钛铁矿原位反应合成Al_2O_3-TiC颗粒增强铁基复合材料

利用钛铁矿铝热碳热原位还原技术成功制备了Al2O3-TiC增强铁基复合材料。通过XRD,SEM和力学性能检测方法分析了钛铁矿原位合成和添加合成两种方式对Al2O3-TiC增强铁基复合材料的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:利用钛铁矿合成的铁基复合材料的增强相为Al2O3,MgAl2O4,TiC和Fe相,添加合成过程中会发生一些硬质相TiC被氧化的现象。钛铁矿原位合成Al2O3-TiC增强铁基复合材料的基体组织呈粗大的块条状分布;添加合成的复合材料的铁基体以块状均匀分布。制备的Al2O3-TiC增强铁基复合材料的性能比较优良。材料的最佳综合力学性能为抗弯强度937MPa,维氏硬度532。     

MGH956合金TIG焊原位合金化对其组织性能的影响

采用TIG焊对氧化物弥散强化(ODS)高温合金MGH956进行原位合金化焊接.在相同的焊接条件下,填加两种不同的填充材料:与母材化学成分相似的基体填充材料,以及在基体填充材料基础上加入了合金元素Al和Fe2O3的Al-Fe2O3填充材料.通过对比分析两组试样在焊接过程中发生的原位合金化反应机理,及其对焊缝微观组织和力学性能的影响,研究原位合金化反应对ODS合金TIG焊接头组织与性能的影响.结果表明:在填充材料中加入Al和Fe2O3合金元素时,焊缝处的气孔数量明显减少,气孔尺寸也较为减小;焊缝中原位生成了新的增强相颗粒Al2O3、TiC以及YAlO3,同时,基体中的纳米级增强相Al-Y复合氧化物团聚倾向降低.力学性能试验结果表明,填加Al-Fe2O3填充材料时焊缝显微硬度值明显提高,接头抗拉强度达到了578 MPa,为母材强度的80.3%.     

喷射成形Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si合金组织和性能的研究

采用喷射成形技术制备了Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si合金,采用透射电镜、X射线衍射和力学性能实验对该合金的组织和性能进行了分析,在合金的显微组织中检测到了第二相粒子.拉伸实验结果表明,由于存在热稳定相Al12(Fe,V)3Si颗粒,喷射成形Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si合金在室温和高温下都具有较高的拉伸强度.     

添加固体润滑剂的Al2O3/TiC陶瓷材料力学性能和显微结构

采用热压工艺制备了添加固体润滑剂MoS2、BN、CaF2的Al2O3/TiC陶瓷材料,测量了其力学性能和分析了其显微结构.结果表明,添加固体润滑剂的Al2O3/TiC陶瓷比未添加时的力学性能有大幅下降,其中Al2O3/TiC/CaF2陶瓷材料的力学性能最好,当CaF2含量为10%时,Al2O3/TiC/CaF2陶瓷材料的强度和硬度最高,分别达到了589MPa和HV1537;而添加BN的Al2O3/TiC陶瓷材料的力学性能最差.XRD衍射结果和微观结构显示,添加MoS2的Al2O3/TiC材料中的MoS2发生分解,基体中存在较多的气孔;添加BN的Al2O3/TiC材料中的BN与Al2O,反应生成AlN,造成大量裂纹的产生,致使材料的强度和硬度都大幅下降;Al2O3/TiC/CaF2陶瓷材料中的CaF2在烧结过程中没发生化学反应,复合材料晶粒大小均匀,基体组织成网状结构,有利于提高材料的强度.     

Mo对TiC/Al复合材料组织和性能的影响

为了细化TiC/Al基复合材料中的增强颗粒,进一步提高TiC颗粒对基体的强化效果,在锻铝6A02基体中加入适量Mo元素,用原位合成的方法制备TiC/Al基复合材料.对制备得到的铸态和轧制态材料进行了显微组织观察、拉伸和磨损实验.结果表明,TiC颗粒可以作为异质形核核心起到细化基体组织的作用.TiC颗粒的引入提高了材料在室温和高温的抗拉强度和屈服强度,同时改善了材料的耐磨损性能,且随着载荷的增加,耐磨性能的提高越明显.当加入质量分数1.0%的Mo时,可改善基体对TiC颗粒的润湿性,细化TiC颗粒的尺寸(0.5μm),使TiC颗粒分布更为均匀,材料的力学性能和磨损性能得到提高.然而,过高的Mo含量将导致在组织中出现粗大的脆性Al5Mo相,同时使材料的力学性能和磨损性能有所降低.     

Al—Fe—V—Si（Nd）合金纳米晶粉末的制备及相转变的研究

利用机械合金化方法制备Al-Fe-V-Si(Nd)合金粉末,球磨状态下得到合金粉末由铝固溶体组成,经适当的热处理后,得到α-A112(Fe,V)2Si粒子弥散分布的合金末,加入稀土后,合金粉末的组织得到细化,并出现非晶化的趋势。利用DNMA方法可以直接得到具有α－Al13(Fe,V)3Si粒子弥散分布的合金粉末,并观察到α－Al13(Fe,V)3Si 转变为准晶的现象,从而证实了准晶相与αAl13(Fe,V)3Si之间的强烈关联性。     

新型Al2O3-TiC-WC纳米复合陶瓷刀具的研制

本课题在微米级Al2O3基体中添加纳米TiC和微米WC作为增强相,通过调整复合陶瓷材料中基体和增强相的含量、优化烧结工艺参数,成功制备出性能良好的Al2O3/TiC/WC纳米复合陶瓷刀具材料.并对该材料的力学性能、微观结构、压痕裂纹扩展形态进行了研究.结果表明,该材料不但保持了普通陶瓷刀具材料硬度高、耐磨性能好、不易与金属产生粘结、化学稳定性好的优点,而且改善了陶瓷刀具材料的综合力学性能、特别是高温力学性能.     

Ti-Al-Si对SlOp/Al基复合材料等离子弧焊焊缝的组织与性能的影响

以Ti-Al-Si合金作为合金化填充材料,用氮氩混合等离子气体对SiCp/Al基复合材料进行等离子弧原位焊接,研究了Ti-Al-Si对焊缝的组织和性能的影响.结果表明:填加Ti-75Al-5Si合金时,熔池中Si和Ti的联合作用有效抑地制了针状脆生相Al4C3的生成,形成了稳定的熔池,得到了以TiN、AlN、TiC和Ti5Si3等为二次增强相的焊缝.焊缝的组织致密,结合良好,其最大拉伸强度为225 Mpa.     

Ti—Al—Si对SiCp/Al基复合材料等离子弧焊焊缝的组织与性能的影响

以Ti-Al-Si合金作为合金化填充材料,用氮氩混合等离子气体对SiCp/Al基复合材料进行等离子弧原位焊接,研究了Ti-Al-Si对焊缝的组织和性能的影响.结果表明：填加Ti-75Al-5Si合金时,熔池中Si和Ti的联合作用有效抑地制了针状脆生相Al4C3的生成,形成了稳定的熔池,得到了以TiN、AlN、TiC和Ti5Si3等为二次增强相的焊缝.焊缝的组织致密,结合良好,其最大拉伸强度为225 MPa.     

硬质相对冷喷涂FeAl金属间化合物涂层性能的影响

FeAl金属间化合物具有优良的物理性能和力学性能,但其室温塑性和断裂韧性低,限制了其工程应用.利用机械合金化制备了Fe(Al)固溶体合金粉末及Al2O3,WC硬质相增强的复合合金粉末,通过冷喷涂沉积涂层并结合后热处理原位反应制备了FeAl金属间化合物涂层及其复合涂层.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)及显微硬度仪等研究了硬质相对球磨粉末组织结构、冷喷涂FeAl金属间化合物涂层组织结构及性能的影响.结果表明.硬质相可显著加速球磨粉末内部层状结构的细化程度,喷涂态涂层具有不同于传统热喷涂涂层的层状组织结构,热处理可实现喷涂态涂层中Fe(Al)固溶体向FeAl金属间化合物的原位转变,致使层状结构消失,获得无粒子界面的FeAl金属间化合物涂层,弥散分布的硬质相可显著提高冷喷涂FeAl金属间化合物涂层的强化稳定性.     

In-situ synthesis of TiC/Fe alloy composites with high strength and hardness by reactive sintering

Fe alloy composites reinforced with in-situ titanium carbide(Ti C) particles were fabricated by reactive sintering using different reactant C/Ti ratios of 0.8,0.9,1 and 1.1 to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ Ti C/Fe alloy composites.The microstructure showed that the in-situ synthesized Ti C particles were spherical with a size of 1–3 μm,irrespective of C/Ti ratio.The stoichiometry of in-situ Ti C increased from 0.85 to 0.88 with increasing C/Ti ratio from 0.8 to 0.9,but remained almost unchanged for C/Ti ratios between 0.9 and 1.1 due to the same driving force for carbon diffusion in Ti Cxat the common sintering temperature.The in-situ Ti C/Fe alloy composite with C/Ti = 0.9 showed improved mechanical properties compared with other C/Ti ratios because the presence of excess carbon(C/Ti = 1 and 1.1) resulted in unreacted carbon within the Fe alloy matrix,while insufficient carbon(C/Ti = 0.8)caused the depletion of carbon from the Fe alloy matrix,leading to a significant decrease in hardness.This study presents that the maximized hardness and superior strength of in-situ Ti C/Fe alloy composites can be achieved by microstructure control and stoichiometric analysis of the in-situ synthesized Ti C particles,while maintaining the ductility of the composites,compared to those of the unreinforced Fe alloy.Therefore,we anticipate that the in-situ synthesized Ti C/Fe alloy composites with enhanced mechanical properties have great potential in cutting tool,mold and roller material applications.     

Inertia-friction welding of SiC-reinforced 8009 aluminium

Inertia-drive friction welding (IFRW) of an 8009 Al alloy (Al-8.5 Fe-1.7 Si-1.3 V, wt%) reinforced with 11 volume per cent SiC particles (8009/SiC/11_p) has been investigated. Inertia-drive friction welds were made with constant energy at two levels of axial force. The microstructures of the base material and the welds were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy, while the mechanical properties were evaluated using microhardness and tensile testing. Examination of weld sections revealed that the hot deformation experienced during welding produced a homogenized microstructure with a uniform distribution of SiC particles along the bond line. No evidence of a chemical reaction between the SiC and the matrix was found in any of the welds, but cracking of some of the larger SiC particles was observed in the base material as well as in the IFR welds. The average microhardness of the various heat-and-deformation affected zones (HDZs) of the welds did not vary greatly from that of the base material, and no weld induced weak regions were discerned. The room-temperature (RT) tensile strength of the IFR welds exceeded 90 per cent of the base material. The weld tensile specimens failed at the outer edge of the HDZ for all of the welds tested. The fracture surface of the 8009 matrix of tensile samples for both the base material and the welds exhibited a dimpled appearance indicating a ductile failure, while fracture through the SiC appeared to occur in a brittle fashion. IFRW has proven effective in joining 8009/SiC/11_p with little loss in RT hardness and tensile properties.     

原位反应液相线铸造半固态铝合金的晶粒长大行为

采用原位反应液相线铸造方法制备含有少量原位TiC颗粒的7075铝合金,在其固液两相区进行二次加热保温实验,淬火固定其半固态组织后,通过扫描电镜观察合金的晶粒长大行为,并利用平均截线法测量晶粒尺寸,研究原位颗粒对晶粒长大行为的影响.结果发现,原位TiC颗粒不仅对合金的铸态组织产生细化和球化作用,而且在合金的二次加热过程中对晶粒长大行为具有明显的抑制作用,从而对优化半固态组织提供了一种有效的方法.     

Positron Annihilation Study on the Microstructural Stability in Rapidly Solidified Al_(92.3)Fe_(4.3)V_(0.7)Si_(1.7)Mm_(1.0) Alloy

Rapidly solidified Al92.3Fe4.3V0.7Si1.7Mm1.0 alloy has been studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy and the variations on the intedecial defects with the annealing temperature were revealed by an analysis of the lifetime results. The intedece characteristics derived from the positron-lifetime results could be used to give a satisfactory interpretation of the dependence of mechanical properties on the annealing temperature     

The load transfer effect in the true threshold creep behaviour of an Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy reinforced with alumina short fibres

The creep in an Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy dispersion strengthened with fine Al₁₂(Fe,V)₃Si phase particles and reinforced with alumina short fibres—Composite in the following—is investigated at temperatures 648, 698 and 748 K. The results are compared with those obtained for the composite matrix Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy (Alloy in the following) at the same temperatures. Both, the Alloy and the Composite exhibit true threshold creep behaviour; the true threshold stress decreases rather strongly with increasing temperature. However, independently of temperature, it is about twice as high in the Composite than in the Alloy. This is explained employing the concept of the load transfer effect in the true threshold creep behaviour. The results strongly suggest that rather dramatic enhancement of creep resistance of an Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy can be reached introducing into it mechanically strong short fibres of micrometer dimensions, provided the aspect ratio of the fibres and their volume fraction are large enough.     

Nanocrystalline Al/Al12(Fe,V)3Si alloy prepared by mechanical alloying: Synthesis and thermodynamic analysis

Al–Al₁₂(Fe,V)₃Si nanocrystalline alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying (MA) of Al–11.6Fe–1.3V–2.3Si (wt.%) powder mixture followed by a suitable subsequent annealing process. Structural changes of powder particles during the MA were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructure of powder particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to study thermal behavior of the as-milled product. A thermodynamic analysis of the process was performed using the extended Miedema model. This analysis showed that in the Al–11.6Fe–1.3V–2.3Si powder mixture, the thermodynamic driving force for solid solution formation is greater than that for amorphous phase formation. XRD results showed that no intermetallic phase is formed by MA alone. Microstructure of the powder after 60 h of MA consisted of a nanostructured Al-based solid solution, with a crystallite size of 19 nm. After annealing of the as-milled powder at 550 °C for 30 min, the Al₁₂(Fe,V)₃Si intermetallic phase precipitated in the Al matrix. The final alloy obtained by MA and subsequent annealing had a crystallite size of 49 nm and showed a high microhardness value of 249 HV which is higher than that reported for similar alloy obtained by melt spinning and subsequent milling.     

Glass Formation and Thermal Stability in Rapidly Solidified Al-Fe-V-Si Alloy with Misch Metal Additions

A new amorphous Al87.3Fe4.3V0.7Si1.7Mm6.0(Mm: misch metal) was prepared by using melt-spinning technique. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD). transmis-sion electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) have been used to investigatethe crystallization behaviour of thi5 amorphous alloy It is found that the crystallization processcan be concluded as follows: amorphous→ amorphous plus fcc-Al→ fcc-Al plus AI11(La,Ce)3plus i-phase (icosahedral)→ fcc-Al plus Al11(La,Ce)3 plus i-phase plus ic-phase (icosahedralcompounds). The results of microhardness measurement show that HV values are higher thanthose in Al-Fe-V-Si based alloy and the maximum HV value corresponds to the coexisting ofnanoscale Al particles and i-phase.     

原位自生(TiB+TiC)/Ti-1100复合材料的高温力学性能及强化机制

利用常规钛合金的真空自耗熔炼以及热加工技术,制备了原位自生(TiB+TiC)/Ti-1100复合材料。对该复合材料的微观结构进行研究,并分别在高温环境下测试了基体合金以及复合材料的高温拉伸性能,最后对其强化机制进行研究。结果表明:钛基复合材料的屈服强度可以用数学模型来计算。增强体的加入使复合材料的高温力学性能明显优于基体合金,且其高温强度的提高主要受益于碳的固溶强化、TiB纤维的传递载荷、TiC颗粒的强化位错等因素的贡献。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of in situ formed TiC-reinforced Ti–6Al–4V matrix composites

Carbon nanotubes were blended into a Ti–6Al–4V matrix to synthesize titanium carbide (TiC) in situ, via spark plasma sintering. The microstructure and mechanical properties of both the monolithic Ti–6Al–4V alloys and the TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites were studied to evaluate the strengthening effects of TiC on the Ti–6Al–4V matrix. The morphologies obtained by scanning electronic microscopy and optical microscopy indicated that the grain size of both the Ti–6Al–4V alloy and the TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composite decreased with increasing planetary ball-milling (PBM) speed, leading to an increase in the hardness of the investigated materials. The compressive yield strength of the monolithic Ti–6Al–4V alloys and the TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites initially increased and then decreased with increasing PBM speed. The strengthening and fracture mechanisms were studied.