小波变换在故障诊断中的应用

小波变换是一种日益获得广泛应用的信号分析方法。介绍了小波变换基本原理和利用小波变化来检测信号的奇异特征的原理，证实了小波变化在检测奇异信号方面的有效性。结果表明基于小波变换的去噪方法是非常有效的。     

基于小波变换的信号奇异点检测

小波技术是有效的信号处理手段。简要介绍了小波变换及小波变换在奇异点检测中的具体应用。     

BSS与Morlet小波变换在轴承声学故障诊断中的研究

声音信号的测试与分析是滚动轴承故障检测与诊断的一种新方法,但其信噪比较低,因此提出了基于盲源分离技术和自适应Morlet小波变换诊断轴承声学信号故障的新方法。首先利用小波包将单通道的声音信号分离成2个虚拟通道的声音信号,再用盲源分离技术将信号进行源信号的提取,然后利用最小Shannon熵对Morlet小波的形状参数进行优化,找到与所测声音信号特征成份最匹配的小波,再对小波系数矩阵进行奇异值分解,通过奇异值与变化尺度的关系曲线得到最佳小波变换尺度,最后对滚动轴承故障信号进行Morlet小波变换进行故障特征提取。结果表明:该方法能有效地从强噪声背景下提取出轴承声学信号的故障。     

小波变换在故障诊断中表征信号奇异点的应用

在工业控制系统中,设备故障信号多是突变性的。采用小波变换这种全新的时频分析方法能有效检测系统信号的奇异点,进而提取出故障信息。实验证明,小波变换在故障诊断中具有优越性。     

基于小波分析的切削力信号奇异性检测

利用小波变换模的极大值和信号奇异点的关系,分析了用Lip指数来描述的切削力信号局部奇异性.通过观察奇异点的位置等信息得到切削刀具的磨损情况.通过对实际刀具磨损的在线监测数据分析,证明了采用小波变换检测刀具磨损这一方法的有效性.     

基于小波变换的埋地钢质管道外覆盖层缺陷定位技术研究

对小波变换检测信号奇异性理论进行阐述.以DCVG/CIPS组合仪器检测数据为对象,利用小波变换对阴极保护埋地管道通电电位、断电电位和电压梯度检测信号进行处理,根据小波变换模极大值对应着信号奇异点理论,实现了覆盖层缺陷点位置的准确定位.实验表明,该方法定位准确,具有一定的实用性.     

小波分析在机械故障诊断中奇异点检测的应用

机械信号中的奇异点夹杂在原始故障信号中,一般不易观察,利用小波变换可以准确地检测到非平稳机械信号中奇异点的位置,为故障诊断的进一步分析提供有效依据。利用MATLAB软件对原始信号仿真进行小波分析,并准确地检测出信号中奇异点出现的时间和位置。     

奇异值分解对连续Morlet小波变换的压缩和提纯

研究连续Morlet小波变换矩阵行矢量的线性相关性,这种相关性使得连续Morlet小波变换的结果存在很大的冗余,利用奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition,SVD)来压缩这种冗余性。理论分析表明,SVD技术可以将连续Morlet小波变换矩阵的信息完全压缩到少数的非零奇异值及其对应的正交奇异矢量中,分析压缩前后数据量的比例,证实矩阵维数越大,压缩效果越好。研究确定性信号和噪声的连续Morlet小波变换结果的奇异值的分布特点,发现确定性信号的有效奇异值数量由信号中的频率数量决定,有效奇异值之后的奇异值会很快地下降到零,而噪声的奇异值序列的变化比较均匀,下降速度比较缓慢。利用确定性信号和噪声奇异值的这种差异,可以实现对含噪信号的连续Morlet小波变换结果的提纯,只要选择前面合适的奇异值进行SVD重构,大部分噪声奇异值的信息会被抛弃,因而可在很大程度上消除噪声对连续Morlet小波变换结果的影响。     

小波变换在电缆故障精确定位中的应用

将小波变换模极大值对检测信号奇异点的理论应用于检测脉冲反射信号,实现电缆故障的定性定位.重点分析了小波变换在强噪声中提取信号,再现信号突变点方面的优越性.仿真表明它能有效去噪、准确定位脉冲反射信号,有利于提高信道故障定位精度.     

时频等高图在旋转机械振动故障信号检测中的应用

提出用基于Morlet小波变换的时频等高图检测信号中奇异性的方法。旋转机械某些故障发生时将产生具有奇异性的非平稳信号，检没出振动信号中的奇异性对于设备状态监测和故障早期诊断很有意义。小波变换在时域和频域内同时具有局部化能力，是分析故障信号奇异性的有利工具，为旋转机械故障检测提供了新思路。文中通过对仿真的旋转机械转子各类振动突变信号进行分析，说明Morlet小波时频等高图能直观表示信号中的微弱奇异成分，可以有效提取信号中的微弱奇异特征。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.