了工程实践中经常出现的测试过程中剖面发生变化而导致失效数据不服从同一分布的实际问题.最后,通过实例分析,验证了该方法的准确性和有效性.     

星载软件可靠性工程研究与实践

为提高星载软件的可靠性,针对某星载软件的特点,讨论了开展软件可靠性工程的实施框架和过程,分别从软件可靠性设计、分析、度量和测试四个方面进行了总结和评述.重点论述了软件可靠性设计准则,软件故障模式及影响分析和软件故障树分析技术的特点,软件可靠性度量的选择方法,以及软件可靠性测试的评估规程和可靠性模型的选择方法,并给出了技术应用的结果,证明了这些方法的可行性和适用性.     

Considering the fault dependency concept with debugging time lag in software reliability growth modeling using a power function of testing time

Since the early 1970s tremendous growth has been seen in the research of software reliability growth modeling.In general, software reliability growth models (SRGMs) are applicable to the late stages of testing in software development and they can provide useful information about how to improve the reliability of software products.A number of SRGMs have been proposed in the literature to represent time-dependent fault identification/removal phenomenon;still new models are being proposed that could fit a greater number of reliability growth curves.Often,it is assumed that detected faults axe immediately corrected when mathematical models are developed.This assumption may not be realistic in practice because the time to remove a detected fault depends on the complexity of the fault,the skill and experience of the personnel,the size of the debugging team,the technique,and so on.Thus,the detected fault need not be immediately removed,and it may lag the fault detection process by a delay effect factor.In this paper,we first review how different software reliability growth models have been developed,where fault detection process is dependent not only on the number of residual fault content but also on the testing time,and see how these models can be reinterpreted as the delayed fault detection model by using a delay effect factor.Based on the power function of the testing time concept,we propose four new SRGMs that assume the presence of two types of faults in the software:leading and dependent faults.Leading faults are those that can be removed upon a failure being observed.However,dependent faults are masked by leading faults and can only be removed after the corresponding leading fault has been removed with a debugging time lag.These models have been tested on real software error data to show its goodness of fit,predictive validity and applicability.     

Generalized Discrete Software Reliability Modeling With Effect of Program Size

Generalized methods for software reliability growth modeling have been proposed so far. But, most of them are on continuous-time software reliability growth modeling. Many discrete software reliability growth models (SRGM) have been proposed to describe a software reliability growth process depending on discrete testing time such as the number of days (or weeks); the number of executed test cases. In this paper, we discuss generalized discrete software reliability growth modeling in which the software failure-occurrence times follow a discrete probability distribution. Our generalized discrete SRGMs enable us to assess software reliability in consideration of the effect of the program size, which is one of the influential factors related to the software reliability growth process. Specifically, we develop discrete SRGMs in which the software failure-occurrence times follow geometric and discrete Rayleigh distributions, respectively. Moreover, we derive software reliability assessment measures based on a unified framework for discrete software reliability growth modeling. Additionally, we also discuss optimal software release problems based on our generalized discrete software reliability growth modeling. Finally, we show numerical examples of software reliability assessment by using actual fault-counting data     

一种模块化的实时软件可靠性测评方法

根据实时软件的可靠性评估需要,在分析传统软件可靠性增长模型局限性的基础上,提出了一种模块化的实时软件可靠性测评方法。该方法将系统的可靠性指标分配到各任务模块,并将贝叶斯理论用于单个模块的可靠性测评。相比基于可靠性增长模型的传统测试方法,该方法可降低系统测试的复杂程度,提高评估精度,特别适合对高可靠性软件的测评。     

基于失效分析的软件可靠性评估方法研究

基于用户运行剖面的软件可靠性测试理论广泛地应用在软件测试领域.然而,这种软件可靠性测试既耗时又昂贵.在国内,现在进行的软件黑盒测试主要是系统测试,对于高可靠性要求的软件,系统测试后也需要评估它的可靠性水平.介绍了一种基于失效分析的软件可靠性评估方法,这种方法利用了软件系统测试后得到的缺陷数据,对每一个缺陷导致失效的内外...     

Optimal testing resource allocation during module testing considering cost, testing effort and reliability

Software reliability is one of the most important quality attributes of commercial software. During software testing, software reliability growth models (SRGMs) are commonly used to describe the phenomenon of failure occurrence and/or fault removal which consequently enhancements software reliability. Large software systems are developed by integrating a number of relatively small and independent modules, which are tested independently during module testing phase. The amount of testing resource available is limited which is desired to be consumed judiciously so as to optimize the testing process. In this paper we formulate a resource allocation problem of minimizing the cost of software testing under available amount of testing resource, given a reliability constraint. We use a flexible SRGM considering testing effort which, depending upon the values of parameters, can describe either exponential or S-shaped failure pattern of software modules. A systematic and sequential Algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem formulated. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the formulation and solution procedures. Sensitivity analysis is performed to examine the behavior of some parameters of SRGM with most significant influence.     

连续执行软件可靠性验证测试方法

针对基于经典统计假设检验的固定期测试方法测试持续期太长,难以满足现代连续执行软件可靠性验证测试的需要,提出了一种基于经验贝叶斯统计推断的连续执行软件可靠性验证测试方法。该方法通过可靠性增长测试阶段的测试记录获得软件失效强度的先验分布,从而得到所需要的验证测试持续期,并结合检证测试过程中的具体情况,提出了先验动态整合的方法。实验表明,该方法在不降低验证测试结果可信性的条件下,能有效地减少可靠性验证测试的持续期。     

An experimental study of adaptive testing for software reliability assessment

Adaptive testing is a new form of software testing that is based on the feedback and adaptive control principle and can be treated as the software testing counterpart of adaptive control. Our previous work has shown that adaptive testing can be formulated and guided in theory to minimize the variance of an unbiased software reliability estimator and to achieve optimal software reliability assessment. In this paper, we present an experimental study of adaptive testing for software reliability assessment, where the adaptive testing strategy, the random testing strategy and the operational profile based testing strategy were applied to the Space program in four experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that the adaptive testing strategy can really work in practice and may noticeably outperform the other two. Therefore, the adaptive testing strategy can serve as a preferable alternative to the random testing strategy and the operational profile based testing strategy if high confidence in the reliability estimates is required or the real-world operational profile of the software under test cannot be accurately identified.     

Software reliability assessment tool based on object-oriented analysis and its application

In general, the software testing-efforts which are spent in large-scale software development account for a half of the total amount of the development effort. Therefore, the management of fault-detection and fault-correction activities in the testing phase is very important to efficiently and economically develop a highly-reliable software product. In this paper, a software management tool which aids the quality/reliability assessment and testing-progress control in the testing phase is developed. This tool consists of several sub-systems that analyze software fault-detection data and assess software quality/reliability and testing-progress based on adopted software reliability growth models. Also, we use JAVA language to implement the tool. The JAVA language is widely known as an object-oriented and platform-free programming language. These characteristics are suitable for constructing our tool, because the tool will be revised to adopt new software reliability growth models and/or new testing-control techniques. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

一种加入单改变点的Schneidewind模型研究

Schneidewind 模型已经被广泛研究和应用到很多软件可靠性预测中去。很多软件可靠性增长模型都假设软件所有的失效有相同的查错率,并且在失效发生时,查错率也不发生变化。但实际中,查错率会依赖于多种因素,也会因为软件需求的变化、测试团队的变动而发生变化。本文提出通过几何图形的观测通过对 Schneidewind 模型加入单个改变点来改进模型,并通过实验证明此方法对可靠性精度的提高有一定作用。同时,本文也说明了此方法应用的优点及其局限性。