采用移相掩模技术制作深亚微米“T”型栅

介绍了在GaAs器件制作中,如何提高光刻细线条加工能力、制作深亚微米"T"型栅的工艺技术。该技术采用投影光刻和负性化学放大光刻胶,制作出0.18μm的"T"型栅GaAs PHEMT器件,栅光刻工艺采用了分辨率增强移相掩模技术。根据曝光工具简单介绍了当前GaAs器件中"T"型栅主要制作方法,讨论了"T"型栅制作中所使用的移相掩模原理以及该技术应用于GaAs器件制作的优势,并介绍了工艺制作过程。给出了所制作的"T"型栅扫描电镜剖面照片,并进一步试验、讨论和分析了采用该种移相掩模版进行光刻时所遇到的主要困难及解决方向。     

深亚微米光学光刻工艺技术

光学光刻的生命力仍然在不断延续 ,即使在 0 13 μm及 0 13 μm以下集成电路制造水平上 ,光学光刻仍然是一个非常重要的候选者。深亚微米光学光刻工艺技术目前面临着越来越严重的挑战。对深亚微米光学光刻中的一些关键工艺技术如移相光刻、光学邻近效应校正、远紫外光刻胶、套刻对准误差等进行了论述。     

深亚微米同步辐射x射线光刻技术

报道了我们制作深亚微米ｘ射线掩模的工艺和同步辐射ｘ射线曝光工艺，并报道了我们在北京同步辐射装置（ＢＳＲＦ）３Ｂ１Ａ光刻束线所获得的深亚微米ｘ射线光刻图形的实验结果。     

DUV投影光刻制作T型栅

描述了一种采用化学方法的分辨率增强技术制作深亚微米T型栅的技术。该技术采用DUV投影光刻机和化学放大正性光刻胶(CAR)以及分辨率增强技术,在完成源漏制作等工艺的严重不平坦的GaAs衬底上,采用0.25μm设计的光刻版制作出0.18μmT型栅,突破了采用常规光学光刻时栅长的制作限制。介绍了GaAs器件在栅光刻时遇到的困难,描述了工艺制作过程,并讨论了该工艺技术中每步工艺的思路和采用的工艺原理。通过在6～18GHz GaAsP HEMT功率放大器制作中的应用,提高了器件性能及成品率,并给出了测试结果以及0.18μmT型栅的电镜图片。     

应用于PHEMT器件的深亚微米T形栅光刻技术

PHEMT器件和基于它的高频单片集成电路广泛应用于现代微波/毫米波系统。当PHEMT器件的栅长缩短到足够短的时候,沿着栅宽方向的寄生电阻会影响PHEMT器件的性能。为了解决这个问题,一种具有大截面面积而底部长度却很小的T形栅结构通常被用于制作PHEMT器件,因为这种结构可以有效地减少由于栅寄生电阻而引起的晶体管噪声。对几种常用的制作深亚微米T形栅的三种光刻技术即光学光刻、电子束光刻、X射线光刻技术进行了比较分析。对于光学光刻技术,通常需要采用移相和光学邻近效应校正技术,它的制作成本低,但是很难用于制作深亚微米T形栅;对于电子束光刻技术,通常需要采用高灵敏度和低灵敏度的多层胶技术,虽然它的栅长可以制作到非常小,但是它的生产成本非常高,而且它的生产效率非常低;对于X射线光刻技术,它不仅可以用于制作深亚微米T形栅,而且它的生产效率非常高,T形栅的形状可以非常容易控制。     

深亚微米同步辐射x射线光刻技术

报道了我们制作深亚微米 x射线掩模的工艺和同步辐射 x射线曝光工艺 ,并报道了我们在北京同步辐射装置 (BSRF) 3B1 A光刻束线所获得的深亚微米 x射线光刻图形的实验结果     

等离子超长高精细线条制作工艺研究

影响等离子超长高精细线条制作的因素有很多,牵涉到所有工序,互相交错,关系复杂,需要一个系统的工艺过程来研究该问题。文中总结了等离子超长高精细线条制作的工艺流程,以及各工序制造过程中影响超长精细线条制作与普通线路制作区别的关键控制点。在此基础上,研究明确了主要制程各个加工步骤关键控制点的解决方案,同时给出了这些关键控制点的工艺参数、设备装置、药水调整等的技术细节。     

深亚微米光学光刻设备制造技术

相对于其它“后光学”光刻技术 ,在 0 1 3μm甚至 0 1 3μm以下集成电路制造水平上 ,光学光刻仍然具有强大的吸引力。随着光学光刻极限分辨率的不断提高 ,当代光学光刻设备正面临着越来越严重的挑战。论述了深亚微米光学光刻设备的技术指标和面临的技术困难 ,对其中一些关键的技术解决方案进行了分析。     

深亚微米光学光刻设备制造技术研究

光学光刻在不断发展,促进了集成电路的制造,提高了其制造水平。光学光刻的分辨率在逐步提高,其设备面对着巨大的挑战。本文将对深亚微米光学光刻设备制造技术展开研究。     

同步辐射x射线光刻制作深亚微米T形栅

x射线光刻非常适合用于深亚微米T形栅的制作,这是因为它的高分辨率、大的曝光视场和高的生产效率足以满足MMIC制造工艺的要求。本文中我们首先对我们的x射线掩模制造工艺进行介绍,然后论述了一种用于制造深亚微米T形栅的两层胶工艺,介绍了所取得的一些研究结果,最后对国内的深亚微米光刻现状进行了简要分析。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.