合金钢的现状与未来（续）

采用微合金非调质钢制造螺栓可省去冷拔前的球化退火、螺栓成形后的淬火和回火。特别是对于长杆螺栓,用微合金非调质钢制造的螺栓变形小,无需矫直处理。采用微合金非调质钢制造螺栓还可减小螺栓丝扣的脱碳倾向,提高螺栓成品率。但是考虑冷加工模具的寿命,微合金非调质钢的应用最高级别应     

汽车用铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢研究现状

基于汽车零部件发展趋势，零部件用钢的生产不断朝着低能耗、轻量化方向发展。非调质钢具有节能减排、制造成本低、生产周期短等优点，用于汽车零部件的生产符合碳达峰、碳中和的战略发展方向，且随着对非调质钢强韧性研究的深入，其力学性能已接近甚至达到调质钢水平。因此，非调质钢代替调质钢成为高品质汽车零件用钢发展的重要趋向。铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢是中国引入非调质钢以来应用最为广泛、使用量最大的非调质钢，在汽车零部件上的应用更为成熟，提高其综合力学性能可进一步扩大其应用范围。综述了汽车零部件用铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢的发展趋势，从晶粒细化、析出强化、晶内铁素体韧化等方面深入探讨了其强韧化机理。提出轧材的成分设计优化和组织调控可为非调质钢最终组织性能的保证奠定基础，而控制非调质钢深加工过程中二次加热温度、变形量和冷却制度等参数，可以进一步改善其组织性能，为开发更高强韧性的铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢提供理论依据，进而推动非调质钢的研究及生产。最后针对非调质钢在研究和生产中面临的相关问题进行总结，围绕未来铁素体-珠光体型非调质钢零部件综合性能提高的迫切需求，通过“产学研用”的合作方式，加强材料的基础特性研究，...     

非调质钢的现状与发展

非调质钢的现状与发展华东交通大学李国庆为了提高工效、节省能源、降低成本，近年来用非调质钢代替调质钢取得了较大的进展。世界各国争相研制、开发和应用，在我国也已经初步取得成效，但目前多数企业对非调质钢还不甚了解，为此，现就非调质钢及其发展趋向作一介绍。一...     

微合金非调质钢技术浅析

微合金非调质钢因其成本较低、性能优良、环境污染小等优点,得以开发和应用,已成功应用于汽车工业、重型机械、建筑、石油化工、桥梁等领域。对微合金非调质钢中合金元素的作用及微合金非调质钢强韧化的方法等进行了分析,对微合金非调质钢的分类作了介绍,并阐述了铁素体-珠光体型、贝氏体型、马氏体型微合金非调质钢的特点及其生产技术。     

38MnSiVS非调质钢奥氏体晶粒长大模型

 细化奥氏体晶粒是控制钢的组织与力学性能的重要方法。为了控制38MnSiVS非调质钢在轧制待温时间内的晶粒尺寸,利用热变形与定量金相方法,研究了38MnSiVS非调质钢变形后在不同待温温度、不同待温时间的再结晶奥氏体晶粒长大规律。结果表明,38MnSiVS非调质钢再结晶奥氏体晶粒长大过程与时间满足幂指数关系。基于试验数据,通过数值解析和非线性回归分析求得Anelli、Sellars与Sellars修正模型3种晶粒长大模型,其中Sellars修正模型预测误差最小为0.73%,能够更加精确地预测38MnSiVS非调质钢晶粒长大规律。由于形变储能等因素的影响,变形后再结晶奥氏体晶粒长大激活能为161 737.65 J/mol,远小于再加热过程奥氏体晶粒长大激活能。     

12Mn2VBS非调质钢汽车前轴的开发

由于非调质钢具有节能、简化生产工序及提高产品质量等优点,国内的一些大型汽车企业在积极地开发非调质钢或引进非调质钢的加工技术,以降低汽车零部件的制造成本.1997年,江铃公司立项进行前轴材料的开发研究.     

非调质钢的发展概况与其特征的变化

全面地描述了非调质钢的发展概况，分析了非调质钢发展过程中化学成分、加工工艺、显微组织、强化机制、性能、应用范围、品种规格等方面特征的变化。在４９ＭｎＶＳ３钢的基础上降碳、提锰、增硅，采用复合微合金技术的非调质钢、冷作强化非调质钢、贝氏体型非调质钢的生产应用量最大，为了进一步改善非调质钢的韧性，应用了温锻工艺、氧化物冶金技术、锻热淬火技术。     

MFT8形变强化非调质钢汽车螺栓可靠性分析

对MFT8形变强化非调质钢高强度汽车螺栓的力学性能及可靠性进行了系统研究.试验结果表明:MFT8螺栓具有较好的抗应力松弛性能、较低的缺口敏感性.强化后的MFT8螺栓各项力学性能指标达到8.8级技术要求,0能够取代调质钢制造高强度螺栓.     

非调质钢的应用及展望

综述了非调质钢的发展现状和应用前景。概述了非调质钢的定义、分类、优点、工业应用中存在的问题以及非调质钢强韧化机理和手段。在此基础上,探讨了非调质钢在紧固件行业、汽配以及工程机械行业应用的典型案例,并展望了非调质钢的应用前景。     

汽车用非调质钢38MnVS的研制

汽车用调质钢零件改用非调质钢材制造,具有节能增效等优点,我国正逐渐推广应用。本文将４０ＭｎＢ调质钢与试生产的３８ＭｎＶＳ易切削非调风性能进行比较,介绍了３８ＭｎＶＳ易切削非调质钢中的钒、硫等元素的作用,试生产情况及检测的各种性能。     

Technology innovations on high quality special steel products

Because special steels are the basic materials for industrialization,a national R&D program on special steel technology for high quality products have been granted to promote the special steel production and applications since 2008.Since then,great progresses have been achieved on ferritic stainless steel sheets,heat resistance steel pipes and tubes,microalloyed forging steel bars,and mould steel forgings for hot working. The ratio of ferritic stainless steel sheets produced by TISCO and Baosteel has been promoted through technology innovations and increased 42%and 48 in 2009 respectively.439M steel sheets have been used to exhaust system,and 444 steel sheets have been applied to kitchen and architecture.The production technologies for heat resistance steel pipes and tubes(T/P92,S3043,S31042 steels) have been developed in Baosteel and Pansteel to meet the market requirements.Meanwhile,the round bloom technology has been initiated in Xingcheng Steel.The new technologies for microalloyed forging steels,low cost steel bar,and tailored steel and components,were proposed by CISRI based on the understanding of precise chemical composition and segregation control.And the applications of microalloyed forging steel bars have been promoted remarkably.The researchers have developed high quality mould steel technologies,heavy section forgings of 718 steel,high premium H13 steel blocks and large diameter mandrels used for seamless pipe rolling.The technology innovations of the program could lead to the progress of production technology in special steel sheets,pipes,bars and forgings,and meet the demands from market.For the moment,it is actually believed that there still strong requirements for the technology innovations on special steels.     

VN元素在微合金化钢中的作用和开发前景

论述了VN元素在微合金化钢中的作用和钒钢中增氮最经济可靠的方法。指出VN微合金化技术在高强度焊接钢筋、非调质钢、薄板坯连铸连轧高强度板带和第三代TMCP工艺中的应用。强调了VN微合金化钢的研发和推广应用。     

Niobium in Engineering Steels for Automotive Applications

In the last decade, the European niobium consumption in automotive strip and sheet has more than tripled. The development of high strength and advanced high strength steel grades for strip and plate products focused upon constantly increasing strength levels combined with excellent fatigue properties as well as formability and weldability. Until now, the high potential of microalloyed steel has not been used to the same extent in forgings and springs. This paper reviews automotive components as transmissions, suspensions and springs highlighting new material solutions for special steels having optimized processing and in‐use properties. Special consideration is given to the metallurgical background as well as to examples for the processing and application of niobium microalloyed steel in forgings and springs from low carbon and higher carbon containing steels. Niobium metallurgy permits the reduction of carbon to meet more stringent end‐user requirements demanding high strength combined with improved toughness, fatigue strength and weldability at a competitive manufacturing cost.     

钒微合金化钢的技术进展与应用

摘要：介绍了钒微合金化技术的最新进展以及钒钢的开发与应用情况。氮是含钒钢中有效的合金元素,含钒钢中增氮,优化了钒在钢中的析出,显著提高沉淀强化效果。采用钒氮微合金化设计,配合适当的轧制工艺,促进V(C,N)在奥氏体中析出,起到了晶内铁素体形核核心作用,实现了含钒钢的晶粒细化。最新的研究成果表明钒微合金化可以提高双相钢、贝氏体钢、相变诱导塑性钢、孪晶诱导塑性钢、热成型马氏体钢等汽车用先进高强度钢的强度并改善使用性能,显示出良好的应用前景。钒氮微合金化技术在中国高强度钢筋、高强度型钢、非调质钢、薄板坯连铸连轧高强度带钢等产品中获得广泛应用,大大促进了中国钒微合金化钢的发展。     

700 MPa微合金高强钢焊接软化机理及解决方案

700MPa级Ti Nb成分体系控轧控冷高强钢以其生产成本低、高强韧性以及优良的可焊性,近年来在专用车轻量化领域得到广泛应用。本文采用80％Ar+20％CO2(体积分数)混合气体保护焊,对高Ti、Nb元素析出强化高强钢进行了焊接强度试验研究。结果表明,随着焊接热输入增大,焊接接头强度有降低趋势,焊接热影响区较母材硬度降低,存在软化行为,其软化机理表现在细晶强化、变形强化和析出强化效果的丧失。通过母材的B微合金化、控制焊接热输入等措施可有效缓解软化倾向,可为此种高强钢进一步推广应用提供技术参考。     

Development and Application of Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel for Auto Forging Components in China

Non-quenched and tempered (NQT) steels have been applied for auto forging products at the aim of lower cost since 1980’s in China.Without quenching and tempering processes,the cost of heat treatment was greatly decreased,so they are widely applied in car forgings such as crankshaft,connecting rod.Recently,with the aim of improving performance and reducing production cost,new technologies,such as:reductions of microalloyed elements,microstructure refining,and mechanical properties forecast have been developed in China auto industry.The designation,processing,properties prediction and microstructure of auto components have been controlled comprehensively.With the development of new technologies,NQT steel gradually began to be applied to product important parts,and replace Quenching and Tempering (QT) steels.Both steel makers and end product users are expressed their desire to share benefits of technological innovation.The technologies will have a huge developing space and very bright developing prospects in motor parts industry in future.     

Development of Microalloyed Medium-Carbon Steel with Improved Toughness

ＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｉｃｒｏａｌｌｏｙｅｄＭｅｄｉｕｍ－Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ＳｔｅｅｌｗｉｔｈＩｍｐｒｏｖｅｄＴｏｕｇｈｎｅｓｓＷａｎｇＱｉ；ＬｉＧｕｉｆｅｎ；ＤｏｎｇＨａｎＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｅａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｈｏｔ－ｒｏｌｌｅ...     

Φ45～Φ60 mm高精度热轧圆钢开发实践

结合棒材生产线设备布置情况,制定了大规格高精度热轧圆钢开发方案,通过严格控制加热炉各段温度和开轧温度,应用高压水除鳞技术,精确设计孔型系统,采用硬质合金轧辊和防划伤传送专用导槽等,张钢开发出Q235、45#、20#、弹簧圆钢等钢种Φ45～Φ60 mm热轧高精度圆钢,产品迅速批量生产,几何尺寸及力学性能均满足GB/T 702-2008标准要求。     

Warm Forged Medium Carbon V Steel

Nowadays there is a continuous demand,particularly from the automotive industry,for cheaper,lighter and more reliable components.It is not surprising then that steel research has been focused during the last decades in new qualities and processes.This paper is dealing with the use of vanadium microalloyed steels on one of those new processes,warm forging.For its low precipitation temperature and its recognised ability to strengthen steel microstructures via austenite grain growth control,precipitation hardening and interference of the static recrystallization process,vanadium in microalloyed steels seem to be an appropriate candidate for warm forging.     

风力发电主轴轴承用锻棒材的国产化

采用"DC炉+LF+VD+浇注3.7t钢锭+快锻"的工艺技术,试制了风力发电主轴轴承用高品质的高碳铬轴承钢锻棒,规格为250～380mm。检测结果表明,通过控制钢中的有害元素钛和氧的含量、采用LF精炼加VD真空脱气和软吹氩技术、选用合理的锻造比,提高了钢水的纯净度、改善了碳化物不均匀性和低倍组织,生产出品质较好的超大规格锻棒,满足了风力发电主轴轴承用钢的性能要求。