热管废热溴化锂制冷机的优化设计

热管废热溴化锂制冷机是集烟气废热回收与制冷于一体的新型设备,目前对其设计还停留在传统设计方法上。为了使热管废热溴化锂制冷机的结构参数达到最优,对热管废热发生器和溴化锂制冷机分别以传热系数最大和总传热面积最小为目标函数建立了优化计算模型,并编写了优化设计程序,将得出的结果与优化前数据进行了比较,经分析表明热管废热溴化锂制冷机的结构得到了优化,性能得到了提高,验证了该优化设计的实用性。     

柴油机废烟气驱动的热管LiBr制冷机的分析

工业过程中的废热排放造成了可用能的损失 ,又造成热污染和环境污染。针对一种利用热管回收废热的LiBr制冷机 ,采用柴油机烟气废热制冷实测后 ,对该系统的实测结果进行了火用分析 ,分析结果表明了这种新型废热LiBr制冷机有效利用了柴油机烟气余热 ,提高了系统的火用效率     

利用烟气废热的LiBr制冷液化粗CO_2节能新工艺

二氧化碳液化是衔接碳捕集与封存利用(CCSU)的重要环节。传统的低温液化工艺,操作温度低于–20℃,为避免水结冰冻堵,脱水预处理过程复杂、制冷能耗高,显著增加了CCSU的成本。对此,本研究提出利用烟气废热的LiBr制冷液化CO_2新工艺。以烟气携带的低温废热为热源驱动LiBr吸收式制冷机,制取4℃左右的冷媒;同时,提高粗二氧化碳的压力,使液化温度升高至7℃以上,与冷媒温度匹配。本工艺二氧化碳液化温度高于水的冰点以及水合物形成的临界温度,不再需要复杂的脱水预处理过程。Aspen Plus过程模拟分析表明,本项目提出的新工艺,全过程的压缩功耗(二氧化碳压缩+制冷压缩)为123.7 kW·h/t液态二氧化碳,比传统工艺节省约23.9%。以20万吨/年工业级二氧化碳生产装置为例,新工艺通过综合利用低温废热,每年可减少电耗7.70×10~6 kW·h,节省运行成本约225万元,具有显著的节能效果和经济效益。     

柴油机废烟气驱动的热管废热溴化锂制冷机运行特性

热管废热溴化锂制冷机可以直接利用烟气废热或化学反应热来驱动生产 6 5℃的热水和 7℃的冷水 ,对利用柴油机排烟废热驱动热管废热溴化锂制冷机的运行特性进行了实验和分析 ,结果表明热管废热溴化锂制冷机可以直接利用烟气废热、化学反应热来驱动 ,该系统具有能源利用率高 ,能源可以得到综合利用等优点     

立式浮动管板废热锅炉结构设计

介绍了一种立式浮动管板与填料密封型式相结合,兼废热锅炉与汽包双重作用的新型废热锅炉。结合工艺气进口采用的填料密封等各部件结构的详细分析,阐述了废热锅炉的整体结构。通过有限元分析计算模型,对浮动管板、固定管板强度进行了校核。     

LiBr制冷机在硫化环保工艺中的应用

介绍了LiBr制冷机的工作原理,给出了LiBr制冷机与硫化工艺的结合途径,并提出了分析制冷效果的方法,为橡胶生产工艺环保提供了新思路。     

硫磺回收装置中的异形废热锅炉设计

介绍了超级克劳斯工艺硫磺回收装置中异形废热锅炉的设计,着重叙述了工作于高温工况下的废热锅炉的管板设计。文中提出的计算方法和采用挠性管板的思路以及所采用的管板的高温防护措施可为同类设备设计参考。     

渗铝强化传热管废热锅炉

针对以媒、焦为原料的中小型氮肥厂造气立式火管废热锅炉因高温工艺气体的冲刷、磨损及腐蚀很快被损坏的这一实际问题,论述了该锅炉的损坏形式、渗铝钢的防腐、耐高温、耐磨蚀的机理,以及螺旋槽管的强化传热性能和凸形管板及管端保护结构等。试验研究和工程实际表明:渗铝强化传热管废热锅炉,可达到提高废热锅炉的使用寿命,减少受热面积的目的。     

转化气废热锅炉管板设计浅析

海洋石油富岛有限公司300 kt/a合成氨装置2018年度新更换的转化气废热锅炉从德国BORSIG公司引进,其管板设计采用德国BORSIG公司的专利技术——管板厚度仅为20 mm(远低于国标中的有关要求)。对德国BORSIG公司的转化气废热锅炉管板加强系统、换热管与管板的连接方式、工艺气入口管板端之隔热设施等结构特点及管板加强系统用材情况进行详细介绍,并对转化气废热锅炉的管板设计——管板厚度、圆钢筋强度、格栅板与环板尺寸进行校核计算。校核计算结果表明,此转化气废热锅炉管板设计安全、可靠;投运后的实际运行情况表明,此转化气废热锅炉运行状况良好,换热效果好,较原来多产高压蒸汽15 t/h。总之,德国BORSIG公司转化气废热锅炉管板加强系统设计技术值得业内学习、借鉴。     

火管式废热锅炉挠性薄管板的强度研究及其应用

利用有限元分析法对火管式废热锅炉的挠性薄管板结构进行强度实验和分析研究，并将实验结果与挠性薄管板设计专用程序计算的结果进行比较。研究和实践均证明，挠性薄管板结构和相应的设计程序对于各种火管式废热锅炉是切实可行的。     

焦油一次汽化温度计算方法的探讨

利用相平衡原理得出的焦油蒸馏时一次汽化温度的计算方法,其结果与按经验公式的计算结果进行了比较,同时讨论了一次汽化温度与焦油馏分产率及二段蒸发器过热蒸汽用量的关系。     

Efficacy for Whitlockite for Augmenting Spinal Fusion

Whitlockite (WH) is the second most abundant inorganic component of human bone, accounting for approximately 25% of bone tissue. This study investigated the role of WH in bone remodeling and formation in a mouse spinal fusion model. Specifically, morphology and composition analysis, tests of porosity and surface area, thermogravimetric analysis, an ion-release test, and a cell viability test were conducted to analyze the properties of bone substitutes. The MagOss group received WH, Group A received 100% beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), Group B received 100% hydroxyapatite (HAp), Group C received 30% HAp/70% β-TCP, and Group D received 60% HAp/40% β-TCP (n = 10 each). All mice were sacrificed 6 weeks after implantation, and micro-CT, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and Masson trichome (MT) staining and immunohistochemistry were performed. The MagOss group showed more homogeneous and smaller grains, and nanopores (<500 nm) were found in only the MagOss group. On micro-CT, the MagOss group showed larger fusion mass and better graft incorporation into the decorticate mouse spine than other groups. In the in vivo experiment with HE staining, the MagOss group showed the highest new bone area (mean: decortication group, 9.50%; A, 15.08%; B, 15.70%; C, 14.76%; D, 14.70%; MagOss, 22.69%; p < 0.0001). In MT staining, the MagOss group demonstrated the highest new bone area (mean: decortication group, 15.62%; A, 21.41%; B, 22.86%; C, 23.07%; D, 22.47%; MagOss, 26.29%; p < 0.0001). In an immunohistochemical analysis for osteocalcin, osteopontin, and CD31, the MagOss group showed a higher positive area than other groups. WH showed comparable bone conductivity to HAp and β-TCP and increased new bone formation. WH is likely to be used as an improved bone substitute with better bone conductivity than HAp and β-TCP.     

Techniques for screening adhesives for structural applications

—Due to its chemistry, no structural adhesive system (epoxies, acrylics, etc.) is likely to offer an ideal combination of toughness, strength, moisture resistance, and ambient-temperature curing. Therefore, for effective use of adhesives in primary structures, an engineer must be able to identify adhesives that represent an optimum compromise among the different properties. In this paper, we present techniques for screening high-strength, ambient-temperature-curing adhesives for (1) moisture resistance under sustained loading and (2) fracture resistance in a way that is directly related to joint performance.     

Nanomaterials for Antiangiogenic Therapies for Cancer: A Promising Tool for Personalized Medicine

Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Several studies have shown that vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) plays a leading role in angiogenesis progression. Antiangiogenic medication has gained substantial recognition and is commonly administered in many forms of human cancer, leading to a rising interest in cancer therapy. However, this treatment method can lead to a deteriorating outcome of resistance, invasion, distant metastasis, and overall survival relative to its cytotoxicity. Furthermore, there are significant obstacles in tracking the efficacy of antiangiogenic treatments by incorporating positive biomarkers into clinical settings. These shortcomings underline the essential need to identify additional angiogenic inhibitors that target numerous angiogenic factors or to develop a new method for drug delivery of current inhibitors. The great benefits of nanoparticles are their potential, based on their specific properties, to be effective mechanisms that concentrate on the biological system and control various important functions. Among various therapeutic approaches, nanotechnology has emerged as a new strategy for treating different cancer types. This article attempts to demonstrate the huge potential for targeted nanoparticles and their molecular imaging applications. Notably, several nanoparticles have been developed and engineered to demonstrate antiangiogenic features. This nanomedicine could effectively treat a number of cancers using antiangiogenic therapies as an alternative approach. We also discuss the latest antiangiogenic and nanotherapeutic strategies and highlight tumor vessels and their microenvironments.     

甘氨酸生产废液的治理回收技术

针对国内甘氨酸生产厂家排放的工业废水中含有多种污染物(一定量的氯化铵、少量的乌洛托品及微量的甘氨酸)的特点,提出采用多效真空降膜蒸发系统兼热泵技术回收废液中的氯化铵,回收氯化铵后排放的冷凝水进入冷凝水净化系统进行处理的综合治理方案。此工艺克服了采用常规蒸发技术从低浓度氯化铵废液中提取氯化铵带来的能耗大、对设备腐蚀性强的缺点,本项治理技术不仅解决了工业废水对环境的污染,而且有较高的经济效益。     

工程建设项目全面造价管理要则

通过对工程建设项目特点剖析，提出了工程建设项目全过程造价管理、全要素造价管理、全风险造价管理、全团队造价管理等四项造价管理技术，针对其特点提出全面造价管理的管理技术要则，并提出要注重事前管理控制、项目信息的收集和加工、加强项目的动态性管理、重视项目管理的科学性和艺术性等各项要求。     

我厂脱碳双塔再生工艺改造小结

介绍了双塔再生工艺的原理、改造前后的工艺流程 ,运行情况 ,并对改造进行了经济效益分析。