Approximate Product Life Cycle Costing Method for the Conceptual Product Design

Although the product life cycle cost (LCC) is mainly committed by early design stages, designers do not consider the costs caused in subsequent phases of life cycle. The estimating method for the product life cycle cost in early design processes has been required because of both the lack of detailed information and time for a detailed LCC for a various range of design concepts. This paper suggests an approximate LCC method that allows the designer to make comparative LCC estimation between the different product concepts. The product attributes at the conceptual design phase and LCC factors are introduced and the significant product attributes are determined by statistical analysis. Neural network algorithms are applied to estimate LCC by considering the identified product attributes as inputs and the LCC as output. Trained learning algorithms for the known characteristics of existing products will quickly give the estimation of LCC for new product concepts. The estimation for maintenance and energy costs of electronic appliances is shown as an example. The proposed method provides the good estimation for the LCC and gives the guidelines leading to cost-effective design decision-making at the early design stage.     

Product Redesign Using Value-Oriented Life Cycle Costing

A new redesign approach has been developed considering the perspective of a designer who wants to improve product performance over the whole life-cycle while simultaneously optimising costs. Product components can be identified which incur high costs compared to their functional value. In order to identify the optimisation potential, the methods of Value Analysis, Quality Function Deployment and Life Cycle Costing have been matched to each other and integrated into a comprehensive concept. Based on a case study of vehicles, this paper explains the theoretical approach and analyses for designers to optimise costs and conduct product redesign by using Value-Oriented Life Cycle Costing.     

Assembly and Disassembly Processes in Product Life Cycle Perspectives

Industrial companies change the paradigms of business operations from optimisation of manufacturing processes to optimisation of products life cycles in order to activate the value of products, taking into account the potentials of product services in all phases of each product's life. From design to the end of their life capital intensive products, like manufacturing or assembly systems, are linked to a manufacturer network by global communication systems. This network allows special services even in the phases of usage and recycling. For this new paradigm it is necessary to develop strategies, methods and technologies to manage the business processes and the information and knowledge required in all phases of a product's life and to industrialise the processes of design, assembly, usage, service and remanufacturing by disassembly and recycling. It is the objective of this paper to define the processes for management of life cycle with a focus on assembly, service and disassembly of capital intensive products.     

面向产品全生命周期的协同制造模型构建

制造业的发展需要不断创新理念。在分析我国制造业的发展需求后,探索企业在协同制造的发展方向,借助互联网+协同制造的概念,构建面向全生命周期的协同制造方案,建立起由市场信息层、设计数据层、智能制造层、售后服务层、供应链共享层等5个层组成的协同制造平台。在此基础上,分析包含商务、设计、生产、服务、供应链等5个企业工作过程的运行操作模式,获得协同制造的模型。并以装备制造业为例,分析协同制造的操作策略,为相关企业提供操作参考。     

面向多寿命周期的全域再制造升级系统

再制造升级能够高效益提升产品的综合性能,实现产品的多寿命周期循环使用,具有重要的资源、经济和社会效益,是再制造工程的重要组成部分及发展方向。建立了面向产品设计、制造、使用、再制造等多寿命周期的再制造升级全域工作内容,提出了涵盖支撑技术外围层、评估技术过渡层、实现技术核心层的三层次多寿命全域再制造升级技术内容框架,并重点给出了核心层再制造升级实现技术的主要内容;关键的实现技术为基础,进一步拓展构建了基于理论基础、工程技术和应用工具的三模块再制造升级工程理论与技术系统,明确了再制造升级的理论、技术与应用3方面应包括的实施内容;以研究的体系成果为指导,建立了机床再制造升级系统工艺流程,并开展了机床数控化再制造升级验证,升级后的机床满足了数控化和精度要求。     

基于多色图的产品全生命周期路径的建模与优化

为了分析产品在设计、制造、销售、使用和回收处理等全生命周期阶段的各种因素对质量、成本、上市时间、环境等管理和环境指标的影响,对每个阶段的各种因素等进行详细的分解,应用多色图建立产品的全生命周期路径(LCR)模型。然后通过层次分析法(AHP)对这些LCR进行评价选优,从而得到一种满足管理和环境指标要求的全生命周期优化路径,并用一次性相机作为实例证明了该方法是可行的。     

面向产品生命周期的混合可靠性分配

针对传统可靠度分配方法的局限性,提出了面向产品全生命周期的混合可靠度分配方法。该方法将比例分配法和影响因素分配法相结合,引入权重系数,利用二元对比倒数法确定权重系数,最终计算出分配数值。该方法继承了传统的比例分配法和影响因素分配法的优点,并体现了从产品全生命周期角度出发进行可靠度分配,分配的结果,最终通过实例进行了验证。     

产品开发资源优化调度系统的设计与开发

随着市场竞争的日益加剧,企业要在竞争中保持强劲竞争优势、立于不败之地就必须不断开发新产品并成功投入市场,而如何将有限的开发资源合理分配就显得越发重要.文章首先详细介绍了优化调度系统应用的关键技术及方法,然后利用信息技术与运筹学理论,设计并开发了高性能、分布式的产品开发资源调度系统,介绍了系统功能模块、网络结构和程序流程的新设计思想,并进行了实际问题的计算,结果证明了系统的可靠性和实用性,为企业在开发资源调度中提供了有益的参考与借鉴.     

集成QFD、VE、TRIZ的新产品开发系统QVTS研究

文章基于先进的设计开发理论理念,结合企业新产品开发流程及企业新产品开发的实际情况,为了提高设计效率,通过对发明问题解决理论(TRIZ)、质量功能配置理论(Quality Function Deployment-QFD)、价值工程理论(Value Engineering-VE)等设计方法的研究和应用,提出了集成QFD、VE、TRIZ理论的面向成本的新产品研究开发系统QVTS.系统规范了从设计需求分析到设计方案提出等过程的设计流程,给出了各阶段解决具体问题的方法和工具.对于实现产品设计方案的技术经济综合优化、降低产品成本和提高产品竞争力有着十分重要的意义.     

CIMS中的产品开发和设计分系统研究

以某阀门厂计算机集成制造系统（ＣＩＭＳ）为背景,详细介绍了离散型制造业ＣＩＭＳ中产品开发和设计分系统（ＤＤＳ）的主要内容,包括需求分析、结构设计、功能设计、信息设计、资源设计以及关键技术分析等,阐述了这一框架下基于ＣＩＭ哲理的ＤＤＳ的具体实现过程。     

产品分布设计系统的研究与开发

本文分析研究了分布网络环境下产品设计的问题，指出采用中间件技术足构建分布式设计系统的有效途径，并利用CORBA技术构建了产品的分布式网络化设计系统，系统中的设计模块可彼此进行信息交流，协调设计参数。通过实际运行，验证了本文所用方法和技术的有效性。     

Adaptive Modelling and Simulation of Product Development Processes

A tool for modelling and simulation of product development processes has to be able to map the specific stochastic behaviour of these processes. Taking this into consideration, the paper presents an approach to adaptive modelling and simulation using Petri nets. New to this approach is that the process model is generated dynamically at simulation run time. Based on the effective premises and boundary conditions, generic processes are selected, parameterised, and integrated as an instance into the model. Thereby, the model is adapted to its present state at simulation run time. This enhances the quality of the simulation results.     

数字化产品开发中的过程管理

分析了项目管理、流程管理和产品数据对象的生命周期管理的底层一致性和相互关系.将数字化产品开发过程的管理在粒度上分为了项目管理、流程管理和产品数据对象的生命周期管理三种,分别对应任务、活动和操作三种不同粒度的过程单元,不同粒度的过程单元使用不同策略.在此基础上建立了过程管理的模型,给出了过程管理在BITPDM系统中的初步实现,拓宽了PDM的管理范围,实现了过程和数据动态管理的集成.     

Product Platform Identification and Development for Mass Customization

This paper is mainly concerned with the Identification of an embryonic product platform from a family of products whose composition, configuration and characteristics are represented by Attributed Graphs. The problem becomes that of identifying the largest isomorphic sub-graph with the highest similarity. An algorithm is proposed for solving this problem together with several novel concepts.     

覆膜铁的产品特性及其国内外发展状况

介绍了覆膜铁的生产工艺、产品特性及发展历程,并分析了国内外覆膜铁产品的应用现状及前景。     

New Trends in Rapid Product Development

This keynote paper presents an overview of new approaches in rapid product development from the design point of view. The evolution of the market has necessitated the reduction of time-to-market, mainly because the product life cycle is shorter, but also because it is very important to proceed more rapidly from an initial conception to a mass production object. As a result of newly evolved software environments, knowledge-based systems, and product data management, processes for integrated design and manufacturing for new products have emerged. Due to this evolution of rapid prototyping technologies, it has become possible today to obtain parts representative of mass production within a very short time. This keynote paper provides an overview of the actual trends in all the components that affect the speed and efficiency of product development, in particular all the possibilities available to the designer, from the earliest stages of a product's life cycle.     

模具生产周期估计与报价方法及系统

模具的报价及交货期确定是关系到模具企业是否能够成功接到模具订单并且为企业赢得利润的关键问题。本文以注射成型模具为对象,在对模具报价及交货期确定的常用方法进行对比的基础上,提出了基于人工神经网络模型的生产周期预测方法以及模具生产成本估计的知识模型。最后通过注射成型模具定价决策支持及生产周期预测系统软件的开发及实践应用对该预测方法及知识模型进行了验证。     

PDM技术在产品开发过程中的应用

产品数据管理（PDM）技术可以对产品相关信息以及产品相关过程进行管理和控制。文章论述了PDM技术的主要功能以及基于PDM技术的产品开发过程,指出产品结构与配置管理是PDM及CAD、CAE、CAM集成的基础。文章尝试将PDM技术应用于潜油螺杆泵采油系统设计中,通过创建产品结构树实现对产品及其零部件的管理和操作。应用实践表明,在产品开发过程中灵活运用PDM技术可以实现产品信息的有效管理并提高产品开发效率。     

面向并行产品开发的铝型材集成产品知识模型研究

将并行工程思想应用于铝型材产品开发中 ,提出了铝型材集成产品知识模型。该模型可满足集成系统在新产品开发中对产品全生命周期的信息需求 ,同时具有开放式层次化结构 ,可支持由抽象到具体、由模糊到精确的概念设计和详细设计过程 ,满足系统的创新性和扩展性需求 ,并对基于集成产品知识模型和STEP标准的信息交换实现方法进行了研究。