基于OpenGL的多臂井径仪三维成像系统的设计

文章介绍了多臂井径仪的测量原理,设计了基于OpenGL的多臂井径仪三维成像系统,详细介绍了多臂井径仪三维成像系统空间点的获得、数据的处理及软件的设计、三维重构的实现方法。从三维重构的整体效果图可以看出,该系统能准确、快捷地实现套管的三维重构,算法简捷合理。     

HCM5883L的无人机磁航向智能传感器设计

介绍了磁阻传感器和倾角传感器的工作原理,分析了无人机飞行过程中俯仰和滚动对方位角测量精度的影响,基于三轴倾角传感器ADXL335、三轴磁阻传感器HCM5883L和C8051F350单片机设计了一种新型的无人机磁方位传感器.本文基于时间的线性特征,提出了一种新型的误差校正方法,提高了方位测量精度.实验证明,该方位传感器精度较高、可靠性好,能够满足无人机方位角测量要求.     

基于LVDT传感技术的36臂数传井径仪的研制

文章详细地阐述了基于LVDT传感技术的36臂数传井径仪的设计原理、机械结构、电路设计、软件编程,测井资料的应用.着重分析了LVDT传感技术在井径仪测量系统中的应用,简要介绍了该仪器的现场应用效果.     

基于MEMS三维磁阻传感器的电子指南针的研究

介绍了一种基于MEMS的三维磁阻传感器和加速度传感器的电子指南针系统.相对于由两轴磁阻传感器制造的电子指南针,该系统能够有效补偿倾斜角产生的误差.重点介绍了该系统的测量原理、硬件设计、软件流程.通过中位置均值滤波、限幅滤波、一阶滞后滤波,最大误差控制在1°以内.实验结果表明:本系统可以满足于一般导航领域的要求.     

基于MEMS和MR传感器的嵌入式系统姿态测量

本文介绍了一种基于新型MEMS加速度计和MR(磁阻)传感器的嵌入式姿态测量系统.通过本系统,可以获得载体的三个姿态参数:基于地球磁场的方位角,基于地球重力场的俯仰角和横滚角.     

一种基于磁阻传感器的实时方向随动系统

为解决方向识别与目标实时跟踪问题,提出了一种基于磁阻传感器和加速度传感器的实时方向随动系统。首先介绍了基于磁阻传感器的实时方向随动原理,然后分别从硬件结构和软件流程两方面对系统设计进行了相应的描述,最后通过在智能轮椅上的应用实践,验证了系统的可行性和实用性。测量分析表明,该系统具有抗干扰能力强、响应速度快以及能耗低等优势。     

基于磁阻传感芯片阵列的磁导引AGV传感器设计

介绍了一种基于磁阻传感芯片设计的通用磁导引自动导航小车(AGV)传感器.根据测量得到的磁导引AGV使用磁条的磁场分布,提出使用磁阻传感芯片HMC1021组成线阵的测量方案,并设计了硬件电路.利用不同标定位置的磁阻传感芯片的输出结果,拟合磁场强度与芯片标定位置的二次函数关系,计算得到磁条中心与传感器中心的横向偏移距离.通过实验验证了设计的传感器的准确性,并提出减小误差的方法和改进方案.     

开关磁阻电机无位置传感器控制系统仿真

该文提出了一种基于滑模变结构观测器的无位置传感器的开关磁阻电机控制仿真模型.滑模变结构观测器主要用于开关磁阻电机的转子位置和转速估计,这种控制模型仅需要测量磁阻电机的端电压和相电流,能在取代传统位置传感器后获得较好的观测效果.该文应用Matlab/Simulink仿真环境建立了开关磁阻电机的非线性模型,设计了控制律,并在三种不同的工作情况下对观测器结构进行了数字仿真.结果表明该方法能够很好地预测电机转子位置,同时在中高速情况下,观测精度可以达到比较满意的效果.     

基于磁阻传感器的腹腔镜方向角测量系统设计

提出了一种基于三轴磁阻传感器芯片HMC5883L和以8051系列单片机为核心的多路方向角测量方法,主要应用于体内手术、微创手术等不可视环境。通过绑定在运动器械上的三轴磁阻传感器实时测量地球磁场产生的磁感应强度。利用磁偶极子模型,对测量结果数值分析、处理得到各自绑定的运动器械的方向角角度值。实验证明:这种低成本的解决方法对低速运动的器械测量具有较高稳定性和可靠性。     

用于机械臂末端感知的激光测距传感器设计

为了提高轻型机械臂的末端感知及操作能力,研制了一种用于轻型机械臂末端感知的近距离大测量范围的高集成化微小型激光测距传感器.基于三角法测距原理,以线阵CCD作为光敏感元件,以FPGA作为主控器,根据传感器分辨率的分布要求设计光学系统,使传感器具有测距范围大、测量最近距离近和测量速度快的显著优点.传感器利用光机电一体化设计思想,采用柔性PCB折叠电路、微小型光学元件和机械封装,实现了高集成化微型化设计.所研制的激光测距传感器测距范围为25mm~350mm,体积47mm×50mm×15mm,质量70 g,测量时间1 ms.实验结果表明,该测距传感器易于集成于机械臂控制系统,适用于末端感知,能够有效提高轻型机械臂末端定位精度.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.