电位滴定法测定牙膏中的氟

研究了氟的分析方法：比色法、离子色谱法、离子选择电极法。进而建立了测定牙膏中氟的新方法，利用氟离子选择电极，根据电位突跃来判断终点的电位滴定法。回收率为95％～103％，相对标准偏差RSD为0．5％～1．3％。     

离子色谱法测定电子工业用高纯盐酸中痕量硫酸根离子

电子纯试剂(高纯盐酸)是电子化学品技术领域的关键性材料,建立一种电子工业用高纯盐酸中痕量硫酸根离子含量的离子色谱检测方法,对微电子技术发展具有重要意义.在高温条件下充分蒸发浓缩样品以除去其中的氯化氢和水,采用固相萃取柱银柱和钠柱分别除去除氯离子和金属离子,用超低压浓缩柱在线预富集,高容量阴离子分析柱分离测定,实现了离子...     

砷化氢发生-离子色谱法测定炼锑中微量砷

本文建立了砷化氢发生—离子色谱法测定炼锑中微量砷的方法。用本法测得的结果与化学法相符,其测定的相对标准偏差为6.9％。     

离子电极标准加入法测定废水中氟离子抗干扰的探讨

本文探讨了离子电极标准加入法测定废水中氟离子抗干扰问题。认为该法比曲线法更简单，不受干扰离子的影响，可在各行业中推广应用。     

离子色谱法测定碳酸稀土和氯化稀土中硫酸根

前处理用P507萃取剂除去稀土离子,采用阴离子分离柱AS9 (4mm×250mm)分离,以电导检测器检测,以9.0mmol/L Na2CO3为流动相,以标准曲线法为定量方法,测定碳酸稀土和氯化稀土中硫酸根离子的含量.方法检出限为0.05μg/mL,测定下限为0.025%,硫酸根含量在2.66%时,方法的相对标准偏差为1.22%.方法操作简便、快捷,结果准确、可靠.     

IC在工业用水水质监测管理中的新进展

本文综述了离子色谱分析技术在工业供水、锅炉水、冷却水水质及新型防垢剂和缓融剂监测管理中的新进展。     

水溶液中离子的聚合对化学性能的影响

许多阳离子与阴离子在水溶液中发生聚合作用，使溶液中离子存在的状态复杂化，影响显色反应难以如期发生，滴定反应不能按化学计量等。本文对水溶液中离子发生聚合的原因、聚合态的结构，以及水溶液中离子的聚合对化学性能的影响作了较详细的讨论。     

水溶液中离子的水解对化学性能的影响

阳离子与阴离子在水溶液中一般均会发生水解，使溶液中的离子状态趋于复杂，影响滴一反应不能按化学计量进行，并使溶液中游离酸的测定困难，以及沉淀反应不完全等。文章对化学分析中怎样避免水溶液中离子水解对化学性能的影响，准确的分析作了论述。     

镉钻砷及其同类杂质离子对长周期锌电积的影响

镉离子、钴离子、砷离子是对长周期锌电积过程有重要影响的金属离子，简要介绍了它们对长周期锌电积过程的作用：镉离子对析出锌质量影响较大；钴离子对降低锌的电流效率有较为明显的作用；砷离子对降低电流效率最为剧烈。同时也分析了与它们相似离子对长周期电积锌的影响。     

离子色谱法测定氢溴酸中SO42-

氢溴酸是盐化工的重要产品,也是无氟制冷工艺等必须的化工原料及常用的化学试剂,对氢溴酸中杂质SO2-4的测定,通常采用钡盐比浊法,但灵敏度较低．应用高子色谱法测定氢溴酸中的SO2-4,具有操作简单、灵敏度高、准确度好的特点．1实验部分1．1仪器和试剂ZIC—06型离子色谱仪（青岛易通仪器研究所）;YSA—3型阴离子分离柱（核工业北京化工冶金研究院）．NaOH溶液：0．5％;洗脱液：0．boZforl几Narp。一0．0030——l几NaHCO3;SO：一标准溶液：25Pg／InL。1．2实验方法移取SInL氢淇酸于5（h烧杯中,加人0．IInLNaOH（．5％…     

C-terminal peptide sequencing via multistage mass spectrometry

Results are presented showing the ability to obtain C-terminal sequence information from peptides by multiple stages of mass spectrometry. Under typical low-energy collision-induced dissociation conditions of quadrupole ion trap and ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers, lithium- and sodium-cationized peptides dissociate predominantly by reaction at the C-terminal peptide bond or an adjacent bond. For the majority of cases studied, the dominant reaction is a rearrangement process that results in the loss of the C-terminal residue and formation of a product ion that is one amino acid shorter than the original peptide ion. Using the multistage MS/MS capabilities of quadrupole ion trap and ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers, a subsequent stage of MS/MS can be performed to determine the identity of the new C-terminal residue. Up to eight stage of MS/MS have been performed with both quadrupole ion trap and ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers. In general, the same dissociation pathways are observed with both instruments, although occasionally there are significant differences in the branching ratios of competing pathways.     

(In)validity of the constant field and constant currents assumptions in theories of ion transport

Constant electric fields and constant ion currents are often considered in theories of ion transport. Therefore, it is important to understand the validity of these helpful concepts. The constant field assumption requires that the charge density of permeant ions and flexible polar groups is virtually voltage independent. We present analytic relations that indicate the conditions under which the constant field approximation applies. Barrier models are frequently fitted to experimental current-voltage curves to describe ion transport. These models are based on three fundamental characteristics: a constant electric field, negligible concerted motions of ions inside the channel (an ion can enter only an empty site), and concentration-independent energy profiles. An analysis of those fundamental assumptions of barrier models shows that those approximations require large barriers because the electrostatic interaction is strong and has a long range. In the constant currents assumption, the current of each permeating ion species is considered to be constant throughout the channel; thus ion pairing is explicitly ignored. In inhomogeneous steady-state systems, the association rate constant determines the strength of ion pairing. Among permeable ions, however, the ion association rate constants are not small, according to modern diffusion-limited reaction rate theories. A mathematical formulation of a constant currents condition indicates that ion pairing very likely has an effect but does not dominate ion transport.     

Ion-plasma protective coatings for gas-turbine engine blades

Evaporated, diffusion, and evaporation—diffusion protective and hardening multicomponent ionplasma coatings for turbine and compressor blades and other gas-turbine engine parts are considered. The processes of ion surface treatment (ion etching and ion saturation of a surface in the metallic plasma of a vacuum arc) and commercial equipment for the deposition of coatings and ion surface treatment are analyzed. The specific features of the ion-plasma coatings deposited from the metallic plasma of a vacuum arc are described, and the effect of the ion energy on the phase composition of the coatings and the processes occurring in the surface layer of an article to be treated are discussed. Some properties of ion-plasma coatings designed for various purposes are presented. The ion surface saturation of articles made from structural materials is shown to change the structural and phase states of their surfaces and, correspondingly, the related properties of these materials (i.e., their heat resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue strength, and so on).     

废锂离子动力电池三元正极材料回收研究进展

随着锂电行业的发展,废锂离子动力电池也逐渐增多,为保护环境、缓解金属资源需求紧张的局面,需对废锂离子动力电池中的有价元素进行回收。分别从正极材料分离、浸出、有价金属分离、合成前驱体等方面论述了废锂离子动力电池三元正极材料回收研究现状,并分析了废锂离子动力电池三元正极材料回收优缺点,展望了废锂离子动力电池三元正极材料回收的研究方向。     

Phenotype variation and newcomers in ion channel disorders

Ion channels are part of a large family of macromolecules whose functions include the control and maintenance of electrical potential across cell membranes, secretion and signal transduction. Close inspection of the physiological processes involved in channel function and the secondary structure of various ion channels has served as a basis for subdividing ion channels into a number of superfamilies. The voltage-gated ion channels are one of these superfamilies. Recent work has shown that mutations in various ion channel genes are responsible for a number of neuromuscular and neurological disorders. Correlation of the various mutations with the clinical phenotype is providing us with insight into the pathophysiology of these channel proteins. Interestingly, different mutations within the same gene may cause quite distinct clinical disorders, while mutations in different channel genes may result in very similar phenotypes (genetic heterogeneity). Examples of phenotypic variation and genetic heterogeneity are presented in the context of the periodic paralytic disorders of skeletal muscle, episodic ataxia, migraine, long QT syndrome and paroxysmal dyskinesia. Some of these disorders are known to be caused by mutations in ion channel genes, while in the episodic movement disorders, ion channel genes are considered excellent candidate genes.     

An overview of some advanced surface technology in Russia

It is well known that the areas of technology pursued in the former Soviet Union differ from those studied in the West. This is particularly true in surface technology, where the applications of charged particles are in a very advanced phase. In the present work, developments in three areas are reviewed: cathodic arc technology, ion implantation, and pulsed intense electron and ion beams. In the first section, a cathode design needing no insulation is described as well as an efficient method of macroparticle filtering. In the second section, ion implantation is discussed in terms of advanced gas and metal ion sources, plasma ion implantation, high penetration implantation, and the so-called “long-range effect” of hardening at depth. Finally, explosive emission and its application to pulsed intense electron and ion sources is presented together with practical applications in Russia.     

混联法氧化铝生产中氯离子对生产工艺及设备运行的影响

本文首先分析了混联法氧化铝生产中杂质Cl-离子的来源,且对其在系统物料中的积累程度进行了检测,确定了Cl-离子在流程中是一个逐步累加的过程。通过对相关生产物料加入氯化钠的试验确定了Cl-离子对物料粘度、种分分解率、种分出料粒度的影响,并系统地分析了氯离子在流程中的循环积累后对氧化铝生产及设备运行的危害,最后针对我厂混联法工艺特点,探讨了去除Cl-离子的有效方法。     

Ion/ion proton transfer reactions for protein mixture analysis

Ion/ion proton transfer reactions are shown to be an effective means to facilitate the resolution of ions in electrospray mass spectrometry that differ in mass and charge but are similar in mass-to-charge ratio. Examples are shown in which a minor contaminant protein in a ribonuclease B solution is clearly apparent after ion/ion proton transfer but not in the conventional electrospray mass spectrum. A further example involving a mixture of bovine serum albumin and bovine transferrin also showed the identification of previously unnoticed "contaminant" polymer. The latter mixture also illustrated important issues in the use of the quadrupole ion trap as a reaction vessel and mass analyzer for high mass-to-charge ratio ions. The results suggest that the use of ion trap operating parameters specifically tailored for storage, ejection, detection, and mass-to-charge analysis of high mass-to-charge ratio ions can have attractive analytical figures of merit for determining mixtures of relatively high-mass proteins and, by extension, other types of high-mass biopolymers.     

Evidence for inorganic phosphate binding at nodes of Ranvier in peripheral nerves

Ferric ion is bound to different sites at nodes of Ranvier, depending on how the nerves are prepared. By immersing fresh, unfixed nerves in phosphate buffer, cacodylate buffer, or physiological saline prior to staining with ferric ion and ferrocyanide, it can be shown that binding of ferric ion to the extracellular nodal gap substance requires pretreatment with inorganic phosphate. This implies that phosphate anions are bound to the gap substance where they may then promote precipitation of ferric ion. These results call for a re-evaluation of data that depend on ferric ion binding to nodes of Ranvier. They also open the possibility that affinity for anions in general, or phosphate in particular, may be a significant feature of extracellular molecules present at nodes.     

树脂对稀土冶炼废水氨氮的吸附及动力学研究

利用离子交换树脂法对稀土冶炼废水中氨氮进行处理,考察树脂用量、时间、温度及pH等因素的影响,并进行动力学研究实验.实验结果表明：树脂用量增加、时间增加、温度升高、pH值升高均有利于提高离子交换容量;D113树脂对氨氮的离子交换过程符合二级动力学方程.