两相区淬火对5NiCrMo钢组织与性能的影响

研究了淬火 两相区淬火 回火工艺(QQ'T)对5NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响,采用光学显微镜和透射电镜详细观察了微观组织结构,分析了组织演变规律及其对性能的影响.研究结果表明,5NiCrMo钢经QQ'T处理后屈强比降低,低温韧性提高,并改善了回火稳定性.板条状的回火二次马氏体 铁素体的混合组织及回火过程中沿板条边界析出的逆转变奥氏体是试验钢获得良好性能的原因.     

5NiCrMo低温钢调质热处理工艺研究

研究了5NiCrMo低温钢的调质热处理工艺,分析了回火温度对该钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:试验钢经调质热处理后,形成了回火马氏体和逆转变奥氏体的混合组织。560~640℃回火时,随温度提高,屈服强度呈降低趋势,-100℃冲击功先升高、在620℃回火时达到峰值后降低。深冷后保留的逆转变奥氏体显著影响试验钢的低温韧性。拉伸和冲击性能均满足要求的回火温度是580~620℃。     

热处理工艺对9Ni钢板低温韧性影响规律的研究

研究了不同热处理工艺对9Ni钢板低温韧性的影响。结果显示:采用QLT热处理工艺时,首次淬火温度对最终性能的影响较小,回火温度对钢板的强韧性影响最大。两相区淬火显著提高钢板低温韧性主要有3个原因:在两相区温度内钢板未完全奥氏体化,组织中含有软相铁素体;两次淬火可以细化晶粒;回转奥氏体提高韧性。9Ni钢板的低温冲击韧性得以提高是多个因素共同作用的结果。     

热处理工艺对F550船板钢组织和力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜和力学性能实验方法,研究了不同热处理工艺对采用控轧控冷工艺生产的60mm厚F550船板钢的组织和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,相比于完全淬火回火的热处理方式,经两相区的亚温淬火后回火,材料的综合力学性能更好,特别是低温韧性明显高于前者。完全淬火后回火得到的组织为单一贝氏体,而亚温热处理为贝氏体和细晶铁素体的两相组织。     

热处理工艺对高强度耐磨钢性能影响研究

针对采用热轧+淬火+低温回火工艺生产的NM400耐磨钢板,研究了不同温度回火处理对钢板组织、力学性能和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:耐磨板组织为回火马氏体和残余奥氏体,具有良好的韧性和耐磨性能;低温回火可以改善NM400钢的韧性,经过250℃低温回火处理的钢板综合性能最优。     

亚临界区淬火温度对一种新型“锰代镍”低温钢组织演变及力学性能的影响

利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了亚临界区淬火温度对一种新型"锰代镍"低温钢组织演变及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着亚临界区淬火温度的升高,室温亚稳奥氏体的体积分数逐渐降低。当亚临界区淬火温度为700和740℃时,亚稳奥氏体主要以片层状在回火马氏体板条间析出,且排列方向与周围的马氏体板条平行,这种片层状亚稳奥氏体分布较为均匀,尺寸较小,厚度约为100nm,且稳定性较高;当亚临界区淬火温度为780℃时,试验钢中出现尺寸较大的块状奥氏体,在回火马氏体界面的交叉处不均匀析出。分析表明,不同热处理制度下基体"有效晶粒"尺寸、所生成的亚稳奥氏体体积分数及其稳定性的不同是导致不同亚临界区淬火温度下试验钢低温韧性差异的主要原因。     

电阻焊接用高强Q125级石油套管钢组织及其性能

设计了一种低合金含量的Q125级高强度石油套管用钢,研究了热处理工艺对实验钢组织和力学性能的影响.与870℃淬火+500℃回火工艺相比,实验钢在850℃淬火+500℃回火工艺下具有更好的强韧性配合.与870℃淬火相比,850℃淬火处理的奥氏体晶粒尺寸较小,使决定钢力学性能的晶区、板条束尺寸细化,因此其性能更优异.淬火温度对实验钢的析出行为影响不大.尺寸较大的TiN以及TiC和TiN复合析出物对奥氏体晶界起到钉扎作用,可以抑制奥氏体晶粒的长大;含有Mo的尺寸较小的TiC可以起到钉扎位错的作用,阻止位错移动,对强度的提高贡献很大.      

热处理工艺对LNG用高Ni低温钢韧性的影响

为改善LNG用高Ni钢板的力学性能,采用正火＋回火、淬火＋回火和淬火＋淬火＋回火三种工艺对其进行热处理。性能检测及组织观察结果显示,由于正火的冷却速度较慢,影响了正火＋回火处理后钢板潜能的释放;而淬火＋回火处理则解决了这个问题,钢板低温韧性大幅提高;淬火＋淬火＋回火处理使钢板的低温韧性进一步改善。     

壳体用钢30CrMnSiNi2A的强韧化热处理研究

本文介绍的是针对壳体用低合金超高强度钢30CrMnSiNi2A的强韧性进行的一种热处理工艺研究.通过贝氏体区短时间等温淬火得到马氏体＋贝氏体＋少量残余奥氏体的复合组织,使得强度和韧性得到良好的配合.实验考察了等温时间的变化对钢力学性能的影响,得出较优的等温时间范围.     

低C含7.7%Ni低温钢经两相区淬火后的组织性能

 提出了一种Ni质量分数为7.7%的低C低温用CrNi钢,研究了其经淬火+两相区淬火+回火（QLT）处理后的力学性能,采用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和电子背散射衍射（EBSD）对试验钢的显微组织演化规律进行了研究。结果表明：经QLT处理的试验钢的显微组织主要为铁素体（F）+板条马氏体（LM）+马氏体/奥氏体组元（M/A）+回转奥氏体（γ′）。随着两相区热处理温度（tL）的升高,LM的比例逐渐增加,F的比例逐渐减少,晶粒细化,大角度晶界（HAGB）比例和平均晶界角度（AGBA）大幅增加。当tL在650~680℃时,γ′的体积分数约为7%。-196℃下韧性（KV2）主要取决于γ′含量和HAGB比例两个因素。经QLT处理,试验钢的屈服强度（Rp0.2）大于530MPa,抗拉强度（Rm）大于670MPa,-196℃下的冲击韧性大于150J,强韧性达到了当前9Ni钢的水平。     

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steel Containing Ni of 9 %

  Mechanical properties of quenching, intercritical quenching and tempering (QLT) treated steel containing Ni of 9% were evaluated from specimens subject to various tempering temperatures. The detailed microstructures of steel containing Ni of 9% at different tempering temperatures were observed by optical microscope (OM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The volume fraction of austenite was estimated by XRD. The results show that high strength and cryogenic toughness of steel containing Ni of 9% are obtained when the tempering temperature are between 540 and 580 ℃. The microstructure keeps the dual phase lamellar structure after the intercritical quenching and there is cementite created in the Ni rich constituents when tempering temperature is 540 ℃. When tempering temperatures are between 560 and 580 ℃, the reversed austenites (γ′) grow up and the dual phase lamellar structure is not clear. The γ′ becomes instable at 600 ℃. When tempered at temperature ranging from 500 to 520 ℃, the increase of dislocation density in the lamellar matrix makes both tensile strength and yield strength decrease. When tempered at 540 ℃ and higher temperature, the yield strength decreases continuously because the C and alloying elements in the matrix are absorbed by the cementite and the γ′, so the yield ratio is decreased by the γ′. There are two toughness mechanisms at different tempering temperatures. One is that the precipitation of cementite absorbs the carbon in the steel which plays a major role in improving cryogenic toughness at lower temperature. Another is that the γ′ and the purified matrix become major role at higher tempering temperature. When the tempering temperature is 600 ℃, the stability of γ′ is decreased quickly, even the transformation takes place at room temperature, which results in a sharp decrease of Charpy V impact energy at 77 K. The tempering temperature range is enlarged by the special distribution of cementite and the lamellar structure.     

深冷处理对NM500耐磨钢性能与磨损行为的影响

以一种自行设计的NM500级别耐磨钢为研究对象,利用冲击磨损试验,分析了深冷处理对其组织性能和磨损行为的影响。结果表明,NM500耐磨钢经深冷处理后,抗拉强度、硬度和冲击韧性均有提高,在淬火+深冷+回火处理后,最佳的综合力学性能可达抗拉强度1 910 MPa、硬度523HB、冲击韧性24.3 J/cm2,此时试验钢组织主要为马氏体,有Nb和Ti的碳化物析出。深冷处理通过残余奥氏体向马氏体转变,减少了不稳定相的含量,提升了试验钢的力学性能,从而使淬火+深冷+回火处理后的试验钢具有更高的耐磨性,此时的磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,磨损形貌主要为犁沟、犁皱。而未经深冷处理的淬火+回火处理试验钢磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,磨损形貌主要为剥落坑和切削。     

Effect of Heating Rate Before Tempering on Reversed Austenite in Fe-9Ni-C Alloy

 The alloy was reheated to 580 ℃ for tempering at rates of 2, 5, 10, 20, and 40 ℃/s, respectively, after quenching. The amount, distribution, and stability of reversed austenite were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD). The microstructure and cryogenic impact energy were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Charpy V-notch (CVN) tests. The results showed that when the sample was heated at 10 ℃/s, the volume fraction of reversed austenite exhibited maximum of 8%; the reversed austenite was uniform along all kinds of boundaries; the reversed austenite contained higher concentration of carbon which enabled it to be more stable. The cryogenic toughness of the alloy was greatly improved when heated at 10 ℃/s, as the fracture surface observation showed that it mainly fractured in ductile rupture mode, which was consistent with the results of cryogenic impact energy.     

调质低碳贝氏体钢的组织和性能

研究了C-Mn-Mo-Cu-Nb-Ti-B系低碳微合金钢915℃淬火和490~640℃回火的调质工艺对钢的组织及力学性能的影响.用扫描电镜和透射电镜对实验钢的组织、析出物形态和分布以及断口形貌进行观察,采用X射线衍射仪分析钢中残余奥氏体的体积分数.结果表明:调质后,实验钢获得贝氏体、少量马氏体及残余奥氏体复相组织,贝氏体板条宽度只有250 nm,残余奥氏体的体积分数随着回火温度的升高而降低,经淬火与520℃回火后残余奥氏体的体积分数为2.1%.调质后析出物的数量激增,6~15 nm的析出物占70%以上.实验钢经过915℃淬火与520℃回火后,其屈服强度达到915 MPa,抗拉强度990 MPa,-40℃冲击功为95 J.细小的析出物及窄的板条提高了钢的强度.板条间有残余奥氏体存在,改善了实验钢的韧性.      

Influence of Tempering Process on Mechanical Properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

To investigate the influence of tempering process on microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo supermartensitic stainless steel(SMSS),specimens were tempered in the temperature range of 520-720 ℃ for 3 h followed by air cooling and an optimized tempering temperature was chosen to prolong holding time from 3 to 12 h.After heat treatments,microstructure examination was conducted by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction examinations,hardness measurements and tensile tests.The results revealed that the superior mechanical properties were achieved by quenching at 1040 ℃ for 1 h+water cooling and tempering at 600 ℃ for 3 h+air cooling.Increasing isothermal tempering time could improve the toughness notably.It was believed that the property was correlated with the microstructure of tempered lath martensite and retained austenite.More retained austenite content is beneficial to the higher toughness of the SMSS.     

冷处理对超级马氏体不锈钢组织及逆变奥氏体的影响

为研究冷处理对超级马氏体不锈钢的组织性能及逆变奥氏体的影响,通过淬火+回火(A钢)、淬火+冷处理+回火(B钢)以及淬火+深冷处理+回火(C钢)3种工艺进行对比研究。结果表明:实验钢中基体组织为回火马氏体,随回火温度的升高,马氏体板条变细。在相同回火温度下,A钢马氏体板条尺寸较大,B钢次之,C钢尺寸较小、且更平直。实验钢中逆变奥氏体含量随回火温度的升高先增加随后降低,在650℃时达到最大,整个过程中C钢逆变奥氏体含量高于B钢和A钢。实验钢的硬度随回火温度的升高而降低,在650℃时达到最小,随后增大。相同回火温度下,C钢硬度高于B钢,B钢高于A钢。A钢中逆变奥氏体多为块状,尺寸较大,分布较少;B钢次之;C钢中逆变奥氏体多为条状,尺寸较小,且分布均匀。     

热处理工艺对5 mm 9Ni钢板性能的影响

研究了淬火+亚温淬火+回火(QLT)、淬火+回火(QT)、正火+正火+回火(NNT)3种工艺对5 mm9Ni钢板低温韧性的影响.结果 表明,采用NNT工艺,钢板低温韧性良好,逆变奥氏体含量8.0％;通过工艺试制,5mm 9Ni钢板,采用3.3mm厚度规格试样,-196℃冲击吸收能量≥40 J;采用2.5mm厚度规格试样...     

常化后冷却工艺对1600MPa级超高强钢组织性能的影响

为改善高强度钢的塑性和韧性,对中碳低合金马氏体高强度钢分别采用常化后空冷＋回火和常化后控冷＋回火工艺,研究常化后冷却工艺对钢中残余奥氏体及力学性能的影响.采用扫描电镜获得钢的组织形态,利用X射线衍射和电子背散射衍射技术分析钢中残余奥氏体的体积分数、形貌和分布.发现两种工艺下均得到板条马氏体＋残余奥氏体组织,残余奥氏体均匀分布在板条之间,随工艺参数不同,其体积分数在3%~10%变化.常化后加速冷却能显著细化马氏体板条,提高钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度100 MPa以上,冲击功下降4 J.残余奥氏体的体积分数随常化控冷终冷温度的升高呈现先升高后降低的变化,常化后的控制冷却也可以作为进一步改善马氏体类型钢组织和性能的方法