新型橡胶粉和抗车辙剂复合改性沥青混合料级配优化

新型橡胶粉和抗车辙剂改性沥青混合料路面高低温性能稳定,为优化其级配设计并提高路用性能,采用均匀设计法和正交设计法分别确定粗细集料关键粒径的筛孔通过率,对试验数据进行回归分析,通过综合粗细集料级配优化结果确定混合料集料总体最优级配,并通过分析优化级配下的高低温性能指标验证级配的适用性.试验结果表明,混合料嵌挤形成最优骨架结构时,粗集料最大含量占65%;能显著影响混合料高低温性能的因素是粗集料4.75 mm筛孔通过率、2.36 mm细集料筛孔通过率及油石比;建议混合料关键粒径16～13.2、13.2～9.5、9.5～4.75、4.75～2.36、2.36～0.3、0.3～0.075 mm的筛孔通过率分别为95%、67%、32%、20%、13.5%、5%,并给出建议的油石比为4.7%,最后给出了优化级配范围.     

基于离散元理论的OGFC矿料级配设计

提出开级配沥青磨耗层(open graded friction courses,OGFC)混合料矿料级配设计应针对粗细集料在混合料中所起的作用不同进行分别设计的理念.提出基于离散元理论和试验相结合的OGFC混合料粗集料级配设计的新方法:以4.75 mm筛孔通过率作为粗集料级配控制点,根据离散元理论计算粗集料中各粒径最优体积分数,通过粗集料的干捣试验进行VCAmin的验证,根据粗集料空隙率和设计空隙率的要求,确定粗集料的级配.采用N法进行OGFC混合料的细集料级配设计,为了满足设计空隙率的要求,在细集料设计中要求2.36～4.75 mm的质量分数不超过5%.在研究粗集料和细集料级配设计的基础之上给出了OGFC矿料新的级配范围.     

基于抗车辙性能的AC-13沥青混合料级配范围研究

以2.36mm作为AC-13沥青混合料级配的粗细集料分界点;对2.36mm以上粗集料部分,采用各粒径不同比例的堆积密度试验进行研究,并以最小矿料间隙率作为判据确定粗集料的合理级配组成;选取不同细集料组成、不同粗细比例的9种级配的AC-13沥青混合料进行冻融劈裂试验和车辙试验。研究结果表明:2.36mm通过率对沥青混合料高温抗车辙能力和水稳定性影响较大;根据室内试验结果和级配应用经验,提出了适应于夏炎热区气候特点的AC-13沥青混合料工程设计级配范围,以提高夏炎热区沥青路面抗车辙能力。     

AC-16型沥青混合料工程设计级配范围研究

新《公路沥青路面施工技术规范》中AC-16沥青混合料的矿料级配范围定的太宽，需结合工程情况提出工程设计级配范围。在提出武汉地区沥青路面使用性能气候分区的基础上，对4种AC-16级配形成的沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性等使用性能进行了研究，提出适用于武汉地区高等级公路沥青路面的AC-16型沥青混合料的工程设计级配范围，并给出其设计级配的选择建议。     

基于BP神经网络的沥青混合料级配检测研究

为了准确、简便检测沥青混合料的设计级配,基于图像处理,通过改进电子筛分方式,将集料颗粒的平面形状分为三类分别进行统计,得到沥青混合料的平面级配,然后使用BP神经网络对沥青混合料的设计级配进行检测,以不同粒径粗集料的平面级配作为输入层,以不同粒径粗集料的设计级配作为输出层,对200组归一化处理后的平面级配进行神经网络训练和测试。结果表明:改进后的电子筛分方式较直接使用等效直径法和等效椭圆短轴法检测沥青混合料级配具有更高的正确率;使用BP神经网络对设计级配进行检测,各粒径的平均正确率分别为88.1%(4.75 mm),91.2%(9.5 mm),93.8%(13.2 mm),95.1%(16 mm),100%(19 mm),平面级配与设计级配的相关性较好。该方法为沥青混合料的级配检测提供了一种新思路。     

基于灰色关联度的矿料对沥青混合料力学性能的影响分析

为分析矿料含量对沥青混合料力学性能的影响,利用旋转压实方法制备了4种级配沥青混合料,并通过劈裂试验、压缩试验以及蠕变试验研究了4种级配沥青混合料的低温抗开裂能力、常温抗拉/压破坏能力以及蠕变性能。随后,利用卷积积分和Laplace变换推导了4种沥青混合料的松弛模量随加载时间的变化趋势,并结合Burgers模型和二阶广义Maxwell模型对蠕变和松弛特性进行了拟合分析。最后,根据灰色关联度算法计算了矿料含量与沥青混合料力学性能的关联度,分析了矿料含量对混合料力学性能的影响。结果表明:沥青混合料的低温抗开裂、常温抗拉/压性能主要与0.15～0.3 mm和1.18～2.36 mm两档矿料的含量具有较高的相关度;而常温抗蠕变能力主要受0.6～1.18 mm和2.36～4.75 mm两档矿料的影响;温度升高后,抗蠕变能力受矿料含量变化的影响程度增加;松弛强度受细集料含量影响较大,而松弛时间主要受较大粒径矿料含量的影响。     

热拌沥青混合料筛分

用由马歇尔设计法得到AC 13与AC 20的沥青混合料,搅拌后将混合料依次通过孔径为16 mm、13.2 mm、4.75 mm的方孔筛进行筛分;对筛分得到的四档沥青混合料按照一定比例进行重新分配得到新的AC 13（n）与AC 20（n）.通过燃烧法试验测定AC 13（n）与AC 20（n）的沥青含量及其矿料级配曲线.分别对比AC 13（n）、AC 20（n）与AC 13、AC 20的沥青含量和矿料级配曲线变化情况,结果表明:通过对热拌沥青混合料筛分得到的沥青混合料,在沥青含量和矿料级配曲线方面均符合规范规定的范围,且偏离最初的设计很小,因此,热拌沥青混合料的筛分是可行的.     

泡沫沥青分散性状及其与矿料相互作用研究

采用简便的筛分分析法,分别考虑沥青发泡特性、矿料温度、矿料级配组成及矿料拌和水量等材料设计参数,对泡沫沥青混合料中沥青分散性状及沥青与矿料的相互作用进行了分析评价。结果表明:沥青发泡性能及矿料温度的提高有助于提升泡沫沥青的分散均匀性,并在一定程度上增大泡沫沥青裹覆的矿料粒径范围;泡沫沥青在混合料中均匀分散时,其主要裹覆矿料为小于1.18mm、尤其是小于0.3mm的细料颗粒,为确保泡沫沥青混合料性能优良,矿料组成中必须具有足够的小于0.3mm的细料,且细料部分应为连续级配;矿料拌和水量不合理将导致泡沫沥青结团,对泡沫沥青混合料强度及稳定性不利,混合料组成设计中需通过试拌方式确定合适的矿料拌和水量。     

AC-20沥青混合料路用性能优化

综合考虑级配、油石比、砂当量、空隙率和外部荷载等因素,应用正交试验设计和方差理论研究了常用于沥青中面层的AC-20改性沥青混合料组成与路用性能优化问题,优化提出了沥青混合料的组成设计范围。结果表明,空隙率和砂当量是影响路面水稳定性的关键因素,空隙率和粉胶比是影响路面抗车辙性能的又一关键因素,并给出了施工质量控制措施的建议;虽然4.75 mm通过率对马歇尔性能指标的影响不显著,但对70℃高温动稳定度影响很大,优化4.75 mm筛孔通过率可显著提高路面高温稳定性能。     

应力吸收层沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能

通过对自主研发的Sampave等3种改性沥青结合料和不同级配的应力吸收层沥青混合料进行低温弯曲和低温蠕变试验,分析沥青结合料和矿料级配对应力吸收层沥青混合料低温抗裂性能的影响.结果表明:自主研发的Sampave特种改性沥青混合料具有优良的低温抗裂性能,但单一改性剂SBR改性沥青并不能达到应力吸收层沥青结合料的性能要求;矿料4.75 mm、0.075 mm筛孔通过率对其低温抗裂性能影响较敏感.     

Degradation behavior of aggregate skeleton in stone matrix asphalt mixture

The degradation behavior of aggregate skeleton in stone matrix asphalt mixture was investigated based on theoretical analysis, laboratory test and field materials evaluation. A stress-transfer model was established to provide the fundamental understanding of the stress distribution and degradation mechanism of stone matrix asphalt (SMA) aggregate skeleton. Based on the theoretical analysis, crushing test and superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) test were used to evaluate the degradation behavior of aggregate skeleton of SMA. To verify the laboratory test results, gradation analysis was also conducted for the field materials extracted from SMA pavements after long-time service. The results indicate that the degradation of SMA aggregate skeleton is not random but has fixed internal trend and mechanism. Special rule is found for the graded fine aggregates generated from coarse aggregate breakdown and the variation of 4.75 mm aggregate is found to play a key role in the graded aggregates to form well-balanced skeleton to bear external loading. The variation of 4.75 mm aggregate together with the breakdown ratio of aggregate gradation can be used to characterize the degradation behavior of aggregate skeleton. The crushing test and SGC test are proved to be promising in estimating the degradation behavior of SMA skeleton.     

Degradation behaviour analysis of SMA aggregate and skeleton

Based on laboratory tests and field materials evaluation, the inner frictional resistance of SMA skeleton was investigated and then the degradation behaviour of SMA skeleton was characterized for recycling purpose. Inner frictional resistance test was designed to investigate the skeleton characteristics of SMA aggregate mixture. The experimental results indicate that SMA skeleton has much stronger inner frictional resistance than AC skeleton, and coarse aggregates provide main contributions to the inner frictional resistance of SMA skeleton. Crushing test and superpave gyratory compactor （SGC） test were designed to reveal the degradation behaviour of SMA skeleton. To verify the laboratory characterization, field materials were also evaluated. The results indicate that the degradation of SMA skeleton is not random but has fixed internal trend, especially the 4.75mm aggregate plays a key role in the graded aggregates. Based on the testing results, it can be concluded that long-term repeated loading can cause degradation of SMA skeleton. However, the gradation does not keep deteriorating under repeated loading. When the inner frictional resistance is small enough, outside pressure will cause flow deformation of skeleton instead of degradation. Thus, well-designed SMA aggregate mixture is valuable for recycling after long-term in service. And it is important to restore the skeleton, especially the coarse aggregate part.     

基于灰熵法的粗集料间隙率影响因素分析

为了对骨架沥青混合料的嵌挤骨架特性进行深入研究,采取粗集料的骨架间隙率作为评价沥青混合料潜在骨架特性的指标。试验采用粒径范围为4.75～16mm的粗集料进行分析,通过调整粗集料中各粒径组比例,结合集料干捣试验,计算粗集料的间隙率,并运用灰熵法理论计算分析了各粒径组比例对粗集料间隙率的影响,找出影响粗集料间隙率的显著因素。结果表明,各粒径组对粗集料骨架间隙率的影响为:9.5～13.2mm粒径组集料对粗集料骨架间隙率影响显著,13.2～16mm粒径组集料影响次之,4.75～9.5mm粒径组集料影响最小。     

Effects of Aggregate Size and Specimen Scale on Asphalt Mixture Cracking Using a Micromechanical Simulation Approach

A micromechanical model based on discrete element method(DEM) was employed to investigate the effects of aggregate size and specimen scale on the cracking behavior of asphalt mixture. An algorithm for generating three-dimensional aggregates that can reflect the realistic geometry such as shape, size and fracture surface of aggregate particles was developed using a user-defined procedure coded with FISH language in particle flow code in three-dimensions(PFC3 D). The parallel-bond model(PBM), linear contact model(LCM), and slip model(SM), whose sets of micro parameters were obtained by comparing experimental tests with numerical simulation results, were used to characterize the internal contact behavior of asphalt mixture. Digital asphalt mixture specimens were used to simulate the effects of aggregate size and specimen scale on the cracking behavior by the indirect tensile(IDT) test. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: Both cracks and IDT strength decrease with increasing aggregate size. However, the heterogeneity of contact-force distribution augments with increasing aggregate size, especially with 13.2-16 mm aggregate. The aggregate size of 4.75-9.5 mm dominates in forming skeleton structure for asphalt mixture. The IDT strength decreases and cracks augment with increasing sample scale. The crack growth can be well interpreted from the perspective of energy analysis. The conclusions show that the proposed micromechanical model is suitable for the simulation of crack propagation. This study provides an assistant tool to further study the cracking behavior of particle-reinforced composites material such as asphalt mixture and Portland cement concrete.     

Fractal dimension analysis of the fine aggregate gradation of interlocking skeleton asphalt mixture

By analyzing the fine aggregate gradation scales from standards,fine aggregate in the asphalt mixture is regarded as a whole research object and fractal dimensions X of the samples were obtained by linear regression and(AC-13)is 2.43-2.56,Sup-13 is 2.28-2.54,SMA-13 is 2.66-2.88 and SAC-13 is 2.54-2.73.In the dense gradation mixture,there are little different between fractal dimensions of coarse and fine aggregates but it makes sense for skeleton asphalt mixture.For a given coarse aggregate gradation and the...     

级配对Superpave沥青混合料性能的影响

为了研究级配对沥青混合料路用性能的影响,根据Superpave法选取粗细程度不同的两种沥青混合料,用贝雷法分析级配,并进行旋转压实、浸水马歇尔、车辙、低温劈裂室内试验,结果表明：贝雷参数满足要求的级配对沥青混合料的高温性能影响显著,对体积指标、低温抗裂性以及水稳定性有一定影响,尤其是粒径0．3～2．36mm的颗粒含量对沥青混合料性能影响较大;粗级配沥青混合料的路用性能较优。     

贝雷参数对混合料级配特征与施工特性的影响

通过贝雷法对混合料进行级配设计,分析了贝雷参数CA、FAC、FAf对混合料级配特征与施工特性的影响。结果表明:贝雷参数值对沥青混合料的空隙率、矿料间隙率、粗集料骨架的形成、抗车辙性能和压实性能具有显著影响;CA值的变化在很大程度上决定了粗集料的嵌挤程度和混合料的施工特性;FAC值对矿料间隙率影响最大,FAf同FAC类似,其值也影响混合料的施工特性。     

The aggregate gradation for the porous concrete pervious road base material

The effects of the proportion of fine aggregate, the maximum size of the aggregate and the proportion of the 9.5 mm to 4.75 mm particle in the coarse aggregate on the properties of the porous concrete are investigated. Results indicate that the porous concrete with a cement dosage only 150 kg/m^3 has high strength and satisfying permeability when the aggregate has a passing percentage of 4.75 mm around 10% to 15%, with the increase of the maximum size of the aggregate, the strength of the porous concrete decreases and the permeability increases. When the proportion of the 9.5 mm to 4.75 mm particle in the coarse aggregate is about 20%, there are no interference among the particles by Weymouth theory, the strength of the pervious porous concrete reaches the peak value. The optimum continues gradation limit of the aggregate for porous concrete pervious road base material is recommended according to the theoretical calculation and experimental results.     

AC-13改性沥青混合料劈裂强度的影响因素及其与马歇尔性能指标的相关性

应用正交试验设计和统计分析方法研究了AC-13改性沥青混合料在15℃时的劈裂强度的影响因素和排序,以及与马歇尔性能指标的相关性。结果表明,细集料级配对劈裂强度影响显著,其筛孔通过率的排序为2.36mm筛孔4.75mm筛孔0.075mm筛孔油石比9.5mm筛孔。其中,2.36mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度影响接近高度显著,而油石比和9.5mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度影响不显著;劈裂强度与马歇尔性能指标之间存在较为明显的线性相关性,绝对相关系数均大于68%,随空隙率的逐渐增大,劈裂强度衰减近30%。