Air leakage in Catalan dwellings: Developing an airtightness model and leakage airflow predictions

In this study we estimate the air leakage distribution of single-family dwellings in Catalonia and use a statistical analysis of an airtightness database for single-family dwellings in France to identify the building characteristics that have the greatest influence on airtightness. The most significant variables are found to be the structure type, the floor area, the age of the building, the number of stories and the insulation type. A multiple linear regression technique is then applied to establish a predictive model for deriving an estimated value of airtightness from these characteristics. To estimate the infiltration airflow, a stochastic simulation of the building characteristics was performed per census tract using real data on the distributions of building variables taken from the census information. The model is then applied to determine the power law coefficient and the airtightness distribution. The predicted flow coefficients are combined with the AIM-2 model and given meteorological conditions to determine the infiltration airflow. Two sets of meteorological conditions are considered: average conditions and extreme conditions for each season.     

日本空调风管清扫业及相关研究现状

概述了日本在空调风管清扫方面的管理和实施模式、空调风管主要污染物质及其对室内空气品质影响等方面的研究成果。推荐了一些实测数据和预测评价方法，特别是施工方法和技术标准，供国内制定相应标准，发展相关产业参考。     

空调系统柔性风管压力损失特性实验与分析

介绍了柔性风管压力损失的理论模型。通过实验研究了两种常用柔性风管在全伸展状态时的压力损失,得出了它们的绝对粗糙度值。给出了柔性风管完全展开时的阻力计算图,可供工程设计时使用。     

输水隧洞渗漏的分析与修补

本文结合作者参与原水输水隧洞渗漏堵漏施工过程的项目案例,主要介绍了输水隧洞的渗漏修复技术,并结合相应的过程重点研究了施工工艺及保证措施,并对施工质量控制措施进行了探讨。     

空调系统中制冷剂泄漏浅析

通过对不同制冷剂充灌量下单元式空调机运行情况的分析表明,制冷剂泄漏对机组运行具有危害性,需要加低压保护装置.     

国脉大楼地下室风管优化设计

介绍了工程概况.基于对规范的理解,分析了地下室风管布置存在的问题,并给出了优化办法.     

土工膜缺陷渗漏引起气胀的研究

对于采用土工膜库盘防渗的平原水库,蓄水初期,土工膜缺陷渗漏,极易引起库区土工膜膜下非饱和土层中孔隙气体聚集、上升,并使土工膜产生局部隆起的气胀现象。分析了库水渗漏引起土工膜气胀变形的机理,研制了超大型专用气胀试验设备,利用渗漏区和非渗漏区气胀试验来模拟土工膜缺陷渗漏引起的气胀现象,得出①对于没有缺陷的土工膜,在地下水位不变时,水库蓄水不会产生土工膜气胀现象;②平原水库蓄水初期,土工膜缺陷渗漏,渗水可侵占原膜下砂沟的孔隙空间,封闭排气通道,产生水阻现象,并影响膜下孔隙气体从砂沟排气系统中的正常排出;③平原水库蓄水初期,土工膜缺陷渗漏,渗水接触地下水后,会挤占土工膜膜下非饱和土孔隙气体空间,并引起库区内地下水位的整体上升,促使非饱和土中孔隙气体聚集、上升,并引起土工膜产生局部隆起的鼓胀变形,表现为气胀现象。     

供热系统分时分区控制节能实测分析

针对特殊用途的公共建筑在无人情况下仍照常供暖而造成能源浪费的现状,采用分时分区控制系统对实例工程供热系统进行了节能改造.测试分析了改造后系统的节能量、整体节能效果、不同控制方案对住户温度的影响.结果表明,采用分时分区控制后供热系统节能率高达25.8％,锅炉房总节能8.7％,节能效果显著.     

风管阻尼板的设计与应用

分析了几种阻尼板的阻尼特性,介绍了阻尼板在通风空调系统中的应用,以解决实际工程中各支风管的风量平衡问题,给出了阻尼板调节装置开孔率选用图.     

空调通风风道系统的自动设计

介绍了风道系统自动设计的过程各实现自动设计的技术要点,包括管段编号和风量统计,流速配和尺寸计算,水力计算和平衡计算,输出计算结果并经系统平面施工图和轴测国科等等。     

Air water flows in building drainage systems

This paper investigates the mechanisms of two-phase flows that occur in commercial and industrial roof drainage systems. Both traditional gravity-fed and siphonic roof drainage systems are examined.

Air entrainment plays a fundamental role in the performance of siphonic roof drainage systems. In particular, air entrainment has a significant effect on:

• maximum system flowrate capacity;

• pipe friction losses;

• operational system pressures;

• operational gutter water depths; and

• ability of the system to prime.

However, experimental results presented here demonstrate that the reduction in system capacity is not directly proportional to the increase in air content. One possible explanation for this is that water and air will be affected differently by sub-atmospheric pressures. The effect air entrainment has on roof drainage performance is investigated. The ways in which air is introduced into the system are identified and the effects of different air/water ratios are quantified. Finally methods for reducing air entrainment are described.     

饰面砖外墙面渗漏分析及其防治

通过对饰面砖外窗出现渗漏现象的机理和原因分析,提出针对性的预防处理措施和事后补救方法。     

卫生间漏水原因分析及预防措施

结合工作实践，分析了卫生间漏水原因，针对性地提出了相应的预防措施并进行了具体阐述，指出卫生间施工过程中多工种穿插作业频繁，需统筹安排，统一指挥，严格把关各道工序，以保证施工质量。     

日本住宅的空调方式与设备

介绍了日本住宅建设的状况、住宅中空调设备与系统的主要方式及住宅用能源的消耗量和CO2的排放量。同时对近年来住宅环境设备的新动向和住宅空调设备的新技术作了介绍。     

窗户渗漏原因分析及防治措施

房建工程中,施工材料、设计加工、施工技术管理是影响窗户渗漏的原因,对窗户渗漏的具体原因进行深入分析,并探究窗户渗漏防治的具体措施,希望能够有效提升建筑防渗漏施工质量。     

Air flow measurement using three tracer gases

A technique is described for measuring air flows between internal zones of houses. The theory is given for measuring one- and two-directional flows and the equipment used for practical measurements is described. The tracer gases used are Freon 12, Freon 114 and BCF. Their concentrations are measured using a gas chromatograph. Specimen results of one- and two-directional air flows between a house and its roof are included. The possible applications of the method in houses are discussed.     

地下室结构渗漏原因分析及防治措施

混凝土结构的裂缝是一个较普遍的问题。目前,地下室施工或多或少会导致渗漏现象。通过对无锡地区近百个地下室工程的调查,找出地下室的渗漏部位,从设计、施工等多方面对地下室渗漏防治措施进行了研究。最后通过一个工程实例说明了所述防裂防渗措施的可行性。     

风管清洗:改善室内空气品质的有效方法

介绍了几种适用于不同空调系统的风管清洗设备以及风管清洗的工艺流程。提出了风管清洗面临的问题。分析了几个实际工程风管清洗后的测试结果。     

简单枝状风管系统计算绘图一体化设计

介绍了枝状风管系统计算绘图一体化软件的总体设计方法、数据存储结构和水力计算方法,并给出了应用实例。     

现浇混凝土楼板的渗漏分析

根据现行建筑设计和施工规范,结合自身多年施工经验,对现浇混凝土楼板的渗漏现象进行了原因分析,并分别提出针对性的预防措施,以期彻底解决现浇混凝土楼面的渗漏问题。