复合电沉积RE-Ni-W-SiC-PTFE的研究

复合电镀层的耐磨、耐蚀及自润滑性能良好,越来越受到人们的关注。研究了电流密度、温度、ｐＨ 值及镀液中ＰＴＦＥ 含量对镀层中ＰＴＦＥ、ＳｉＣ 含量及沉积速度的影响,优选出一种最佳的复合镀工艺参数。     

电沉积铜基自润滑复合材料的研究进展

从4个方面综述了复合电沉积工艺制备铜基自润滑材料的研究进展,包括固体润滑剂、复合电沉积工艺、摩擦性能和复合电沉积机理。常用的固体润滑剂主要有石墨、MoS2、WS2,、PFFE等。影响复合材料性能的主要因素有电流密度、微粒浓度、搅拌程度等。关于微粒和金属共沉积的内在规律存在不同的理论模型,主要有Guhlielmi模型、MTM模型、Valdes模型、运动轨迹模型和并联吸附模型。简单介绍了纳米复合镀层和复合电铸的发展概况与趋势。提出阴极和颗粒接触局部区域的细节将成为复合电沉积机理的研究重点。     

甜菜碱类两性离子共聚物涂层的构建及释药行为研究

以具有生物相容性的甲基丙烯酸羧酸甜菜碱酯(CBMA)和具有疏水作用的甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯(SMA)为单体,采用传统自由基聚合的方法制备基于甜菜碱的两性离子二元共聚物CBMA-SMA,并对其进行核磁氢谱与红外光谱表征,谱图结果显示聚合物具有预期结构。进一步以疏水性荧光染料罗丹明B为药物模型,分别构建有CBMA-SMA共聚物覆盖的载药涂层和无CBMA-SMA共聚物覆盖的载药涂层,并对不同结构载药涂层的药物释放行为进行初步探索。结果表明,药物释放开始呈线性增长,然后释放速率逐渐趋于稳定,且载药涂层表面的CBMASMA共聚物覆盖层起到了较好的扩散屏障作用,释放速率要小于无CBMA-SMA共聚物覆盖的载药涂层。     

一种新型两性界面活性剂的减阻特性

对一种新合成的两性界面活性剂N,N,N-三甲胺-N′-油酸酰亚胺在二维通道内的减阻特性进行了实验研究.为了能进行低温测试,以20%的甘醇不冻液为溶剂.溶液质量浓度范围为（5×10^-5）～（1×10^-3）,测试温度为-5℃和25℃.用粒子成像测速仪对减阻流动的湍流特性进行了测量.实验表明,这种新型界面活性剂溶液呈现明显减阻特性,且减阻特性与浓度和温度均有很大的关系,最大减阻值可高达83%.该界面活性剂中加入NaNO₂,在低温和低浓度条件下能有效改善减阻效果,而在常温和高浓度条件下反而降低减阻效果.添加界面活性剂抑制了湍流速度脉动和湍流涡脉动,使雷诺剪切应力完全消失.     

电沉积复合镀层的研究现状

近年来,电沉积复合镀层由于其独特的物理、化学、生物和机械性能而得到了迅速发展。在此,介绍了电沉积复合镀层的分类、特性及应用。     

复合电沉积研究的新动向

复合电沉积是获得功能性复合材料镀层的一种新工艺。综述了近年来国内外在复合电沉积研究方面的新动向。重点探讨了多元复合电沉积、纳米复合电沉积、功能梯度材料复合电沉积的研究现状和发展趋势。这三类复合镀层在耐磨性、抗腐蚀性和抗高温氧化性等方面比传统的复合镀层更优越。展望了今后复合电沉积的研究和应用前景。     

复合电沉积工艺研究现状

对电沉积制备金属基复合镀层过程中各种工艺参数包括微粒粒径、微粒含量、搅拌强度、镀液pH值、电流密度、温度和表面活性剂类型等因素对镀层中复合微粒含量的影响的研究现状进行了综述。讨论了复合电沉积过程的可能的机理,指出了今后的发展方向。     

锌/碳纳米管复合电沉积薄膜性能研究

通过复合电沉积技术制备了纳米叠层锌/碳纳米管和光亮锌/碳纳米管2种复合薄膜,薄膜的拉曼光谱验证了锌与碳纳米管的共沉积。薄膜表面的场发射扫描电子显微镜观测显示碳纳米管表面的金属包覆层连续且均匀,预示着良好的界面结合。在2种薄膜的断口和裂纹处分别发现了被拔出基体和桥联的碳纳米管,证实了碳管对基体具有有效的增强作用。     

镍基纳米氮化钛复合镀层的超声辅助电沉积

采用超声辅助电沉积法,在45钢上制备了Ni基纳米TiN复合镀层.研究了纳米TiN浓度、阴极电流密度和超声功率对复合镀层耐磨性的影响.通过正交试验优选出了制备Ni基TiN纳米复合镀层的最佳工艺条件:镀液中TiN质量浓度5g/L,阴极电流密度4A/dm2,超声功率200 W,镀液温度50～60℃,pH 4.0～4.5,十二...     

电沉积纳米复合镀层的研究现状

纳米复合电沉积是一种新兴的复合表面技术。阐述了纳米颗粒与金属共沉积的机理、工艺条件对纳米复合电沉积的影响。以及纳米复合共沉积的应用。纳米与金属共沉积可明显提高镀层的硬度、耐磨、耐蚀、光催化和电接触性能。指出了纳米复合电沉积现存的问题，并为今后的研究提出了建议。     

Preparation of high-performance reverse osmosis membrane by zwitterionic polymer coating in a facile one-step way

Aiming at preparing high-performance polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in a facile and high effective way, the codeposition strategy of dopamine and zwitterionic polymer was first applied to modify PA RO membrane. The noncovalent bonds between dopamine and Poly [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (PSPE) act to fix PSPE onto the membrane surface and simultaneously destroy the interaction force between dopamine aggregations so that the modified layer could equably form on the PA layer. PSPE significantly improved the hydrophilicity [the water contact angle (WCA) of S-D-3 is 25.3°] of the modified membrane. And, the smoother surface was noticed on the modified membrane. All of these endow the PSPE/dopamine modified membrane superb water flux (the maximum water flux is 51.86 L m⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 1.6 MPa and 25 °C) and impressive antifouling and anti-adhesion properties to bovine serum albumin (BSA) (protein), sodium dodecyl sulfate (anionic surfactant), and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (cationic surfactant) with salt retention was well maintained. Notably, in the BSA fouling test, nearly 100% of the flux recovery ratio was achieved. This method is promising to be employed in industrial scale-up production. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48355.     

脉冲电沉积参数对Ti/Pb-WC-PAN复合电极析氧动力学行为及性能的影响

采用脉冲电沉积法制备了钛基铅-碳化钨-聚苯胺(Ti/Pb-WC-PAN)复合镀层,研究了工艺条件及固体颗粒的添加量对Ti/Pb-WC-PAN复合镀层析氧动力学参数及外观、结合力、沉积速率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件为:聚苯胺15 g/L,碳化钨30g/L,脉冲导通时间0.3 ms,脉冲周期1.5 ms,平均电流密度3 A/dm2,温度25℃.与纯铅相比,在此条件下制备的复合电极其析氧电位明显降低约300 mV,电催化活性高.     

电沉积CeO2-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层组织结构的研究

稀土元素因其独特的理化性能而被广泛应用于材料科学领域。为得到理想的复合材料,在Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ－ＳｉＣ复合电镀液中加入稀土氧化物二氧化铈制得ＣｅＯ２－Ｎｉ－Ｗ－Ｐ０ＳｉＣ复合镀层。利用电子探针Ｘ射线能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射仪分析了镀层成分、形貌及组织结构。镀层中含４％～７％碳化硅和５％～１４％二氧化铈,在镀态下为蜚 晶态,在２００℃时开始晶化,至５００℃时一转变为晶态,热处理对镀层表面形貌远     

复合电沉积技术制备Ag-SnO2/Cu电接触元件

通过在电镀银镍合金镀液中添加阳离子活性剂、二氧化锡和微量氧化铟,获得铜基银氧化锡复合镀层,用于生产Ag-SnO<,2>/Cu电接触元件.二氧化锡微粒在加入镀液之前,需用质量分数为0.1%～1.O%的一价碱金属溶液在35-55°C活化20～40 min.研究了二氧化锡微粒的粒度对电接触元件复合镀层中二氧化锡含量及其表面光...     

电沉积制备Ni-W-Al2O3纳米复合镀层的初步研究

初步研究了电沉积Ni-W-Al2O3纳米复合镀层的制备工艺。考察了纳米粒子的分散方式、纳米粒子在镀液中的浓度以及镀液温度对沉积速度、复合量及镀层形貌的影响。结果表明:纳米粒子加入镀液前超声分散1h、施镀时对镀液采用超声搅拌效果最佳;纳米粒子在镀液中的含量为15g/L时沉积速率最大,为2.88g/(dm2·h);镀液温度为75~80°C时沉积速率较大且较稳定,且当施镀温度为75°C时镀层表面均匀有光泽,呈银白色。     

Black nickel electrodeposition from a modified Watts bath

Black nickel coatings were electrodeposited on to steel substrates from a Watts bath containing potassium nitrate. The best operating conditions necessary to produce smooth and highly adherent black nickel were found to be NiSO₄ · 6H₂O 0.63 M, NiCl₂ · 6H₂O 0.09 M, H₃BO₃ 0.3 M and KNO₃ 0.2 M at pH of 4.6, i=0.5 A dm⁻², T=25 °C and t=10 min. The modified Watts bath has a throwing power (TP) of 61%, which is higher than that reported, not only for nickel, but also for many other metals electrodeposited from different baths. The potentiostatic current–time transients indicate instantaneous nucleation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the black nickel deposit is pure metallic nickel with Ni(111) preferred orientation.     

DYSB两性双子表面活性剂的合成与性能测定

以无水对氨基苯磺酸、1,4-二溴正丁烷、溴代十二烷、溴乙烷为主要原料,由氨的烷基化和季铵化反应合成了丁撑-双(乙基十二烷基对磺酸苯基)溴化铵(DYSB),属于磺基甜菜碱两性双子表面活性剂,其水溶液在25℃时的表面活性数据为:cmc=5.0×10-4mol/L,γcmc=25.8 mN/m。研究了无机阳离子和无机阴离子作为反离子对目标产物水溶液表面活性的影响,随着无机盐(NaCl、MgCl2、Na2SO4)浓度的增大,DYSB水溶液表面张力逐渐减小,最终趋于一定值,并且阴离子型反离子对目标产物表面活性的影响比阳离子型反离子的大。     

Poly(dimethylaminoethylmethacryloylpropanesulfonate)‐suitable polymer additive for pulsed electrodeposition of nanocrystalline nickel

Nano‐nickel (n‐Ni) is deposited by a pulsed electrodeposition (PED) in the presence of nonionogenic (poly(ethylene glycol), poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone), starch), anionogenic (gum arabic, sodium alginate), cationic (quaternized guar gum), and polyampholytic (polyzwitterionic) poly(dimethylaminoethylmethacryloylpropanesulfonate) (PDMAEMPS) polymers. It is established that, by PED (40 mA/cm², t_on = 1 ms, t_off = 50 ms, 323 K), the size of the nanocrystalline particles produced in the presence of PDMAEMPS is far less (by a factor of 6–10) than those obtained in the presence of other polymer additives. These comparative results emphasize a new possibility of controlling the nanograin size of the electrodeposited metals by PED. The dramatic difference in the size of the nickel particles and the unique ability of the polyzwitterionic (PZI) additives are connected by the specific for the polyzwitterionic macromolecular conformation response to the pulsatile electric potential. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2967–2971, 2006     

Graphite fiber-epoxy interphase modification by electrodeposition of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) and its influence on composite properties

An electrodeposition technique has been used for the modification of the fiber-matrix interphase in graphite fiber-epoxy composites. A coating of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) polymer was electrodeposited from an aqueous solution on AU graphite fibers used as electrodes in an electrolytic cell. Different electrocoating parameters were initially used to establish the optimum conditions to achieve thin uniform coatings suitable for functioning as interphases in composites reinforced by the coated fibers. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS), evaluated by a single-fiber composite technique, showed that the SMA coating resulted in an improvement of about 50% in IFSS compared with the commercially treated fibers (AS). This was achieved without sacrificing impact strength. Evidence of good epoxy penetration into the coating was obtained by the use of electron microprobe line scans for bromine across the diameter of a filament in a single fiber composite-the bromine introduced through the use of a brominated epoxy resin. The observed improvement in the fiber-matrix interfacial shear strengths is dependent on the co-monomer ratio in electrodeposited SMA.     

工艺条件对电沉积Ni-金刚石复合镀层性能的影响

研究了温度、电流密度、pH等工艺条件对镍-金刚石复合镀层性能的影响。实验表明,在金刚石含量为40 g/L的瓦特镀镍液中,当电流密度为1.5 A/dm2、温度为40℃、pH为3.8时,在45#钢上可获得性能较好的镍-金刚石复合镀层,且沉积速率适中。镀层中金刚石微粒含量为11%~13%(质量分数),镀层硬度为2100 MPa左右,耐磨性能较好。