TiO2薄膜制备及其气敏特性

NO2是一种强毒性气体,本文利用了溶胶一凝胶法在硅片及陶瓷管上制备TiO2纳米薄膜,并探讨了在制备过程中不同的因素对薄膜成膜质量的影响。并用马弗炉对硅片及陶瓷管上制备的TiO2纳米薄膜进行不同温度的退火处理。对其分别进行XRD的分析,和原子力显微镜分析。利用气敏测试系统对不同的退火温度下的气敏元件进行测试。研制出工作温度低,气敏特性强,响应恢复特性好的基于TiO2的NO2气敏传感器。     

掺Pt的SnO2薄膜气敏特性研究

用直流磁控溅射法分别在si（111）基片及陶瓷基片上制备掺有Pt的Sn02薄膜,并进行500℃～700℃退火处理,对掺杂前后的薄膜进行XRD分析,测试各掺杂样品气敏特性。500℃退火后,掺杂样品对各种有机气体有较高的灵敏度,随着溅射时间的延长,气敏特性提高。700℃退火后,45min溅射的样品对氨气有很高的灵敏度和很好的选择性,最佳工作温度为220℃左右。随着掺杂时间延长,气敏特性降低。     

TiO_2系薄膜型氧敏材料的研究与发展综述

介绍了TiO2薄膜型氧敏材料的特性、氧敏机理及发展优势。就TiO2薄膜型氧敏材料的制备新方法和几种新型TiO2系薄膜以及相应的氧敏性能等重要方面进行了探讨,并对今后的研究与发展方向提出几点建议。     

一种便携式TiO2薄膜乙醇气敏传感器的研制

研制了一种适合于乙醇检测的新型TiO2基薄膜气敏传感器.敏感材料是采用直流磁控反应溅射法制备在Al2O3陶瓷管上的TiO2薄膜,薄膜经过退火处理(500℃、3 h)后,得到对乙醇蒸汽具有很好选择性和灵敏度的锐钛矿相TiO2,其最佳工作温度为270℃左右,响应时间2 s,恢复时间3 s.测量电路采用以ARM7为核的LPC2131微控制器实时监测电源电压,自动调整占空比,从而实现对加热温度的精确控制.通过测量敏感薄膜的电阻,并与乙醇气体浓度进行校准,最终显示被测气体的浓度.整个传感器采用低功耗设计,具备报警功能,同时提供了一个友好的用户界面.     

纳米TiO2敏感特性的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法成功的制备了纳米TiO2粉末,研究了工艺条件对纳米TiO2物相的影响,利用已经制备好的纳米TiO2粉末制备出了纳米TiO2氧敏元件,并对纳米TiO2敏感元件的电阻-温度特性、敏感特性、掺杂与电阻的关系等进行了测试.结果表明,实验制备的纳米TiO2敏感元件具有较好的氧敏特性,而且掺杂可以有效地降低元件的电阻率并可显著地改善元件的电阻-温度特性.     

纳米WO_3薄膜的光学性质及氢敏特性研究

采用磁控直流溅射法制备出纳米WO3薄膜,在N2气中进行退火处理。采用分光光度计、XRD等对退火前后的WO3薄膜进行了光学特性的分析。研究表明:在623 K进行退火处理的薄膜均匀、致密,呈现出较好的结晶态。采用光源激发对纯WO3薄膜在不同温度条件下的氢敏特性进行了研究,实验显示:WO3薄膜对H2的敏感性与温度有关,在348 K温度条件下,WO3薄膜的氢敏效应最好。     

TiO2薄膜氧敏元件的研究与发展

综述了TiO2氧敏传感器的发展概况、氧敏机理，并对以不同方法制备的TiO2氧敏器件性能进行了比较，分析了如何提高氧传感器的性能，并对TiO2氧敏传感器今后的发展和研究提出了几点建议。     

SnO2超微粒薄膜气敏元件的研制与测试

用射频磁控反应溅射法在Si基片上沉积SnO_2超微粒薄膜,溅射过程中适量掺Pd,用IC技术制成气敏元件.实验结果表明:该元件在90℃左右时对氢气有极高的灵敏度,是一种薄膜化、集成化、高选择性的气敏元件.本文介绍薄膜制备、微观结构分析、元件设计及气敏特性测试.     

直流反应磁控溅射WO3薄膜气敏特性研究

用直流反应磁控溅射法制成纳米结构的WO3薄膜气敏传感器,通过XRD,SEM和XPS对该薄膜的晶体结构和化学成分进行分析,研究了不同基片上制备的WO3薄膜的氨敏特性与薄膜厚度、退火温度的关系.实验得到的薄膜粒径大小约30-50 nm,结果表明:在未抛光的三氧化二铝基片上沉积厚度为40 nm的WO3薄膜,经过400℃退火,在体积分数为5×10-5 NH3中的灵敏度达到300,而且气体选择性好,响应-恢复时间短,可以作为理想的氨敏元件.     

退火处理对Ti-WO_3薄膜的结构和气敏特性的影响

用X射线衍射和透射电镜表征了直流磁控溅射法制得的Ti-WO3薄膜的晶型、晶格常数、粒径等。研究了退火对Ti-WO3薄膜气敏性质和微结构的影响,找出了最佳退火温度和工作温度;并对机理进行了分析。结果表明:450℃退火的薄膜的气敏效应很好,最佳工作温度在150℃左右;     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。