全负载蜂窝网络下多复用D2D通信功率分配算法研究

针对全负载蜂窝网络中D2D通信的功率分配问题,该文提出了一种基于非合作完全信息博弈纳什均衡解的多复用D2D通信功率分配算法。以优先保证蜂窝用户通信质量与D2D用户接入率为前提,设置D2D通信系统上行链路帧结构,之后建立非合作完全信息博弈系统模型,引入定价机制到功率分配博弈模型中并分析纳什均衡解的存在性与唯一性,最后给出该模型的分布式迭代求解算法。仿真结果表明,随着D2D用户复用数量的增加,该算法在提升系统吞吐量的同时,能有效地控制系统内部干扰,大幅度降低系统总能耗。     

基于非合作博弈论的多小区OFDMA系统动态资源分配算法研究

该文采用非合作博弈论的方法研究了多小区OFDMA系统中的动态资源分配问题,首先将各基站的发射功率平均分配给各子载波,然后由所有小区在每个子载波上独立地进行资源分配博弈,给出了用户调度与功率分配联合博弈框架。为了进一步简化,将用户调度和资源分配分开完成,通过将信道增益引入到定价函数中,提出了一种新的定价机制,建立了用户确定时的非合作功率分配博弈模型,分析了其纳什均衡的存在性和唯一性,并设计了具体的博弈算法。仿真结果表明,所提算法在保证吞吐量性能的同时,进一步提升了系统的公平性。     

一种提高小区边缘用户性能的多用户子载波功率分配策略

在OFDMA系统中,小区边缘用户由于受到来自相邻小区的同频干扰,通信质量严重下降.有效地抑制小区间干扰,极大地提升无线网络性能尤其是小区边缘用户性能是5G移动通信系统的目标之一.基于速率自适应(RA)准则提出了一种提高小区边缘用户性能的子载波和功率的联合资源分配算法,该算法分为子载波分配和混合功率分配两步,在提高小区边缘用户性能的同时,最大化链路吞吐量.仿真结果表明,小区边缘用户吞吐量增益为25％以上,混合功率分配下的系统吞吐量逼近全部用户使用注水法时的系统吞吐量,并且降低了运算复杂度.     

5G移动网络中终端直连方式下用户发送功率自适应优化方法

作为对传统移动通信网络的有力补充,终端直连(device to device,D2D)的概念被引入未来5G移动通信网络中.为了解决D2D方式中无基站中转的通信问题及非基站控制用户无序发送所带来的复杂干扰环境及覆盖盲区情况下发送资源的自适应优化分配问题,提出了一种基于博弈理论与模糊逻辑理论的发送功率自适应分配算法,用以充分利用系统的功率与频谱资源,同时降低功率分配对其他用户产生的干扰影响.通过对计算机仿真结果的分析,提出的算法相对于传统的平均功率分配算法及分布式注水算法有一定的性能提高.     

MIMO-OFDM系统功率分配研究

MIMO(多入多出系统)和OFDM(正交频分复用)技术是未来无线通信的关键技术.与单入单出系统相比,MIMO在不增加带宽的情况下增加了频谱的利用率,从而增大了无线通信系统的容量,改善了无线通信系统的性能.本文介绍了传统的自适应功率分配算法,提出了一种新的最大化SNR的调和平均值的MIMO-OFDM功率分配算法(HARM算法),仿真结果表明,该算法的性能比传统算法的性能有很大的改善.     

认知无线电网络中基于随机学习博弈的信道分配与功率控制

传统的认知无线电频谱分配算法往往忽略节点的传输功率对网络干扰的影响,且存在节点间交互成本高的问题.为此,通过量化传输功率等级,以最大化弹性用户收益为目标,构建联合频谱分配与功率控制非合作博弈模型,证明了该博弈为严格潜在博弈且收敛到纳什均衡点.进一步,将随机学习理论引入博弈模型,提出了基于随机学习的策略选择算法,并给出了该算法收敛到纯策略纳什均衡点的充分条件及严格证明.仿真结果表明,所提算法在少量信息交互前提下能获得较高的传输速率,并提升用户满意度.     

红外无线系统的变步长自适应功率分配算法

红外无线通信系统中,为了在功率和误码率一定的限制下进一步提高系统容量,提出了一种新的变步长自适应功率分配算法,该算法以每比特分配功率的代价最小为原则(一次可分配多个比特)来选择最佳的调制技术.分析了其速度原理,并在建立模型的基础上,通过仿真研究了新算法的系统性能,并与理想注水算法以及传统的简单速率量化算法进行比较.仿真...     

基于感知无线电非合作博弈功率控制算法的研究

本文基于Goodman提出的非合作博弈功率控制模型改进了代价函数。针对感知无线电系统（CR）中各用户的通信需求,采用多载波码分多址（MC-CDMA）感知无线电系统,解决感知用户对主用户干扰和通信中断等问题,为实现感知频谱资源的有效分配,提出了一种新的感知无线电系统功率控制博弈算法。通过仿真表明,该算法同几种经典算法相比,既满足不同种类用户SIR要求,又提高了系统吞吐量,实现了对不同用户发射功率的有效控制,且系统性能明显提高。     

用于慢速动态信道分配的热点小区簇衍生算法

针对TD-SCDMA系统现有慢速动态信道分配算法的不足,提出了一种热点小区簇衍生算法.该算法通过热点小区不断衍生的方式形成多小区系统模型,解决了热点小区簇的判别和扩展问题,提高了系统容量.仿真结果表明:热点小区簇衍生算法适用于不同的业务分布模型,相对于热点小区算法,系统资源利用率提高了3.8%.     

MIMO-OFDM系统自适应高效功率分配

基于注水算法和Campello算法的基本思想,提出了一种新的多输入多输出-正交频分复用（MIMO-OFDM）系统自适应混合高效功率分配算法。该算法先基于注水算法采用速率最大化准则计算开关信道的临界值,并对功率进行一次分配,然后基于Campello算法对剩余功率进行再次分配。仿真表明：此高效算法可以实现对信道子载波的功率和比特有效分配,且系统的性能比Campello算法有所改善,并且随着收发天线的增加系统性能逐渐提高。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.