CAD／CAM软件在虚拟制造中的应用及展望

本文概述了虚拟制造技术的概念,分析了在虚拟制造技术中ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ软件的应用特点。介绍了我国中小企业目前的状况和对ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ软件的需求。接着介绍了我国自主版权的ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ软件ＣＡＸＡ在烟台北极星模具厂生产过程中的应用。最后文章展望了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ软件在未来制造业的发展。     

VB和AutoCAD间的数据通信技术

文中介绍了流行的Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ应用程序开发工具语言ＶＢ和流行的ＣＡＤ软件包ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ间的三种数据通信技术,以实例详细地阐述了ＶＢ和ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ间的ＡｃｔｉｖｅＸ接口技术,为以后ＶＢ程序员进行ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ二次开发开放了ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ的制定和开发模式,解决了ＶＢ和ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ间数据接口的难题。     

基于ActiveX技术的图纸标题栏信息自动提取

剖析了ＡｃｔｉｖｅＸ Ａｕｔｏｍａｔｉｏｎ技术和ＡｒｔｏＣＡＤ Ｒ１４新提供的Ａｕｔｏｎｍａｔｉｏｎ编程接口,在此基础上介绍了基于ＡｃｔｉｖｅＸ Ａｕｔｏｍｔｉｏｎ技术从ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ的ＤＷＧ文件中自动提取标题栏和明细栏管理信息的方法,并给出了关键技术的源程序．在此技术上开发出的软件包在实践中得到了较好的应用．     

FORTRAN程序调用MATLAB引擎实现计算可视化

探索了ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ程序调用ＭＡＴＬＡＢ函数的基本原理,用实例介绍了调用ＭＡＴＬＡＢ引擎函数,实现ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ程序计算结果的可视化过程。并给出如何编译带有ＭＡＴＬＡＢ引擎函数ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ程序的具体技术。     

AutoCAD不同版本间的汉字兼容问题

用Ａｕｔｏｌｉｓｐ语言进行了ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ的二次开发,解决了在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤＲ１４ｆｏｒｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ中无法调用ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤＲ１２中的汉字问题。     

注塑模CAD／CAE／CAM技术及其发展概况

分析了注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ技术的基本内容，综述了国内外注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ技术的主要特点和研究概况，并指出了存在的问题。提出采用特征造型技术、融合人工智能技术、勾通注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ技术，并指出了进一步发展的方向。     

构造MAS的动态体系结构的模型

从软件体系结构这一全新的角度研究了ＭＡＳ（Ｍｕｌｔｉ－Ａｇｅｎｔ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ）,并采用了进程演算π演算作为ＭＡＳ的形式化手段,为了建立动态的ＭＡＳ体系结构,首先提出了一种ＭＡＳ模型,并用多价π演算进行了形式化的描述,然后根据Ａｇｅｎｔ在ＭＡＳ中所扮演的角色及地位,建立了一种与ＣＯＲＢＡ相似的ＭＡＳ体系结构ＣＡＲＢＡ,并分析了该体系结构的动态性。     

ATM适配层数据通信协议研究

本文讨论了ＡＴＭ网络用于数据通信的ＡＴＭ适配层协议：ＡＡＬ３／４和ＡＡＬ５，研究其协议格式，传输效率。在此基础上，提出了一种具有ＡＡＬ３／４，ＡＡＬ５协议优点的ＭＡＡＬ３协议，并对这三种协议的功能，传输效率进行了比较研究。     

CAD／CAM／CAE技术在高压电器设计制造中的应用

本文分析了我国传统高压电器设计和制造中现实存在的不能满足电力工业需要的问题，提出了在高压电器工业中采用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ技术所能解决的问题，指出了与高压电器ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ相关的技术，分析了我国高压电器ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ技术发展及其受限制的种种问题，提出了发展我国高压电器ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ技术的切实可行的措施，对于我国工业的迅速发展有重要意义。     

CAD／CAM／CAE技术在高压电器设计制造中的应用

本文分析了我国传统高压电器设计和制造过程中现实存在的不能满足电力工业需要的问题，提出了在高压电器工业中采用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ技术所能解决的问题，指出了与高压电器ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ相关的技术，分析了我国高压电器ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ技术的发展及其受限制的种种问题，提出了发展我国高压电器ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ／ＣＡＥ技术的切实可行的措施，对于我国工业的迅速发展有重要意义。     

Integration | Innovation | Inclusion: Values,Variables and the Design of Human Environments

Complexity, complication, contradiction, consumption, confusion, delusion, depression. Opportunity, inspiration, ingenuity, compassion, wisdom. Our world is perplexing, our times are fast moving, and our choices are many. To find an appropriate path is a daunting yet vital challenge that confronts us as individuals, as communities, and as a civilization. How sustainable is our world? How reasonable are our behaviors? The present article is a collection of thoughts on a series of intertwined issues related to the contemporary world, its environmental dimensions, and their present-day problems. The goal is to survey the landscape through a lens of Environmental Design, to provide some perspectives, to raise some questions, and to explore systems, beliefs, and values informing and influencing actions. It is important to consider how people's belief systems influence, inform, and shape actions. This holds true in realms political, spiritual, and cultural. It also proves relevant in the ways in which we imagine, design, develop, and construct our buildings, cities, spaces, and places.

Appropriate solutions to some of our most daunting problems will arise through the concerted efforts, open dialogue, and collective wisdom of the wide array of stakeholders, professionals, politicians, decision makers, and citizens (both engaged and disenfranchised) who have the will and wherewithal to make a difference and to make the world safer, healthier, and better. It seems vital for us to critically examine, and question, our belief systems and their connections to the ways we define, refine, and realize progress. Architecture and Environmental Design, in both a philosophical and a practical sense, reflect as well as form greater aspirations, directions, and events of our times.     

计算机城市灾害预测系统

根据灰色系统理论,为城市灾害行为提供科学可靠分析,是有效的城市防灾及减灾对策的科学依据,此系统基于地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）做到了良好的动态图形界面和人机对话环境,为政府部门,消防,房管,保险公司提供了科学防灾数据,对预防和减轻灾害有着巨大的社会和经济效益。     

基于RGB-D信息的移动机器人SLAM和路径规划方法研究与实现

移动机器人在各种辅助任务中需具备自主定位、建图、路径规划与运动控制的能力。本文利用RGB-D信息和ORB-SLAM算法进行自主定位,结合点云数据和GMapping算法建立环境栅格地图,基于二次规划方法进行平滑可解析的路径规划,并设计非线性控制器,实现了由一个运动底盘、一个RGB-D传感器和一个运算平台组成的自主移动机器人系统。经实验验证,这一系统实现了复杂室内环境下的实时定位与建图、自主移动和障碍物规避。由此,为移动机器人的推广应用提供了一个硬件结构简单、性能良好、易扩展、经济性好、开发维护方便的解决方案。     

Expert system verification and validation: a survey and tutorial

Assuring the quality of an expert system is critical. A poor quality system may make costly errors resulting in considerable damage to the user or owner of the system, such as financial loss or human suffering. Hence verification and validation, methods and techniques aimed at ensuring quality, are fundamentally important. This paper surveys the issues, methods and techniques for verifying and validating expert systems. Approaches to defining the quality of a system are discussed, drawing upon work in both computing and the model building disciplines, which leads to definitions of verification and validation and the associated concepts of credibility, assessment and evaluation. An approach to verification based upon the detection of anomalies is presented, and related to the concepts of consistency, completeness, correctness and redundancy. Automated tools for expert system verification are reviewed. Considerable attention is then given to the issues in structuring the validation process, particularly the establishment of the criteria by which the system is judged, the need to maintain objectivity, and the concept of reliability. This is followed by a review of validation methods for validating both the components of a system and the system as a whole, and includes examples of some useful statistical methods. Management of the verification and validation process is then considered, and it is seen that the location of methods for verification and validation in the development life-cycle is of prime importance.     

Real-world effectiveness of Ergonomic methods

The way ahead with the practical development and application of Ergonomic methods is through a better anticipation and appreciation of changes to system effectiveness and human work that will be incurred through the introduction of new technologies to the workplace. These improvements will involve an improved awareness by the system of the working context and environment. The argued future is with improvements in the handling and use of knowledge by systems. The development of suitable Ergonomics methods, or the careful adaptation of existing methods, should accompany any technological revolution. Moreover, future methods are needed that are specifically developed to be applicable to the real time study of work considering both work context and the amalgamation of results from the use of many diverse methods throughout the design and development life cycle of a system. Part of this process will be a necessary complementation of both quantitative and qualitative methods and guidelines. Another focus should be on creating improved Ergonomics participation within multidisciplinary system design and development environments throughout the system's life cycle. Only through this avenue can Ergonomics show a consistent and valued contribution to quality design and its development. In parallel to such a contribution will be an acceptance by other engineering disciplines, managers, and customers that such an application of Ergonomics is cost effective.     

Environmental ergonomics: a review of principles, methods and models

A review of the principles, methods and models used in environmental ergonomics is provided in terms of the effects of heat and cold, vibration, noise and light on the health, comfort and performance of people. Environmental ergonomics is an integral part of the discipline of ergonomics and should be viewed and practised from that perspective. Humans do not respond to the environment in a way monotonically related to direct measures of the physical environment. There are human characteristics which determine human sensitivities and responses. Practical methods for assessing responses to individual environmental components are presented as well as responses to ‘total’ environments and current and proposed International Standards concerned with the ergonomics of the physical environment.     

Gain-scheduled H ∞ filtering of parameter-varying discrete-time systems via parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions

This paper is concerned with the problem of gain-scheduled H _∞ filter design for a class of parameter-varying discrete-time systems. A new LMI-based design approach is proposed by using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. Recommended by Editorial Board member Huanshui Zhang under the direction of Editor Jae Weon Choi. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China under Grants 60874058, by 973 program No 2009CB320600, but also the National Natural Science Foundation of Province of Zhejiang under Grants Y107056, and in part by a Research Grant from the Australian Research Council. Shaosheng Zhou received the B.S. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1992, July 1996 and October 2001, from Qufu Normal University and Southeast University. His research interests include nonlinear control and stochastic systems. Baoyong Zhang received the B.S. and M.Sc. degrees in Applied Mathematics, in July 2003 and July 2006, all from Qufu Normal University. His research interests include and nonlinear systems, robust control and filtering. Wei Xing Zheng received the B.Sc. degree in Applied Mathematics and the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering, in January 1982, July 1984 and February 1989, respectively, all from the Southeast University, Nanjing, China. His research interests include signal processing and system identification.     

Developing Faculty ICT Competencies Inside and Outside the Library

Despite all the financial resources that are directed to support and acquire learning technologies, the results have been generally disappointing. Faculty are eager to use technology but lack the technical skills, ability, and experience. Library staff includes a talent tool rich in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)/WEB 2.0 technical expertise and experience. In terms of content sourcing and procurement, library technical services and selection staff have broad knowledge of the marketplace for online information and content as well as experience in licensing access. They have a firm grasp of the transaction process, workflows, pricing, and licensing negotiations. Content development and sourcing inevitably involves access management, online storage, copyright, and licensing—things at which libraries are good. ICT deployment is changing teaching and learning on campuses, and the roles of those involved in teaching and learning are also changing. Whether formally through mandated library services, or informally through back channels, library staff are supporting faculty new technology use as well as faculty teaching materials content sourcing and procurement.     

Remote sensing of soil salinity: potentials and constraints

Soil salinity caused by natural or human-induced processes is a major environmental hazard. The global extent of primary salt-affected soils is about 955 M ha, while secondary salinization affects some 77 M ha, with 58% of these in irrigated areas. Nearly 20% of all irrigated land is salt-affected, and this proportion tends to increase in spite of considerable efforts dedicated to land reclamation. This requires careful monitoring of the soil salinity status and variation to curb degradation trends, and secure sustainable land use and management. Multitemporal optical and microwave remote sensing can significantly contribute to detecting temporal changes of salt-related surface features. Airborne geophysics and ground-based electromagnetic induction meters, combined with ground data, have shown potential for mapping depth of salinity occurrence. This paper reviews various sensors (e.g. aerial photographs, satellite- and airborne multispectral sensors, microwave sensors, video imagery, airborne geophysics, hyperspectral sensors, and electromagnetic induction meters) and approaches used for remote identification and mapping of salt-affected areas. Constraints on the use of remote sensing data for mapping salt-affected areas are shown related to the spectral behaviour of salt types, spatial distribution of salts on the terrain surface, temporal changes on salinity, interference of vegetation, and spectral confusions with other terrain surfaces.As raw remote sensing data need substantial transformation for proper feature recognition and mapping, techniques such as spectral unmixing, maximum likelihood classification, fuzzy classification, band ratioing, principal components analysis, and correlation equations are discussed. Lastly, the paper presents modelling of temporal and spatial changes of salinity using combined approaches that incorporate different data fusion and data integration techniques.     

Multiple labels associative classification

Building fast and accurate classifiers for large-scale databases is an important task in data mining. There is growing evidence that integrating classification and association rule mining can produce more efficient and accurate classifiers than traditional techniques. In this paper, the problem of producing rules with multiple labels is investigated, and we propose a multi-class, multi-label associative classification approach (MMAC). In addition, four measures are presented in this paper for evaluating the accuracy of classification approaches to a wide range of traditional and multi-label classification problems. Results for 19 different data sets from the UCI data collection and nine hyperheuristic scheduling runs show that the proposed approach is an accurate and effective classification technique, highly competitive and scalable if compared with other traditional and associative classification approaches. Fadi Abdeljaber Thabtah received a B.S. degree in Computer Science from Philadelphia University, Jordan, in 1997 and an M.S. degree in Computer Science from California State University, USA in 2001. From 1996 to 2001, he worked as professional in database programming and administration in United Insurance Ltd. in Amman. In 2002, he started his academic career and joined the Philadelphia University as a lecturer. He is currently a final graduate student at the Department of Computer Science, Bradford University, UK. He has published about seven scientific papers in the areas of data mining and machine learning. His research interests include machine learning, data mining, artificial intelligence and object-oriented databases. Peter Cowling is a Professor of Computing at the University of Bradford. He obtained M.A. and D.Phil. degrees from the University of Oxford. He leads the Modelling Optimisation Scheduling And Intelligent Control (MOSAIC) research centre (http://mosaic.ac), whose main research interests lie in the investigation and development of new modelling, optimisation, control and decision support technologies, which bridge the gap between theory and practice. Applications include production and personnel scheduling, intelligent game agents and data mining. He has published over 40 scientific papers in these areas and is active as a consultant to industry. Yonghong Peng's research areas include machine learning and data mining, and bioinformatics. He has published more than 35 scientific papers in related areas. Dr. Peng is a member of the IEEE and Computer Society, and has been a member of the programme committee of several conferences and workshops. Dr. Peng referees papers for several journals including the IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (part C), IEEE Trans. on Evolutionary Computation, Journal of Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Journal of Bioinformatics, and Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, and is refereeing papers for several conferences.