模板浸润法制备非极性聚合物纳米管和纳米线

以孔径为200 nm的多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)为模板,采用聚合物溶液或熔体浸润模板的物理方法,以非极性通用聚合物为原料,首次制备了非极性聚合物纳米管、纳米线及其阵列结构。对纳米管和纳米线的形貌和结构进行了表征,结果表明对非极性聚合物而言,温度是影响一维纳米结构的主要因素,在较低温度下只能制得纳米线;较高温度下才能得到纳米管。还指出AAO膜纳米孔的高表面效应与熔体的作用能是形成聚合物一维纳米结构的主要驱动力。     

浸润AAO模板法制备EVA纳米管阵列

采用聚合物溶液或熔体浸润多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板的方法,在孔径为200 nm的AAO模板中成功制备了EVA纳米管阵列,用扫描电子显微镜对其微观形貌进行表征.结果表明溶液法制得纳米管管壁厚度随浓度而变化,质量分数5.0%和7.0%的EVA溶液制备的纳米管壁厚约为40 nm和60 nm.熔体法制得纳米管的长度受温度影响而不同.对模板法制备纳米管的形成机理进行了探讨.     

模板法制备GdCo_xO_y纳米管阵列及磁性能

在草酸溶液中以二次阳极氧化法制备了阳极氧化铝(anodic aluminium oxide,AAO)模板;采用减压抽滤法,在AAO模板的纳米孔中使Gd(NO3)3·6H2O,CoSO4·7H2O溶液与NaOH溶液反应并经高温分解,制备出GdCoxOy纳米管。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、选区电子衍射、X射线衍射和能量色散谱表征了GdCoxOy纳米管形貌、结构、元素组成和含量;用振动样品磁强计测量了纳米管的磁性能。结果表明:制备的GdCoxOy纳米管为非晶态结构;Gd,Co和O元素的摩尔比为14.86:4.78:80.36;其质量比为59.88:7.18:32.94。室温下GdCoxOy纳米管有明显的磁各向异性,易磁化方向平行于GdCoxOy纳米管阵列的方向。     

硬模板法制备二氧化硅纳米管

以针状纳米ZnO为模板,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源制备了二氧化硅纳米管,并研究了配比和反应条件对二氧化硅纳米管产率的影响。研究结果表明,二氧化硅纳米管的产率受TEOS浓度影响较大,在一定范围内,纳米管产率随TEOS浓度的增加呈先增后降的趋势,当n(ZnO)∶n(TEOS)∶n(NH3·H2O)=11∶1∶30,TEOS浓度为0.0180mol/L时,纳米管产率高达95%,在一定范围内,产率随着反应时间的增长而增大,静置酸处理去除针状纳米ZnO模板有利于保持纳米管形貌的完整性。     

多孔阳极氧化铝模板法合成纳米线阵列的研究及应用进展

综述了以多孔氧化铝为模板，采用电化学沉积技术合成金属、半导体、导电聚合物等纳米线材料的最新研究进展，阐述了多孔氧化铝模板在合成与组装纳米线材料方面的良好应用前景，以进一步拓展该领域的研究。     

基于模板热压法制备超疏水柱状结构表面

超疏水表面材料在生产生活中具有重要的应用价值,其制备的关键在于构建合适的表面微结构。以多孔阳极氧化铝表面为模板,高密度聚乙烯为压印热塑材料,进行常压工况下的热压印,制备出三维柱状结构表面,表面形貌规整有序,通过调节模板结构参数实现对柱状结构尺寸的精确调控。测试结果显示,制备的不同微结构尺寸的柱状结构表面接触角均在150°以上,具有优异的超疏水性能。     

多孔氧化铝模板法制备取向碳纳米管阵列的研究进展

利用化学气相沉积技术在多孔氧化铝模板上可以制备取向碳纳米管阵列。通过调节阳极氧化参数可以改变模板的孔结构,进而可控制碳纳米管在孔道中生长的形貌。用这种方法制备的碳纳米管的直径、长度和密度可以选择性控制,这将有利于研究碳纳米管的性质和它在电化学及其他领域的应用。介绍了多孔氧化铝模板的形成原理以及碳纳米管在多孔氧化铝模板上的生长机理,讨论了阳极氧化条件、催化剂和气相沉积温度对碳纳米管特性的影响,并指出了这种技术中一些需深入研究的问题。     

硅基AAO模板法制备纳米阵列研究进展

硅基纳米材料结构与性能独特,在光学、半导体和材料科学等领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了硅基阳极氧化铝模板相对于铝基模板在集成纳米功能器件方面的优势及其制备方法,对阳极氧化工艺过程进行了分析,并对几种基于硅基AAO模板组装的纳米阵列进行了综述,总结了硅基纳米结构阵列性能的研究概况。     

以多孔氧化铝为模板电沉积制备磁性纳米线阵列膜

近年来,以多孔阳极氧化铝为模板制备磁性纳米线材料颇受人们的关注。综述以多孔阳极氧化铝为模板,采用电化学沉积制备各种有序磁性纳米线阵列膜的最新研究进展,同时展望磁性纳米线的应用前景。     

Preparation of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer nanotubes with array structure in anodic aluminium oxide membrane using wetting techniques

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) nanotubes and their arrays with different structures were prepared successfully using nanoporous Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO) template through polymer solution and melt wetting method, a simple physical technique. According to the results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), nanotubes can be obtained using either polymer solution or polymer melt. As for solution wetting method, the integrity of ABS nanotubes depends on the concentration of polymer solution. The wall of ABS nanotubes made from 2.5 wt% solution has pore defects, while intact nanotubes can be obtained using 5.0 wt% solution. As for melt wetting method, the structure of nanotubes depends on the temperature of the melt. ABS nanotubes can be prepared at both 240 and 270 °C but the thickness of tubular wall and the length of the nanotubes are different. TGA tests showed that the thermal decomposition temperature of ABS nanotubes is ca. 100 °C lower than that of bulk ABS polymer.     

Preparation of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer nanotubes by wetting of anodic alumina oxide (AAO) method

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) nanotube arrays were successfully prepared through wetting of anodic alumina oxide (AAO) template with polymer melt or solution, a simple physical technique. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrate that the wall thickness of nanotubes via solution wetting method varies from the concentrations of solutions. The EVA nanotubes, obtained from 5.0 to 7.0 wt% EVA solutions, are ca. 40 nm and ca. 60 nm, respectively. As for melt wetting method, the length of nanotubes depends on temperature and the flow properties of polymer melt. The mechanism of forming the nanotubes has been also discussed.     

Preparation of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nano-template on silicon and its application to one-dimensional copper nano-pillar array formation

Anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) nanotemplates were prepared using the Al/Si substrates with an aluminum layer thickness of about 300 nm. A two-step anodization process was used to prepare an ordered porous alumina nanotemplate, and the pores of various sizes and depths were constructed electrochemically through anodic oxidation. The optimum morphological structure for large area application was constructed by adjusting the applied potential, temperature, time, and electrolyte concentration. SEM investigations showed that hexagonal-close-packed alumina nano-pore arrays were nicely constructed on Si substrate, having smooth wall morphologies and well-defined diameters. It is also reported that one dimensional copper nanopillars can be fabricated using the tunable nanopore sized AAO/Si template, by controlling the copper deposition process.     

Electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes grown inside a mesoporous anodic aluminium oxide membrane

Well-aligned, open-ended carbon nanotubes (CNTs), free of catalyst and other carbon products, were synthesized inside the pores of an anodic aluminium oxide (AO) template without using any metallic catalyst. The CNTs and the CNT/AO composites were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Particular care was devoted to the reactor design, synthesis conditions, the catalytic role of the templating alumina surface and the preservation of the alumina structure. The transport properties (sorption, diffusion and permeability) to water vapor were evaluated for both the alumina template and the CNT/AO composite membrane. The measured effective electrical volume conductivity of the CNT/AO composite was found ranging from a few up to 10 kS/m, in line with the recent literature. The estimated averaged values of the CNTs-wall conductivity was around 50 kS/m.     

浸润AAO模板组装一维聚合物纳米阵列

以孔径为200 nm的多孔氧化铝膜(AAO)为模板,采用聚合物溶液或熔体浸润模板纳米孔的物理技术,进行了多种一维聚合物纳米阵列的制备研究.结果表明PA66、PP、ABS、TPU、PVDF、PA11等多种聚合物纳米管都能形成规整的阵列.探讨了聚合物性质、制备工艺与一维纳米管结构的关系和机理.     

环氧树脂/磷酸三苯酯阻燃ABS的制备及其性能研究

分别采用酚醛环氧树脂（NE）和双酚A环氧树脂与磷酸三苯酯（TPP）复配作为阻燃剂,制备了具有良好阻燃性能的无卤阻燃ABS。研究了环氧树脂种类、各组分配比及用量等对ABS的阻燃性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明：NE与TPP对ABS具有良好的协同阻燃作用,当NE与TPP质量配比为1：1,总用量为20％时,可以制备氧指数高达41．5％并具有较好力学性能的无卤阻燃ABS。TGA结果表明：NE能有效抑制TPP挥发,NE和TPP复配可以延缓ABS的分解而且提高成炭率。     

ABS/MRP/NE复合材料的研制及其热降解性能研究

采用微胶囊化红磷(MRP)和酚醛环氧树脂(NE)复配阻燃荆,制备了具有良好阻燃性能的无卤阻燃ABS.研究了备组分质量比对ABS阻燃和热降解性能的影响.结果表明:MRP/NE质量比为3:7时,阻燃复配效果最好.TGA结果表明:MRP/NE的复配可以延缓ABS的分解并提高成炭率;由FTIR谱图看出,MRP/NE复配后,残留物中保留了更多的ABS特征吸收峰;采用Flynn-Wall法求取了阻燃材料的热降解活化能,发现添加阻燃荆后,材料的活化能提高.     

十溴二苯乙烷对ABS阻燃性能分析与展望

通过十溴二苯乙烷对ABS在活化能、燃烧性能、轰然时间、火灾性能指数、烟及毒气的释放等参数的分析,可知十溴二苯乙烷对ABS具有较好的阻燃效果,但是存在发烟量大的缺点。环保型低烟低卤低毒的复合阻燃剂是将两种或两种以上阻燃剂复配实用,使各成分性能互补,相互增强彼此的作用效果,即产生协同效应,可以达到降低阻燃剂用量,降低阻燃材料成本,提高材料阻燃性能、加工性能及物理机械性能等目的,是阻燃剂发展的必然趋势。