自动化如何适应 精益制造并与之协同？

精益制造通过消除劳动力、运动和加工过程中的浪费米提升能力。由于缺陷较少且通过自动化或Jidoka（也称为Autonomation自动化）来实现，因此能力也有所增加。     

Energy-efficient strategy for work node by DRAM voltage regulation in storm

Focused on the problem that traditional energy-efficient strategies never consider about the real time of data processing and transmission,models of directed acyclic graph,parallelism of instance,resource allocation for task and critical path were set up based on the features of data stream processing and the structure of storm cluster.Meanwhile,the WNDVR-storm (energy-efficient strategy for work node by dram voltage regulation in storm) was proposed according to the analysis of critical path and system performance,which included two energy-efficient algorithms aiming at whether there were any work nodes executing on the non-critical path of a topology.Finally,the appropriate threshold values fit for the CPU utilization of work node and the volume of transmitted data were determined based on the data processing and transmission constraints to dynamically regulate the DRAM voltage of the system.The experimental result shows that the strategy can reduce energy consumption effectively.Moreover,the fewer constraints are,the higher energy efficiency is.     

A Web for all reasons: uses and gratifications of Internet components for political information

This study surveyed politically interested Internet users online during the 2000 presidential election to examine their motives for using Web, bulletin boards/electronic mailing lists and chat forums for political information and to determine whether political attitudes, Internet experience and personal characteristics predict Internet use motivations. The findings indicate that each Internet component satisfies slightly different needs, which can be predicted by some political attitudes and demographics, and Internet experience. Additionally, results from this study are compared to findings from an earlier study of politically interested Web users during the 1996 presidential election.     

Bridging the spheres: political and personal conversation in public and private spaces

For some theorists, talk about politics is infrequent, difficult, divisive, and, to be efficacious, must proceed according to special rules in protected spaces. We, however, examined ordinary political conversation in common spaces, asking Americans how freely and how often they talked about 9 political and personal topics at home, work, civic organizations, and elsewhere. Respondents felt free to talk about all topics. Most topics were talked about most frequently at home and at work, suggesting that the electronic cottage is wired to the public sphere. Political conversation in most loci correlated significantly with opinion quality and political participation, indicating that such conversation is a vital component of actual democratic practice, despite the emphasis given to argumentation and formal deliberation by some normative theorists.     

Social by definition: How users define social platforms and why it matters

Social media platforms are characterized by diverse features and functions, and these facets remain in constant flux over time. This research examines how users define the central purpose of four major platforms in the United States (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat), and how such lay definitions relate to key outcomes previously associated with social media use. In Study 1, we validated self-report measures using a comparative scaling approach to capture what users view as the most defining categories of the four platforms. In Study 2, we investigated whether lay definitions of platforms relate to perceptions of social affordances and social resources. Overall, results provided evidence that defining platforms as social interaction (vs. other categories) is associated with amplified social affordances and resources. Together, the studies contribute to our understanding of how users navigate a dynamic online ecosystem, as well as how lay definitions may anchor the experiences and effects of social media.     

Laboratory computers: Their capabilities and how to make them work for you

A laboratory computer is a small- or medium-sized general-purpose machine which has been specially selected to do a particular job. Important economies as well as great computing power are achievable by matching not only the kind of machine, but also the particular set of components to the tasks at hand. For this reason, laboratory computers have become very popular. In addition to selecting the hardware, advantages can be achieved by tailoring the operating system and other general software to the situation. Enough operating systems for such computers have now been written to show how a specific system may be developed by modifying and incorporating features of existing systems and by modifying standard Programs supplied by computer manufacturers. In this way, special systems can be implemented using a reasonable amount of time and effort. This paper provides an introduction to laboratory computer operating systems to serve as a starting point for someone intending to create his own system. Specific systems for a LINC computer, and for the Honeywell DDP-224 and DDP-516 computers are described in some detail. These systems illustrate many features that have been found useful. The documentation needed to use the computer, the size of the user group, and some of the history of development are mentioned. Similar systems can be created to focus new machines on new tasks. Only current state-of-the-art programming is needed. The benefits of such specialization far outweigh the effort and costs.     

Techno-unemployment: A framework for assessing the effects of information and communication technologies on work

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Multimedia services for distant work and education in an IP/ATMenvironment

We developed, tested, and evaluated multimedia distant education applications running over an IPv6/ATM-based broadband access network. We improved the quality of service and adapted a set of distance education applications-including Digital Video Library, Virtual Workspace, and video-audio conferencing tools-to work over IPv6 and let users control the QoS