《清明上河图》城市意象的网络图景分析

互联网媒介是网络社会中重要的信息获取渠道，在新媒体的作用下，社会个体感知城市的方式发生变化，并拓展了城市意象的研究范畴。以互联网搜索引擎中《清明上河图》古代城市意象图片为研究对象，首先探索性地提出解析网络媒介数据中城市意象再表达的分析方法，包括场景图片的叠合分析、高频分析与要素提取；其次，以《清明上河图》为实证研究对象，揭示网络媒介中公众对于古代城市意象的认知特征。结果显示，公众对历史图景中空间意象的认知高度集中在街道、桥头与城楼等特征性标志物和节点空间，反映了“流动空间”中凯文·林奇城市意象体系的结节性特征。更重要的是，空间意象的社会建构过程也是当前历史街区中地标性建构筑物“符号化”趋势的直接表现。     

中国城市国际化的历程、特征与展望

通过回顾中国国际化城市的总体历程可知:从定位看,国际化城市大致可分为国际化大都市、区域性国际城市和专业特色国际城市三类;从空间分布看,国际化城市大多为沿海、沿江、沿边开放城市,以及内陆省会开放城市和经济体制改革试点城市;从人口,经济特征看,国际化城市呈现出人口、经济和产业结构与国际化定位匹配的特征.我国一方面应编制国家...     

中国城市的图像速生

媒体社会环境下的城市速生依赖于都市图像的类像生产,而中国的城市发展机制与城市理想模式不仅决定了中国城市的类像特性,同时也受图像类像所构建的超真实领域制约。     

浅谈轴线与城市发展的关系

本文从轴线的由来、构成及其与城市发展的关系三个方面论述了中国传统城市轴线的发展过程,并通过与国外典型城市轴线的横向对比明确了传统城市轴线对城市建设所起的作用,最后结合对当下国内城市设计典型案例中轴线运用的研究提出了现今城市轴线设计中存在的弊端和解决的思路。     

Social media: A new vehicle for city marketing in China

Following global trends, cities, like companies, across the world are under fierce competitive pressure. To compete and promote city brands, various levels of Chinese governments have begun to integrate multiple marketing tactics to promote cities. Social media has gained global popularity since 2008. Utilizing social media for city marketing is being applied in the Chinese cities. This paper introduces the application of social media for city marketing in Chinese cities. Based on several cases of social media use for city marketing in major Chinese cities (e.g., Guangzhou, Chengdu and Nanjing), this paper suggests that using social media is an appropriate tactic to promote cities because of the participative, interactive, open and transparent nature of social media.     

The hierarchy of cities in Internet news media and Internet search: Some insights from China

Applying a novel approach based on the vast city-related information in the Internet, this paper probes into the hierarchy of Chinese cities in virtual space by developing a theoretical analysis framework and analyzing the amount of coverage that a city received in the Internet news media (attribute data) and the distance decay effect in Internet search of a city from other cities (relational data). We used the Baidu Media Index and Search Index of city names in China to capture the amount of yearly city exposure in the Internet news media and how often cities have been searched by Internet users in other cities, respectively. Our results show that the extent of Internet news coverage of a city is highly related to that city's real-world characteristics including its administrative status, economic development, tourist resources, and its distance to/from Beijing. Besides, the distance decay coefficients in the Internet search of cities vary widely and the effects are mediated by the city's amount of coverage in the Internet news media, job opportunities and transport functions. There is evidence to suggest that the hierarchy of cities in virtual space has been heavily shaped by specific social, economic, and political factors.     

攀枝花市城市色彩设计浅析

近年来,我国的城市建设发展迅速,城市规模快速扩张,急需更好地从整体上把握建筑色彩设计、塑造良好的城市形象以及解决“千城一面”等诸多问题。本文阐述了环境色彩在现代城市景观个性创造中的重要意义,借鉴国内外关于城市色彩研究的经验,就攀枝花市总体城市设计中的色彩规划提出了原则及建议。     

京城滨水新景观——北京通州运河城市景观设计

通州运河城市景观以自然的生态理念、丰富的景观形态,在体现人文关怀的功能性主题城市开放空间中,通过设置媒体制作、国际生态住居、休闲娱乐等多种产业形态,将生态、文化等景观要素有机地穿插在城市肌理中,创造出北京地区独一无二的大尺度滨水都市空间。以“岛影、塔影、楼影、树影”为总体设计理念,规划形成“河源文化、历史人文、运河风情、运动健康、商务休闲、生态教育”六大功能主题板块。     

Perception of city management,fellow residents,and Perceived External Prestige (PEP) as antecedents of city affective commitment - The city marketing perspective

This study analyses the role of perception of city management, perception of fellow residents, and Perceived External Prestige (PEP) on affective commitment from the city marketing perspective. The research model is tested based on the data collected on the residents of two different cities, on residents (N = 402) of Ljubljana – Green capital of Europe, 2016, and (N = 403) of Maribor – Capital of Culture, 2012. The results showed that both Perceived External Prestige and perception of fellow residents were significant drivers of city commitment. Perception of city management had a significant effect on Perceived External Prestige and perception of fellow residents, although no significant direct effect on city commitment. The results revealed that Perceived External Prestige and perception of fellow residents mediate the relationship between perception of city management and affective commitment fully. The study recognises the relationships between analysed variables, and confirms their crucial role as drivers of the residents' city commitment.     

Benchmarking urban eco-efficiency and urbanites' perception

Urbanization as an inexorable global trend stresses the need to identify cities which are eco-efficient. These cities enable socioeconomic development with lower environmental burden, both being multidimensional concepts. Based on this approach, we benchmark 88 European cities using (i) an advanced version of regression residual ranking and (ii) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Our results show that Stockholm, Munich and Oslo perform well irrespective of the benchmarking method. Furthermore, our results indicate that larger European cities are eco-efficient given the socioeconomic benefits they offer compared to smaller cities. In addition, we analyze correlations between a subjective public perception ranking and our objective eco-efficiency rankings for a subset of 45 cities. This exercise revealed three insights: (1) public perception about quality of life in a city is not merely confined to the socioeconomic well-being but rather to its combination with a lower environmental burden; (2) public perception correlates well with both formal ranking outcomes, corroborating the choice of variables; and (3) the advanced regression residual method appears to be more adequate to fit the urbanites' perception ranking (correlation coefficient about 0.6). This can be interpreted as an indication that urbanites' perception reflects the typical eco-efficiency performance and is less influenced by exceptionally performing cities (in the latter case, DEA should have better correlation coefficient). This study highlights that the socioeconomic growth in cities should not be environmentally detrimental as this might lead to significant discontent regarding perceived quality of urban life.     

Media strategies for improving an unfavorable city image

Today, as cities attempt to acquire a favorable image among investors, immigrants and tourists, the leaders of many cities believe that the unfavorable images and stereotypes associated with their names are obstacles that forestall a brighter future. The object of this article is to present a review summarizing media strategies, that local decision-makers can employ to deal with city image-related crises, and to reverse a city’s negative image. The article first deals with the marketing of cities, images and stereotypes, with image management and with techniques geared to successfully deliver campaign messages. It then presents 10 strategies to improve a city’s negative image: encouraging visits to the city; hosting spotlight events; turning negative characteristics into positive characteristics; changing the city’s name, logo or slogan; cultivating the residents’ local pride; solving the problem that led to the formation of the negative image; delivering counter-stereotypical messages; ignoring the stereotype; acknowledging the negative image; and geographic association or separation in the campaign.     

贵阳市发展定位与总体战略研究

首先分析新阶段贵阳定位的重大战略意义。再通过全球时空背景下的城市定位分析框架理论和应用SWOT分析方法分析确定新阶段贵阳的总体战略与发展定位：将贵阳市建设成为国际生态文明城市,打造成为独具特色,具有品牌效应的高远山林生态城市;具有较高的国际知名度和美誉度的国际化大都市。具体为3个城市1个基地：世界级城市群的枢纽城市、国际高端生态休闲度假城市、中国生态文明示范城市和国际绿色生态产业基地。贵阳市的空间发展战略为：三区五城五带。最后给出新阶段实现贵阳定位的具体步骤与路径。     

对我国发展国际性城市的思考

近几年来,“国际性城市”已成为不少沿海大城市规划建设的目标。国际性城市的含义、应具备的条件、以及在我国建立国际性城市的可能性和必要性是引起广泛关注的问题。作者从国际性城市的确立、城市格局、城市特征、CBD选址等方面论述了我国建立国际性城市应该注意的问题。     

Construction of Cultural Landscape System for Ancient Yiyang City from the Perspective of “Mountain,Water and City”

As the revitalization of city culture and the city cultural confidence has been increasingly valued, the ancients' perception and interpretation of mountains, rivers and cultural landscapes, as well as their wisdom in the construction of traditional cities deserve more attention and further exploration. Taking ancient Yiyang City for example, this paper on the basis of local chronicles and literature analyzed the construction history of the city, famous mountains and rivers, and top eight views, and attempted to interpret the construction system of "mountain, river and city" landscape of traditional Chinese cities, in order to provide historical basis and cultural background for revitalizing local cultures and shaping urban landscape patterns, and offer spatial strategies for the city protection and renewal.     

New Socio-ecological Imperatives for Cities: Possibilities and Dilemmas for Australian Metropolitan Governance

This review examines two new socio-ecological imperatives that have the potential to reshape planning practice and policy: urban climate governance and governance for resilience. The roots of the new imperatives lie in international city collaborative networks funded by philanthropy organisations that operate at city scale. City networks operating at the metropolitan scale raise issues for Australian cities with distributed governance. This practice review considers the early manifestation of both imperatives in what might be termed ‘policy experiments’ in Australia’s two largest cities: the new climate governance framework emerging through the City of Sydney’s collaboration with the C40 network and the resilience regime being shaped by the City of Melbourne’s partnership with Rockefeller Foundation’s Resilient 100 program. Whilst our early analysis has accentuated the positive to some degree, pointing to different, if preliminary, forms of success in both Sydney and Melbourne, the limits and frustrations that present in both contexts cannot be discounted. Urban planners in many world cities and regions will need to consider and possibly absorb these new agendas of urban climate governance and governing for resilience driven by international city collaborative networks.     

RESEARCH ON VISUALLY PERCEIVED IMAGE AND STRATEGIES FOR VISTA VIEW SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT OF THE JINSITAO WATERFRONT OF SHICHAHAI IN BEIJING

Visual perceiving is one of the most important and direct ways to perceive physical environment and instantly generate images of it. The data gained from visual perception lays a foundation for the research on city images. This study concentrated in the Jinsitao Waterfront of Shichahai area in Beijing. By collecting photos with wearable cameras and generating an image map of visual perception through image identification and analysis, this study explores strategies for improving vista view system in the study area, offering a reference for other research on historical district renewals in cities. Thirty volunteers were asked to tour along an 800-meter path from the north edge of Qianhai to the south edge of Houhai recording the scenery with GoPro cameras on their foreheads. Over 25,000 screenshots were then captured consecutively from the video documents. By identifying and analyzing these screenshots, mapping perceiving locations, and corresponding them to perceived objects, an image perception map was generated, from which a series of planning and design strategies were developed to suggest that future historical districts’ planning practices should enhance the protection of a site’s overall image and distinctive landmarks, as well as the improvement of visual corridors and vista view system.     

From modernist to market urbanism: the transformation of New Belgrade

This paper introduces two starkly contrasting faces of recent European urbanism, and shows how they have shaped the same urban territory, New Belgrade. In the first place, it outlines the central dilemmas and difficulties around the construction of a large modernist city in Europe, and secondly, it explores the modifications undertaken in order to accommodate a radically different, consumption‐oriented society. The location for this enquiry is the largest municipal district within Belgrade. New Belgrade, with its immense size and expanse (over 40 sq km and a population of about 250,000), grand boulevards and massive apartment buildings lined up in numbered blocks, is a mixture of modernist vision and socialist planning, far larger than any comparable urban district in Central and Eastern European cities. Designed as a federal capital for Tito’s Yugoslavia, it rapidly became a predominantly residential suburb. New Belgrade is now being re‐positioned and partly re‐built as a business centre in a process of change driven largely by international capital, with international companies investing in the construction of large retail, leisure and business facilities. At the same time, open spaces are being filled in, often with up‐market housing. The paper provides an overview of some of the plans and controversies that surrounded the city’s construction and an outline of the modifications that have transformed New Belgrade since.     

The city so prosperous: episodes of urban life in Suzhou

Views are the most direct means to re-configure the images of cities. Despite the cultural differences in nations of the occidental and oriental worlds, their painters and cartographers have had a strong inclination to illustrate cities as they once appeared. To understand Siena, the medieval town and its citizens' collective wishes, one could hardly overlook Ambrogio Lorenzetti's fresco of the images of Buon Governo and Mal Governo in its Palazzo Pubblico. Similarly, if one wants to understand the social and urban lives of Suzhou, China, in the eighteenth century, examining the scroll painting, Prosperous Suzhou , by Xu Yang, AD 1759, is most revealing. The painter of Prosperous Suzhou employed the scattered perspective technique to reconstruct the urban scenes in a continual visual itinerary. The images were structured upon a coherent naturalistic setting in which the essence of urban life was vividly depicted through the overlays of orchestrated events. Sharing some common characteristics of Lorenzetti's fresco, Prosperous Suzhou , in describing the city, however, translated the Chinese concept of layering in time and space most fluently into a flattened mental picture for the viewers. In this paper, I will focus on reading the urban scenes of Suzhou in the mid-eighteenth century from the scroll with reference to the surveyed cartographic records of the same period. At the same time, the techniques in representing these images and their relationships with the Chinese perception of space and time will be investigated. As a chain of memories captured in the views along the scroll, the urban experiences in Suzhou will be decoded and interpreted. By re-knitting these narratives, it is intended to trace the multiple layers of meanings in Panofsky's iconological terms so as to understand, then reconstruct, the urban values and intrinsic orders in the city of Suzhou.     

国际化城市解读:概念、理论与研究进展

在全球化背景下,世界城市体系逐渐形成,城市国际化也已成为当代全球经济和城市发展的主流现象.研究针对当前国内对国际化城市的理解出现偏差的问题,在对国际化城市的相关理论研究进行系统梳理的基础上,追溯国际化城市概念的发展演变,对其定义、特征.类型和相关理论进行了总结,并对当前国际化城市研究领域的主要进展进行了综述,以期揭示国...     

The city so prosperous: episodes of urban life in Suzhou

Views are the most direct means to re-configure the images of cities. Despite the cultural differences in nations of the occidental and oriental worlds, their painters and cartographers have had a strong inclination to illustrate cities as they once appeared. To understand Siena, the medieval town and its citizens' collective wishes, one could hardly overlook Ambrogio Lorenzetti's fresco of the images of Buon Governo and Mal Governo in its Palazzo Pubblico. Similarly, if one wants to understand the social and urban lives of Suzhou, China, in the eighteenth century, examining the scroll painting, Prosperous Suzhou , by Xu Yang, AD 1759, is most revealing. The painter of Prosperous Suzhou employed the scattered perspective technique to reconstruct the urban scenes in a continual visual itinerary. The images were structured upon a coherent naturalistic setting in which the essence of urban life was vividly depicted through the overlays of orchestrated events. Sharing some common characteristics of Lorenzetti's fresco, Prosperous Suzhou , in describing the city, however, translated the Chinese concept of layering in time and space most fluently into a flattened mental picture for the viewers. In this paper, I will focus on reading the urban scenes of Suzhou in the mid-eighteenth century from the scroll with reference to the surveyed cartographic records of the same period. At the same time, the techniques in representing these images and their relationships with the Chinese perception of space and time will be investigated. As a chain of memories captured in the views along the scroll, the urban experiences in Suzhou will be decoded and interpreted. By re-knitting these narratives, it is intended to trace the multiple layers of meanings in Panofsky's iconological terms so as to understand, then reconstruct, the urban values and intrinsic orders in the city of Suzhou.