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1.
  总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A methodology for imposing a minimum length scale on structural members in discretized topology optimization problems is described. Nodal variables are implemented as the design variables and are projected onto element space to determine the element volume fractions that traditionally define topology. The projection is made via mesh independent functions that are based upon the minimum length scale. A simple linear projection scheme and a non‐linear scheme using a regularized Heaviside step function to achieve nearly 0–1 solutions are examined. The new approach is demonstrated on the minimum compliance problem and the popular SIMP method is used to penalize the stiffness of intermediate volume fraction elements. Solutions are shown to meet user‐defined length scale criterion without additional constraints, penalty functions or sensitivity filters. No instances of mesh dependence or checkerboard patterns have been observed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2.
为了满足制造工艺和静强度要求,提出一种综合考虑最小尺寸控制和应力约束的柔顺机构混合约束拓扑优化设计方法。采用改进的固体各向同性材料插值模型描述材料分布,利用多相映射方法同时控制实相和空相材料结构的最小尺寸,采用最大近似函数P范数求解机构的最大应力,以机构的输出位移最大化作为目标函数,综合考虑最小特征尺寸控制和应力约束建立柔顺机构混合约束拓扑优化数学模型,利用移动渐近算法求解柔顺机构混合约束拓扑优化问题。数值算例结果表明,混合约束拓扑优化获得的柔顺机构能够同时满足最小尺寸制造约束和静强度要求,机构的von Mises等效应力分布更加均匀。  相似文献   

3.
为了满足制造工艺和静强度要求,提出一种综合考虑最小尺寸控制和应力约束的柔顺机构混合约束拓扑优化设计方法。采用改进的固体各向同性材料插值模型描述材料分布,利用多相映射方法同时控制实相和空相材料结构的最小尺寸,采用最大近似函数P范数求解机构的最大应力,以机构的输出位移最大化作为目标函数,综合考虑最小特征尺寸控制和应力约束建立柔顺机构混合约束拓扑优化数学模型,利用移动渐近算法求解柔顺机构混合约束拓扑优化问题。数值算例结果表明,混合约束拓扑优化获得的柔顺机构能够同时满足最小尺寸制造约束和静强度要求,机构的von Mises等效应力分布更加均匀。  相似文献   

4.
    
Topology optimization methodologies typically use the same discretization for the design variable and analysis meshes. Analysis accuracy and expense are thus directly tied to design dimensionality and optimization expense. This paper proposes leveraging properties of the Heaviside projection method (HPM) to separate the design variable field from the analysis mesh in continuum topology optimization. HPM projects independent design variables onto element space over a prescribed length scale. A single design variable therefore influences several elements, creating a redundancy within the design that can be exploited to reduce the number of independent design variables without significantly restricting the design space. The algorithm begins with sparse design variable fields and adapts these fields as the optimization progresses. The technique is demonstrated on minimum compliance (maximum stiffness) problems solved using continuous optimization and genetic algorithms. For the former, the proposed algorithm typically identifies solutions having objective functions within 1% of those found using full design variable fields. Computational savings are minor to moderate for the minimum compliance formulation with a single constraint, and are substantial for formulations having many local constraints. When using genetic algorithms, solutions are consistently obtained on mesh resolutions that were previously considered intractable. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

5.
拓扑优化方法经过几十年的发展,已成功应用于机械工程、航空航天、电磁等领域的构型设计中。然而,由于制造工艺的限制,拓扑优化结果通常无法直接应用,需根据工艺要求进行修改,因此在拓扑优化模型中考虑制造约束成为重要的研究方向。其中,尺寸控制广泛存在于大部分制造工艺中,主要包括最小尺寸控制与最大尺寸控制。该文提出了一种基于映射的拓扑优化最大尺寸控制方法,构造了一种新的映射模型,对结构中不满足最大尺寸约束的中心单元密度进行惩罚,在不引入任何约束条件的情况下实现了对结构最大尺寸的控制。此外,该文将该方法中的惩罚转变为一个全局约束条件后与具有最小尺寸控制功能的拓扑优化鲁棒列式相结合,实现了对构件的最大最小尺寸协同控制。数值算例表明了该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

6.
周克民  李霞 《工程力学》2007,24(10):36-40
研究了应力约束下最小重量悬臂梁桁架结构的拓扑优化设计。根据Michell理论,首先用解析方法和有限元方法建立满应力类桁架连续体结构。然后选择其中部分杆件形成离散桁架作为近最优结构,并建立桁架的拓扑优化解析表达式。采用解析方法证明最优拓扑结构的腹杆中间结点在节长的四分之一位置。最后采用解析和数值方法对自由端受集中力和侧边受均布力作用的桁架进一步拓扑优化,确定了桁架的节数和每节的长度,最后得到拓扑优化桁架结构。得到的拓扑优化桁架比工程上普遍采用的45°腹杆桁架的体积少20%以上。  相似文献   

7.
    
The inclusion of non‐linear elastic analyses into the topology optimization problem is necessary to capture the finite deformation response, e.g. the geometric non‐linear response of compliant mechanisms. In previous work, the non‐linear response is computed by standard non‐linear elastic finite element analysis. Here, we incorporate a load–displacement constraint method to traverse non‐linear equilibrium paths with limit points to design structures that exhibit snap‐through behaviour. To accomplish this, we modify the basic arc length algorithm and embed this analysis into the topology optimization problem. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

8.
本文在考虑材料参数不确定性的条件下,对连续体结构动力学稳健性拓扑优化设计进行研究.在使结构的第一阶固有频率最大化的同时,显著减小其对材料性能不确定性的影响.基于非概率凸集模型,将材料参数的不确定性用有界区间变量表示;建立了能够抑制频率改变的结构动力学拓扑优化模型,用单层优化策略求解稳健性优化设计问题.通过对材料参数的导数分析,获得了在材料性能不确定情形下结构第一阶固有频率的二阶泰勒展开式,并推导出了频率对拓扑变量的一阶灵敏度显性表达式.基于变密度法,开展了结构动力学稳健性拓扑优化设计,并与确定性优化结果进行对比,验证了用本文方法获得的结构第一阶固有频率稳健性更高,受材料参数不确定性扰动影响更小,展示了考虑材料参数不确定性的重要性.  相似文献   

9.
ABSTRACT

This paper performs a combined numerical and experimental study to explore the role of minimum length scale constraints in multi-scale topology optimisation. Multi-scale topology optimisation is generally performed without considering the actual unit cell size, while an arbitrary value considerably smaller than the part is selected afterwards. However, this procedure would be problematic if including geometric constraints, e.g. minimum length scale constraints, since geometric constraints cannot be applied without knowing the unit cell dimensions. To address this issue, unit cell size should be defined beforehand, and guidelines will be provided in this work through a thorough numerical exploration, i.e. compliance minimisation multi-scale topology optimisation with different unit cell sizes and a consistent minimum length scale limit will be performed. The numerical results indicate that selecting the unit cell size considerably smaller than the part and larger than the length scale limit would be recommended. Then, experiments are conducted to explore the effect of minimum length scale limit on the stiffness and strength of the multi-scale design. It is observed that increasing the minimum length scale limit would reduce the structural mechanical performance in both aspects.  相似文献   

10.
    
The computational bottleneck of topology optimization is the solution of a large number of linear systems arising in the finite element analysis. We propose fast iterative solvers for large three‐dimensional topology optimization problems to address this problem. Since the linear systems in the sequence of optimization steps change slowly from one step to the next, we can significantly reduce the number of iterations and the runtime of the linear solver by recycling selected search spaces from previous linear systems. In addition, we introduce a MINRES (minimum residual method) version with recycling (and a short‐term recurrence) to make recycling more efficient for symmetric problems. Furthermore, we discuss preconditioning to ensure fast convergence. We show that a proper rescaling of the linear systems reduces the huge condition numbers that typically occur in topology optimization to roughly those arising for a problem with constant density. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our solvers by solving a topology optimization problem with more than a million unknowns on a fast PC. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

11.
考虑微观尺度和宏观尺度的关联, 将微结构胞元设计和多尺度均匀化设计结合, 建立了由相同尺寸和内部构型的微结构胞元组成的复合材料结构的材料/结构一体化动力学优化设计方法, 给出了相应的算例。方法中引入了微观和宏观两个尺度上的独立密度变量, 采用材料属性的合理近似模型对密度进行惩罚, 利用有限元超单元技术建立材料与结构的联系。基于算例获得了超单元尺寸与微观、宏观材料用量对结构拓扑构型的影响规律。将算例结果与已有方法的结果比较, 表明本文方法具有合理有效性, 可作为对轻质结构进行动力学设计的一种新方法。   相似文献   

12.
    
Design space optimization for topology based on fixed grid is proposed and its superiority to conventional topology optimization is shown. In the conventional topology optimization, the design domain is fixed. It is, however, desirable to make the design domain evolve into a better one during optimization process by increasing or decreasing the number of design pixels or variables, which we call design space optimization. A breakthrough in obtaining sensitivities when design space expands has been made recently with necessary mathematical background, but due to coupling effect and others, sensitivity results have not been satisfactory. Three innovative implementations are developed in this paper. Firstly, the proper characteristics of artificial material are defined. The second one is to decouple neighbouring elements for exact design space sensitivities. The previous design space optimization has been tedious because only one layer can be added. So, the third innovation is a new expansion strategy with multi‐layers based on design space sensitivities. As a result, the proposed evolutionary method can get an optimum much faster than ever before especially for large‐scale problems. It is also conjectured that this gives higher probability of getting the global optimum, as confirmed by numerical examples. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
    
The article presents an efficient solution method for structural topology optimization aimed at maximizing the fundamental frequency of vibration. Nowadays, this is still a challenging problem mainly because of the high computational cost required by spectral analyses. The proposed method relies on replacing the eigenvalue problem with a frequency response one, which can be tuned and efficiently solved by a multilevel procedure. Connections of the method with multigrid eigenvalue solvers are discussed in details. Several applications demonstrating more than 90% savings of the computational time are presented as well.  相似文献   

14.
    
A new way of describing the density field in density‐based topology optimization is introduced. The new method uses finite elements constructed from Bernstein polynomials rather than the more common Lagrange polynomials. Use of the Bernstein finite elements allows higher‐order elements to be used in the density‐field interpolation without producing unrealistic density values, ie, values lower than zero or higher than one. Results on several test problems indicate that using the higher‐order Bernstein elements produces optimal designs with sharper estimates of the optimal boundary on coarse design meshes. However, higher‐order elements are also required in the structural analysis to prevent the appearance of unrealistic material distributions. The Bernstein element density interpolation can be combined with adaptive mesh refinement to further improve design accuracy even on design domains with complex geometry.  相似文献   

15.
    
We consider the problem of optimal design of nano‐scale heat conducting systems using topology optimization techniques. At such small scales the empirical Fourier's law of heat conduction no longer captures the underlying physical phenomena because the mean‐free path of the heat carriers, phonons in our case, becomes comparable with, or even larger than, the feature sizes of considered material distributions. A more accurate model at nano‐scales is given by kinetic theory, which provides a compromise between the inaccurate Fourier's law and precise, but too computationally expensive, atomistic simulations. We analyze the resulting optimal control problem in a continuous setting, briefly describing the computational approach to the problem based on discontinuous Galerkin methods, algebraic multigrid preconditioned generalized minimal residual method, and a gradient‐based mathematical programming algorithm. Numerical experiments with our implementation of the proposed numerical scheme are reported. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

16.
    
New tools for the design of metamaterials with periodic microarchitectures are presented. Initially, a two‐scale material design approach is adopted. At the structure scale, the material effective properties and their spatial distribution are obtained through a Free Material Optimization technique. At the microstructure scale, the material microarchitecture is designed by appealing to a Topology Optimization Problem (TOP). The TOP is based on the topological derivative and the level set function. The new proposed tools are used to facilitate the search of the optimal microarchitecture configuration. They consist of the following: (i) a procedure to choose an adequate shape of the unit cell domain where the TOP is formulated and shapes of Voronoi cells associated with Bravais lattices are adopted and (ii) a procedure to choose an initial material distribution within the Voronoi cell being utilized as the initial configuration for the iterative TOP.  相似文献   

17.
    
The internal element connectivity parameterization (I‐ECP) method is an alternative approach to overcome numerical instabilities associated with low‐stiffness element states in non‐linear problems. In I‐ECP, elements are connected by zero‐length links while their link stiffness values are varied. Therefore, it is important to interpolate link stiffness properly to obtain stably converging results. The main objective of this work is two‐fold (1) the investigation of the relationship between the link stiffness and the stiffness of a domain‐discretizing patch by using a discrete model and a homogenized model and (2) the suggestion of link stiffness interpolation functions. The effects of link stiffness penalization on solution convergence are then tested with several numerical examples. The developed homogenized I‐ECP model can also be used to physically interpret an intermediate design variable state. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

18.
    
As the aerospace and automotive industries continue to strive for efficient lightweight structures, topology optimization (TO) has become an important tool in this design process. However, one ever-present criticism of TO, and especially of multimaterial (MM) optimization, is that neither method can produce structures that are practical to manufacture. Optimal joint design is one of the main requirements for manufacturability. This article proposes a new density-based methodology for performing simultaneous MMTO and multijoint TO. This algorithm can simultaneously determine the optimum selection and placement of structural materials, as well as the optimum selection and placement of joints at material interfaces. In order to achieve this, a new solid isotropic material with penalization-based interpolation scheme is proposed. A process for identifying dissimilar material interfaces based on spatial gradients is also discussed. The capabilities of the algorithm are demonstrated using four case studies. Through these case studies, the coupling between the optimal structural material design and the optimal joint design is investigated. Total joint cost is considered as both an objective and a constraint in the optimization problem statement. Using the biobjective problem statement, the tradeoff between total joint cost and structural compliance is explored. Finally, a method for enforcing tooling accessibility constraints in joint design is presented.  相似文献   

19.
    
The integrated optimization of lightweight cellular materials and structures are discussed in this paper. By analysing the basic features of such a two‐scale problem, it is shown that the optimal solution strongly depends upon the scale effect modelling of the periodic microstructure of material unit cell (MUC), i.e. the so‐called representative volume element (RVE). However, with the asymptotic homogenization method used widely in actual topology optimization procedure, effective material properties predicted can give rise to limit values depending upon only volume fractions of solid phases, properties and spatial distribution of constituents in the microstructure regardless of scale effect. From this consideration, we propose the design element (DE) concept being able to deal with conventional designs of materials and structures in a unified way. By changing the scale and aspect ratio of the DE, scale‐related effects of materials and structures are well revealed and distinguished in the final results of optimal design patterns. To illustrate the proposed approach, numerical design problems of 2D layered structures with cellular core are investigated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

20.
    
We study the alternative ‘simultaneous analysis and design’ (SAND) formulation of the local stress‐constrained and slope‐constrained topology design problem. It is demonstrated that a standard trust‐region Lagrange–Newton sequential quadratic programming‐type algorithm—based, in this case, on strictly convex and separable approximate subproblems—may converge to singular optima of the local stress‐constrained problem without having to resort to relaxation or perturbation techniques. Moreover, because of the negation of the sensitivity analyses—in SAND, the density and displacement variables are independent—and the immense sparsity of the SAND problem, solutions to large‐scale problem instances may be obtained in a reasonable amount of computation time. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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