非对称X结波导混合耦合器的改进型设计

为了减小非对称X结波导混合耦合器的串音和功耗,增大实现模式分离的非对称端分支角,提出了一种改进型设计.用光束传播法结合有效折射率法模拟分析了改进后的非对称X结波导混合耦合器的串音与功耗,结果表明其串音比原来有了大幅度的减小,而且功耗也得到了改善.     

Proposal of method for estimating received signal characteristicsin mobile communication environments

A method for estimating the received signal characteristics (MERS) is developed. The MERS aims at estimating the received power and the fading spectrum at the mobile in mobile communication environments. In MERS, these characteristics are estimated on the basis of both an angular probability density distribution (APD) of wave arrival and a radiation pattern. The APD can also be estimated under arbitrary environmental conditions in the MERS. For the estimation of the APD of wave arrival, a novel propagation model is proposed in this paper. The model consists of an environment model that represents the statistical features of the configuration of buildings along streets and a path model that represents geometrical propagation paths from a transmitting point to a receiving point on the streets. The estimated results of the received signal characteristics are compared with the measured ones. It is proved that the received power and the fading spectrum can be closely estimated     

半导体激光器端面抽运Nd:Ti:LiNbO3波导激光器理论与分析

用光束传播法（Ｂｅａｍ Ｐｒｏｐａｇａｔｉｎｇ Ｍｅｔｈｏｄ）计算并分析了用半导体激光器端面抽运的１．０８４ μｍ ＮｄｖＴｉｖＬｉＮｂＯ３ 波导激光器输出功率的理论模型。用Ｎｄ３＋ 的原子复极化率来描述受激辐射光的增益与抽运光的吸收,且考虑到前进与后退光波的相互作用,给出激活媒质的粒子数空间反转分布,并修改了抽运吸收和受激辐射截面的取值,使之适用于半导体激光器从波导激光器端面抽运,计算值与实验值符合得很好。     

激光在动态大气湍流中的传播特性研究

激光束在大气中传播的过程中会受到大气湍流的影响,导致光斑发生畸变,影响光束质量,并且在真实情况下湍流是随着时间变化的。本文针对这一问题,基于傅里叶变换的谱反演法建立了湍流相位屏模型,并根据湍流冻结法获得动态相位屏,开展了激光在不同强度的动态大气湍流中传输的仿真研究。仿真结果表明:对于相同的激光束,在相同时间内的光斑畸变随着大气湍流强度的增加而增加,并且接收到的功率密度整体上减小,起伏增加。     

Faraday效应对空间目标探测雷达的影响

分析了电离层Faraday旋转效应对空间目标探测雷达的影响。从磁离子理论出发,结合电离层模型和地球磁场模型,使用了一种快速的Faraday旋转角计算模型,并与传统使用的经验计算方法进行了比较,表明该方法普适性强,更适用于中国地区。针对当前国际上典型的空间目标探测雷达工作频段,选取我国海口（低纬地区）和长春（中纬地区）为代表,分别计算了太阳活动极大年和极小年间的Faraday旋转角,给出了仿真结果并进行分析,表明Faraday旋转效应给线极化方式雷达带来明显的回波能量损失。在进行雷达设计时,需要将该效应与雷达系统性能综合考虑,采用合适的天线极化方式。     

室内带金属家具环境的电波传播特性研究

射线跟踪方法是研究室内复杂环境电波传播特性的有效技术。基于改进的入射及反弹射线法和镜像法研究了室内有金属家具的电波传播特性,仿真结果与已知文献测量结果对比,一致性良好,证明了该方法在室内复杂环境预测电波传播特性的正确性和有效性。仿真结果表明：（1）视距传播（LOS）绕射对接收功率贡献很小,可以忽略;非视距范围内（NLOS）绕射贡献较大,不可忽略,三次反射对整个室内的接收功率影响都很小。（2）金属家具的存在导致了视距范围内接收功率的剧烈波动,非视距范围内的接收功率波动不明显。（3）有金属家具房间的均方根时延变化幅度大。（4）到达角在空房间中近似于均匀分布,加入金属家具后,在视距范围内波动剧烈。（5）受到达角的影响,多普勒频移变化情况与到达角分布一致。分析结果为室内有金属家具环境的无线通信系统设计提供了有效的理论依据。     

基于块正交匹配追踪预处理的米波多输入多输出雷达测高方法研究

米波雷达具有很好的反隐身性能。多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的波形分集具有高自由度特点,使MIMO雷达在检测和参数估计等方面具有更多优势,故米波MIMO雷达受到广泛研究。而测高是米波MIMO雷达最重要的问题之一。针对米波MIMO雷达测高问题,最大似然和广义多重信号分类方法是米波MIMO阵列雷达测高方法行之有效的算法,但其计算量大,工程中难以接受。该文提出一种基于块正交匹配追踪(BOMP)预处理的方法来降低计算量。首先对MIMO阵列接收数据稀疏化处理,然后通过数学操作将其变形至适合于BOMP算法的信号模型,然后利用粗栅格得到角度粗估计。并以此为初始值中心,取MIMO雷达波束宽度作为搜索范围。仿真结果表明该算法能有效降低搜索类测高算法的计算量。      

非视线单次散射大气传输模型研究

为了研究波长为1.06μm的红外激光散射通信系统各种几何参量对系统性能的影响,利用非视线单次散射大气传输模型分析了接收机、发射机的收发视场、俯仰角以及传输距离等几何参量对接收机接收功率和路径传输损耗的影响。结果表明,增大接收机的视场可以提高探测到的散射光信号功率,而增加发射机的发散角则基本不影响接收到的信号功率;在其它参量不变的情况下,增大接收机或者发射机的仰角都减小了接收机的探测到的信号功率;在散射角和传输距离一定的情况下,适当地降低发射机的仰角可以提高接收机探测到的散射光信号功率。这些结果对系统设计有一定的参考价值。     

采用波束选择的室内漫射红外无线通信系统

文章应用码分多址的思想,提出一种具有自动波束选择的室内漫射红外通信系统方 案。该方案采用光正交码(OOC)作为收发器标识,根据接收器相关值选择发射器光束。通信过程分为两个阶段:波束选择阶段和数据传输阶段。波束选择阶段,所有指向不同的发射器同时发射,接收端完成捕获和最优波束选择,并将选择结果通知发送端;数据传输阶段发送端采用最优波束传输信号。本文仿真验证了所提方案的性能,数值结果表明:与普通准漫射链路相比,在满足接收机最小可探测功率条件下,本方案对平均发射功率要求可降低2. 1dB;在总发射功率相同情况下,接收机表面平均辐射照度可提高39. 7%。     

聚焦光束热晕效应相位补偿定标规律研究

非线性热晕效应对高能激光大气传输有重要的影响,一个可以用来预测和评价高能激光在不同传输条件下自适应光学系统补偿效果的定标规律对实际的工程应用有重要的意义。利用激光大气传输四维仿真程序,通过仿真不同空间带宽的自适应光学系统,在均匀路径下,对不同发射口径、不同传输距离聚焦光束稳态热晕的相位补偿进行了数值计算。结果表明,自适应光学系统空间带宽对聚焦光束热晕效应的相位补偿影响差别不大,使用广义畸变参数N可以较好地定标其相位补偿效果。     

激光引信目标近场散射特性研究

基于激光引信近场散射模型,采用波速分割技术来处理宽波束局部照射目标的散射功率的计算,提出一种激光近场散射仿真算法,并运用计算机仿真技术结合粗糙面光散射理论,模拟计算激光引信接收功率,计算结果与实际测量吻合的较好。     

湍流大气外尺度对波束地-空传播闪烁影响研究

根据在中度和强湍流大气条件下引入空间频率滤波函数的修正Rytov方法,从理论上给出了地-空斜程路径上从弱到强起伏下包含湍流内、外尺度效应的激光高斯波束闪烁指数模型.该模型在相应的条件下分别可转变为波束波水平视距路径传播的闪烁模型和平面、球面波的闪烁指数模型.应用该模型,分析了湍流内、外尺度对波束波地-空路径传播时闪烁指数的影响.结果表明,在中度起伏条件下,内尺度对闪烁的影响是相当显著的,而外尺度的影响较小;从中到强起伏区,随着湍流强度的增加或传播距离的增加,外尺度影响逐渐的增大;在强起伏区,外尺度的影响已达到与内尺度影响具有同样的程度.因此,对于光波束在较强湍流中传播或在大气中传播路径较长时,对光波束闪烁预测不但要考虑内尺度效应,而且也要考虑外尺度效应.     

卫星光通信光束对准误差分析

卫星间光通信链路中对准误差对接收功率和误码率都有严重的影响.对高斯型光束的传输与接收损耗的关系进行了研究,得出了接收光功率和误码率公式,并用数值分析方法进行了定量分析.     

非线性阶跃型折射率光纤基模传播常数的变分公式

用变分法导出了克尔型（Ｋｅｒｒ—ｌａｗ）非线性阶跃型折射率光纤基模的传播常数公式结果表明，光束功率对基模的传播常数有显著影响。     

Transmission characteristics of optical asymmetric Y junction witha gap region

A novel type of asymmetric Y junction structure is proposed. This Y junction has a gap region so that the required power splitting ratio can be obtained simply even when the branching angle is kept fixed. The transmission characteristics of the proposed Y junction are simulated by means of a beam propagation method (BPM). It is shown that this Y junction has a marked advantage of flexibility in practical use over the conventional asymmetric Y junction. It is estimated that, when the configuration is applied to the 3-dB power divider, a drastic reduction in radiation losses compared with usual symmetric Y junction results     

Wide-Angle Beam Propagation Method Using Local Reference Indices

Inspired by the local dimming technology in liquid crystal displays, we propose a modified wide-angle beam propagation formulation with local reference indices for the first time to improve the performance in wide-angle simulation. The reference indices in the proposed formulation are spatially varying in both propagation and transverse directions, instead of a single reference index over the whole computation domain as in commonly used formulation. The proposed formulation is simple and only a minor modification from conventional one, and extra computation effort is relatively small. It can greatly improve the accuracy in modeling for wide-angle cases.      

SBR image approach for radio wave propagation in tunnels with andwithout traffic

We propose a deterministic approach to model the radio propagation channels in tunnels with and without traffic. This technique applies the modified shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method to find equivalent sources (images) in each launched ray tube and sums the receiving complex amplitude contributed by all images coherently. In addition, the vector effective antenna height (VEH) is introduced to consider the polarization-coupling effect resulting from the shape of the tunnels. We verify this approach by comparing the numerical results in two canonical examples where closed-form solutions exist. The good agreement indicates that our method can provide a good approximation of high-frequency radio propagation inside tunnels where reflection is dominant. We show that the propagation loss in tunnels can vary considerably according to the tunnel shapes and the traffic inside them. From the results we also find a “focusing” effect, which makes the power received in an arched tunnel higher than that in a rectangular tunnel. Besides, the deep fading that appears in a rectangular tunnel is absent in an arched tunnel. The major effect of the traffic is observed to be the fast fading due to the reflection/obstruction of vehicles. Additional considerations, such as time delay, wall roughness, and wedge diffraction of radio wave propagation in tunnels are left for future studies     

Full vectorial finite-element solution of nonlinear bistable optical waveguides

The accurate computation of the propagation constants and field distributions of different modes in nonlinear optical dielectric waveguides is addressed in this paper. Using the vector finite-element formulation of the beam propagation method, combined with the imaginary distance propagation technique, both linear and nonlinear modes can be accurately calculated. The proposed technique is applied to obtain the fundamental TE nonlinear mode of a strip-loaded waveguide, and the excellent agreement seen with published results shows its high numerical precision.     

A Rigorous 2D Approximation Technique for 3D Waveguide Structures for BPM Calculations

We propose a rigorous 2D approximation technique for the 3D waveguide structures; it can minimize the well‐known approximation errors of the commonly used effective index method. The main concept of the proposed technique is to compensate for the effective cladding index in the equivalent slab model of the original channel waveguide from the modal effective index calculated by the nonuniform 2D finite difference method. With simulations, we used the proposed technique to calculate the coupling characteristics of a directional coupler by the 2D beam propagation method, and the results were almost exactly the same as the results calculated by the 3D beam propagation method.     

塔架环境通信网络信道模型及性能研究

复杂塔架场景无线信道多径效应更为严重,本文结合射线追踪算法提出一种三维多径簇信道模型,该模型通过几何方法追踪每一条射线路径,并对大量接收射线进行分簇,获得簇时延与簇功率等模型参数,进而获得无线通信系统的误码率性能。针对真实的三维塔架分析信道模型参数,包括传播路径、时延、接收功率、误码性能等统计特性。数值仿真结果表明,本文推导理论结果与仿真结果一致,能够准确评估塔架环境的通信性能,可有效用于优化传感器网络的部署和性能评估等领域。