耦合型光纤应变传感器在动态称重中的应用

介绍了耦合型光纤应变传感器的工作原理,分析了耦合型光纤应变传感器的设计和应用于汽车动态称重的方案。制作了耦合型光纤应变传感动态称重仪并对基于耦合型光纤应变传感器的动态称重系统进行了静态和动态测试。对测得的信号进行了分析计算和消噪处理,取得了有价值的试验数据。试验证明,耦合型光纤应变传感器能够满足汽车动态称重的要求,具有很好的应用前景。     

基于TMS320F2812的车辆动态称重系统设计

提出了基于TMS320F2812的车辆动态称重系统的系统结构与功能实现。硬件设计主要介绍处理器核心模块的设计,MSI压电薄膜传感器,信号放大与偏置电路的设计。软件部分主要介绍DSP在实现算法上的优势,以及动态称重系统的主流程和ADC中断服务子程序流程.DSP为核心的车辆动态称重系统具有精度高,处理速度快等优点,对实现车辆的不停车称重,公路超限车辆的管理,有极大的现实意义。     

基于灰色神经网络的汽车动态称重数据处理

针对目前汽车动态称重方法称量精度低和所需数据样本数量大的缺陷,提出了一种新的动态称重数据处理方法,通过GM（1,1）模型对车辆动态称重数据进行预处理,获得每个称重数据的误差补偿量,建立了以车辆速度、加速度、动态称重残差序列为输入变量的灰色神经网络模型,使系统称量误差小于1%,称量准确度等级达到1级指标。研究表明,该方法在动态汽车衡数据处理中的可行性强,实现了在贫信息、少数据情况下对动态称重数据的高精度处理,为汽车动态称重系统精度的进一步提高提供了理论与技术支撑。     

基于WSN的高速汽车动态载荷信号处理方法

针对高速动态称重中低频动态载荷严重影响真实轴重称量的问题,通过引入无线传感器网络(WSN)技术,构建智能化称重传感器网络,提出了一种测量高速汽车载荷的系统方案及数据处理方法。分析称重系统采集的汽车动态载荷的振动频率,并构建信号模型,通过基于三参数对动态载荷正弦波曲线进行拟合,建立线性方程组,采用高效算法和信息处理得到精确的称重数据。仿真实验结果表明,该方法平均误差低,数据稳定性较高,而且对高速具有很好适应性,对解决高速动态汽车称重精度问题具有一定的意义。     

利用光纤光栅制作动态称重仪

为了克服目前使用的公路汽车动态称重仪的成本高、误差大、使用寿命短等缺陷,提出了利用光纤光栅制作动态称重仪的方案.通过把光纤光栅镶嵌在光纤加强复合材料中,利用光栅为传感元件测量横向负载,设计了一种汽车动态称重轴重仪,并进行了初步的实验.实验结果及分析表明我们设计的光纤光栅动态称重仪具有很高的灵敏度和较大的称重量程.     

基于惯性传感器车辆动态称重信号的研究

针对车辆动态称重中易受到噪声干扰从而影响测量精度的问题，根据惯性传感器的特点，该文分析了惯性传感器测量车辆经过时产生振动信号的过程，结合车辆动态称重的信号特点，提出EEMD的改进小波阈值降噪算法。为验证算法的适用性，将基于EEMD的改进小波阈值降噪算法与小波阈值降噪算法进行对比，实验结果表明，基于EEMD的改进小波阈值降噪算法对车辆动态称重信号具有较好的去噪效果，可提高系统测量的精度与准确性。     

煤炭在线动态称重系统研究

分析了目前煤炭在线动态称重系统即胶带秤动态称重系统、矿车衡动态称重系统和箕斗秤动态称重系统的称重原理及优缺点,提出了一种具有高计量精度的基于图像处理技术的矿车衡称重系统;研究了煤炭在线动态称重系统中的关键问题,即标定方法、称重传感器、动态数学模型、数据处理算法和上位机系统软件,指出在提高标定精度的同时降低标定难度是煤炭在线动态称重系统标定方法的研究方向;振弦式称重传感器是称重传感器未来发展方向;先进的技术和理论是动态数学模型和数据处理算法的研究方向。     

关于汽车动态载荷智能测量的研究

汽车动态称重系统虽然能够适应快速称重,但其称量精度有所下降.为了在快速称重的同时保证称量精度,提出了基于改进Levenberg-Marquardt算法的动态载荷处理方法.首先通过小波变换对动态载荷中的高频随机干扰进行预处理,然后采用改进Levenberg-Marquardt算法对低频动态载荷进行拟合,最后从称重信号中减去拟合的动态载荷即可获得真实的静态载荷.仿真和实验表明,该方法可以有效地降低动态载荷对称量精度的影响,使系统动态称重相对误差小于2%,对高速动态称重精度问题具有一定意义.     

压电薄膜车辆动态称重系统算法研究

利用一种基于压电薄膜称重传感器的车辆动态称重系统,在不同环境温度和车速下,对三种车型进行称重系统工程应用实测试验。将奇异谱分析（SSA）算法用于轴重信号的降噪处理,提出了一种新的重构阶次选择方法,简化了重构阶次选择的判断准则。分析了环境温度及车速对称重结果的影响,采用改进的车重计算方法对轴重信号面积进行补偿,降低了称重误差。建立了基于双传感器的压电薄膜车辆动态称重系统及测试平台。试验表明,以双传感器检测的车重平均值,其误差比单传感器检测误差降低22.4%。车速在50 km/h以内,称重平均误差小于5%,可满足实际工程要求,验证了SSA算法的有效性。     

基于光纤微弯传感器的汽车动态称重系统设计

为解决目前汽车动态称重过程中存在的电磁干扰和精确度低的问题,在分析光纤微弯传感器测量原理的基础上,提出了一种基于光纤微弯传感器的汽车动态称重系统.压力的变化引起传感光纤发生弯曲变形,产生输出损耗,通过测量输出光强的变化实现汽车重量的动态称量;设计相应的光电转换和采样放大电路,并采用小波变换对采样信号进行去噪处理.对光纤传感系统的静态响应特性进行验证表明:在0～3 000 kg的范围内光纤传感系统具有良好的线性响应特性,灵敏度为3.8 mV/kg;动态响应实验表明:当汽车通过速度小于15 km/h时,光纤微弯动态称重系统的测量误差小于5.4%,能够满足动态称重的需要.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.