IPv6中RIPng协议的一致性测试研究与实践

协议的一致性测试是保证协议实现正确高效的重要手段。在介绍RIPng协议的基础上,提出了适合RIPng一致性测试的多端口的测试结构,采用适用于中继系统的穿越式测试法,设计了RIPng一致性测试集及相应的参考实现,并在CNGI骨干网设备选型中对7款路由器进行了测试实践。     

虚拟试验软件平台技术的研究与展望

军工试验与测试技术正在向着综合化、虚拟化、通用化、智能化和网络化的方向发展,在这过程中,虚拟试验成为与实物试验并重的一种新的军工产品研制试验途径;虚拟试验软件平台技术是搭建虚拟试验验证系统的核心技术,也是当前虚拟试验验证技术的研究重点之一;以试验与训练使能体系结构(TENA)为代表的国外主流虚拟试验软件平台的发展历程为背景,总结了国外虚拟试验软件平台技术发展所带来的启示,并分析了国内虚拟试验软件平台技术的研究现状,指出了构建虚拟试验平台所涉及的关键技术;在此基础上,提出了进一步深化我国虚拟试验软件平台技术研究和应用的建议.     

A choice relation framework for supporting category-partition test case generation

We describe in this paper a choice relation framework for supporting category-partition test case generation. We capture the constraints among various values (or ranges of values) of the parameters and environment conditions identified from the specification, known formally as choices. We express these constraints in terms of relations among choices and combinations of choices, known formally as test frames. We propose a theoretical backbone and techniques for consistency checks and automatic deductions of relations. Based on the theory, algorithms have been developed for generating test frames from the relations. These test frames can then be used as the basis for generating test cases. Our algorithms take into consideration the resource constraints specified by software testers, thus maintaining the effectiveness of the test frames (and hence test cases) generated.     

Similarity-based prioritization of test case automation

The importance of efficient software testing procedures is driven by an ever increasing system complexity as well as global competition. In the particular case of manual test cases at the system integration level, where thousands of test cases may be executed before release, time must be well spent in order to test the system as completely and as efficiently as possible. Automating a subset of the manual test cases, i.e, translating the manual instructions to automatically executable code, is one way of decreasing the test effort. It is further common that test cases exhibit similarities, which can be exploited through reuse when automating a test suite. In this paper, we investigate the potential for reducing test effort by ordering the test cases before such automation, given that we can reuse already automated parts of test cases. In our analysis, we investigate several approaches for prioritization in a case study at a large Swedish vehicular manufacturer. The study analyzes the effects with respect to test effort, on four projects with a total of 3919 integration test cases constituting 35,180 test steps, written in natural language. The results show that for the four projects considered, the difference in expected manual effort between the best and the worst order found is on average 12 percentage points. The results also show that our proposed prioritization method is nearly as good as more resource demanding meta-heuristic approaches at a fraction of the computational time. Based on our results, we conclude that the order of automation is important when the set of test cases contain similar steps (instructions) that cannot be removed, but are possible to reuse. More precisely, the order is important with respect to how quickly the manual test execution effort decreases for a set of test cases that are being automated.     

基于遗传算法测试用例集极小化研究

提出了一种应用于软件回归测试过程中的基于遗传算法的最小化测试用例集算法模型。该算法针对在软件回归测试过程中,测试套间内的测试用例间往往存在着重复覆盖测试需求的情况,因而测试套间中将存在着大量的冗余测试用例,将测试用例与测试需求之间的覆盖关系模型转化为集覆盖模型。然后利用遗传算法强大的全局搜索能力,优化在极小化的测试用例空间,较低的测试成本条件下,覆盖回归测试需求。并通过对算法的仿真结果进行分析表明,该算法较一般的优优化算法具有更高算法性能与效率。     

探空火箭有效载荷集成测试系统设计与实现

介绍了应用于探空火箭有效载荷集成测试的系统设计方案,描述了测试系统硬件平台和软件架构,对设计与实现方法进行了分析和阐述。探空火箭成功发射的经验表明,系统满足探空火箭有效载荷的集成测试需求,具有较好的通用性及可扩展性,从而为探空火箭型号的系统测试与验证以及相关测试设备的系列化、通用化和标准化提供了一定的借鉴。     

On the order of test goals in specification-based testing

Model-based testing techniques often select test cases according to test goals such as coverage criteria or mutation adequacy. Complex criteria and large models lead to large test suites, and a test case created for one coverage item usually covers several other items as well. This can be problematic if testing is expensive and resources are limited. Therefore, test case generation can be optimized in order to avoid unnecessary test cases and minimize the test generation and execution costs. Because of this optimization the order in which test goals are selected is expected to have an impact on both the performance of the test case generation and the size of resulting test suites, although finding the optimal order is not feasible in general. In this paper we report on experiments to determine the effects of the order in which test goals are selected on performance and the size of resulting test suites, and evaluate different heuristics to select test goals such that the time required to generate test suites as well as their size are minimized. The test case generation approach used for experimentation uses model checkers, and experimentation shows that good results can be achieved with any random ordering, but some improvement is still possible with simple heuristics.     

Android手机自动化性能测试工具的研究与开发

针对手机性能测试中效率低、工作量大等问题,提出自动化性能测试的方法,并运用这一方法设计了Android平台手机性能测试的FLEX-ANDROID工具。对这一工具的组成结构和测试脚本的编写进行了详细研究,并且对如何计算和生成测试结果进行了分析说明。通过使用自行研发的FLEX-ANDROID工具进行自动化测试,并将自动化测试所花时间和手动测试时间进行对比,结果表明,自动测试速度大约为手动测试速度的3倍。这表明FLEX-ANDROID工具能够有效提升测试工作效率,大幅度缩减测试时间,减少测试工作的重复劳动。     

一种面向增量式开发的虚拟单元测试框架

单元测试的目标是检验程序模块的正确性,从而为集成测试、系统测试提供符合预期效果的部件。随着对软件质量保证的要求提高,许多单元测试的技术已相继提出。但由于软件运行环境复杂度不断增加以及软件测试技术与软件工程的结合日益紧密,对单元测试框架技术的研究有了新的需求。论文结合国际软件测试标准,讨论了面向增量式开发的虚拟单元测试框架组成,给出了一个能够提高软件弹性,保证软件质量,测试环境独立、简单的单元测试解决方案。     

固体火箭发动机振动试验夹具优化分析与研究

通过相同激励条件下对3种典型振动试验夹具进行宽频段随机振动试验分析,发现夹具在试验频段内出现不同程度的共振现象,过试验现象严重;通过3种典型振动试验夹具质量、一阶固有频率、位移变化量及应变变化量等数据对比、分析,得出影响振动试验夹具振动传递特性的主要因素,以影响因素为优化变量,以典型部位平均响应与输入的振动传递比为优化目标,进行拓扑优化设计,最终经过夹具振动试验验证,过试验情况得到有效控制,满足相关规范要求,为固体火箭发动机振动试验控制提供保障。     

Comparison of firefighters and non-firefighters and the test methods used regarding the effects of personal protective equipment on individual mobility

The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the current pilot test method and ascertain reliable measurements for a standard test method of mobility with personal protective equipment (PPE), such as physical performance and balance ability tests; 2) to compare two participant groups (firefighters versus non-firefighters) and to investigate whether non-firefighters are appropriate as a standard participant group in the field of PPE or not. Totally, 18 participants (nine professional firefighters and nine untrained males) performed the current pilot test method consisting of a balance test, completed prior to and after a performance test. Significant differences were found between PPE conditions and CON (the control clothing ensemble: T-shirt, shorts, and running shoes) for the functional balance test, physical performance test, heart rate, and subjective evaluations in firefighters group. Therefore, the present pilot test method is valid as a standard test method for assessing mobility while wearing PPE. Moreover, the present result shows that firefighters are more reliable than non-firefighters in testing of PPE with current test methods.     

航空总线通用测试方法研究及应用

目前飞机航电系统中应用着多种航空总线,但是总线测试没有完整、规范和通用的方法及严格的标准;在分析总线测试的要求以及所存在困难的基础上,提出了航空总线通用测试方法,涵盖了总线测试的主要内容;为了验证所提出的方法,将数据传输测试和电气性能测试方法应用于实时综合航电测试系统,该系统在地面交联实验中对1553B总线进行了测试,达到测试要求,验证了航空总线通用测试方法具有可行性和可靠性。     

伺服机构动态特性测试系统设计

动态测试是导弹伺服机构的一项重要测试,测试结果能够从本质上反映出系统性能的真实状态。针对传统电液伺服机构动态测试存在测试装备体积大、测试时间长等不足,本文设计完成了一种新型导弹伺服机构动态测试系统。通过对比分析电液伺服机构现有的正弦相关分析法、谱分析法、基于多谐差相信号测试方法和基于chirp信号测试方法的测试原理和优缺点,优选出重复性好且能够对伺服机构频带充分覆盖的chirp信号作为测试激励,显著缩短了伺服机构测试时间,充分激励出被测对象模态,完成导弹伺服机构的动态性能测试任务。伺服机构动态测试系统设计采用PCI总线技术和虚拟仪器技术,基于研华IPC-610L工控机和PCI-1706U多功能数据采集卡搭建测试平台;选择面向对象的C#语言编程设计友好的人机交互界面,实现数据采集控制、数据处理和数据库管理功能。     

一种在线测试集约减方法

针对测试集约减问题,提出一种在线测试用例集约减方法。将测试集约减嵌入测试生成流程内,作为测试生成的重要步骤,为测试生成提供筛选测试序列和测试约束的作用;同时测试生成过程恰好为测试集约减提供了测试序列与测试目标之间的满足关系,避免因测试需求之间复杂满足关系产生的冗余。与现有的测试生成方法进行比较,结果表明本文方法可以有效地提高测试集约减的效率和效果。     

基于B/S架构的网络化可配置综合测试平台实现与应用

为解决电子装备在研制生产过程中普遍存在的测试设备通用性差、测试过程管理缺失等共性问题,改变当前单机测试孤立的测试作业模式,在进行测试标准库建设的基础上,参照物联网设计思维,网络化可配置综合测试平台基于B/S架构实现,将测试对象、测试仪器作为物联网中的传感节点来进行采集控制,结合可配置共性测试技术与信息集成技术,在网页上统一实现了测试任务管理、测试文件配置、测试用例执行、测试结果评估,实现了电子装备的各个测试阶段的联网检测与集成管理;测试平台形成了基于测试知识积累的高效测试产出能力,可缩短测试开发周期,提高测试效率与仪器利用率,提高测试数据利用维度,加强计划与质量管理,为电子装备的全生命周期管理提供重要支撑。     

基于FSM的测试用例生成算法

研究了基于FSM模型的测试用例自动生成算法来验证实现的FSM与规格FSM的一致性。基于状态机分解的思想提出了新的用例生成方法,DC-方法。相对其他通用方法而言,它不必依据测试树中所有的子路径集合,从而使得用例集减少,同时减少每次重置到初始态的次数,测试序列的长度也有所减少,节省了测试时间,提高了效率,并且具有良好的扩展性,可以方便应用于包含数据流的测试,只需在搜索到所有的DU-Path后直接经过运算就能得出测试用例。并给出了生成用例方法的正确性证明。     

Testing and built-in self-test – A survey

As the density of VLSI circuits increases it becomes attractive to integrate dedicated test logic on a chip. This built-in self-test (BIST) approach not only offers economic benefits but also interesting technical opportunities with respect to hierarchical testing and the reuse of test logic during the application of the circuit.Starting with an overview of test problems, test applications and terminology this survey reviews common test methods and analyzes the basic test procedure. The concept of BIST is introduced and discussed, BIST strategies for random logic as well as for structured logic are shown.     

The Cartesian Test for Automatism1

In Part V of his Discourse on the Method, Descartes introduces a test for distinguishing people from machines that is similar to the one proposed much later by Alan Turing. The Cartesian test combines two distinct elements that Keith Gunderson has labeled the language test and the action test. Though traditional interpretation holds that the action test attempts to determine whether an agent is acting upon principles, I argue that the action test is best understood as a test of common sense. I also maintain that this interpretation yields a stronger test than Turing's, and that contemporary artificial intelligence should consider using it as a guide for future research.     

Web应用测试集成环境的研究与设计

提出了Web应用的层次化测试方法,设计并实现了Web应用测试集成环境,该环境面向科学数据库系统平台软件测试的需要,对测试需求管理、测试脚本生成、自动化测试执行、测试报告生成等任务进行了集中化的处理.