轴流式气液旋流分离器内气相流场的数值研究

应用RSM湍流模型对内径100mm的轴流导叶式气液旋流分离器内气相流场进行了数值研究,计算得到的气流时均速度分布和压力分布与实验测量结果基本吻合。根据分离器内气相流动分布的特点可知:(1)气流旋转强度与导向叶片出口角有关,出口角越大,切向速度越小;(2)排气管下口区域存在明显的短路流分布,容易卷吸夹带液滴进入排气管逃出,造成分离效率下降;(3)排气口和排液口附近的区域气流湍流脉动强度高,容易造成液滴破碎,直径减小,从而影响分离效率。以上研究结果为轴流导叶式气液旋流分离器的结构优化,进一步提高分离性能奠定了基础。     

超微颗粒旋风分离与收集器

奈米科技可预期将带动产业革命,奈米粉体制造具有举足轻重的地位,而奈米粉体的分离收集是其中关键步骤.工研院环安中心已研发出超微颗粒旋风分离与收集器,本研究分别以油酸液滴及NaCl固体颗粒为测试微粒,在6 torr及0.455 slpm条件下操作时,100 nm微粒之收集效率＞90%,可有效分离收集奈米粉体以提升制程效率与经济价值.     

轴流导叶式气液旋流分离器的试验研究

轴流导叶式气液旋流分离器与其他离心式气液分离器比较,其特点是阻力损失小。经试验证明,在低含液浓度下该分离器对气液两相具有较高的分离效果,且采用合理的溢流管和筒体结构形式可以减少短路流和二次流夹带,提高其分离效率。     

多段分级转化流化床颗粒浓度的数值模拟

多段分级转化流化床煤气化反应器是由鼓泡射流流化床和快速流化床耦合而成的新型气化炉,采用欧拉双流体模型对其气固两相流动行为进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明,两种流型的耦合,并非两种流态形式的简单叠加,回料口下段床内轴向浓度呈"C"型分布,上段轴向浓度呈指数分布,与实验结果较接近。同时考察了局部位置的颗粒浓度分布及其随操作条件的变化情况,表明快速床稀相段边壁区域颗粒浓度波动较中心强烈,且对操作条件的变化敏感,回料口附近的偏流现象以及过渡渐缩段的颗粒弹溅现象均与实验观察一致。研究得到的规律可指导多段分级转化流化床的设计和优化。     

旋风分离器内部气-固两相流场研究与发展

综述了旋风分离器内气体、粉尘运动概况及旋风器内气固两相分离模型相关理论研究,分析比较了各模型的建模思想和分析方法,并展望今后分离模型的发展趋势。     

EPVC-IA旋风管的流场分析

本文用五孔球探针测定了EPVC-IA型旋风管流场,对该旋风管的三维速度分布和压降进行了较深入的分析和计算.所得的计算公式包含的结构参数较全面,形式也较简单,其计算结果与实测结果吻合较好.     

旋风筒流场综述

<正>旋风筒自发明以来,因其结构简单、造价低、维护管理方便、分离效率高、粉体颗粒负载适应性强、可在高温下使用等特点,广泛地应用于石油、化工、冶金、煤炭、电     

旋风管内气相的湍流运动特性

利用二维激光多普勒测速仪(LDV)测量了旋风管内湍流运动的时均速度、脉动速度、能谱函数、微分尺度及湍流耗散等参数，对湍流特性参数分布进行了详细的描述，并初步分析了旋风管内湍流运动特性对颗粒分离的影响.     

环流循环除尘系统的流场与性能

开发了环流循环除尘系统,建立了该系统分离柱内速度场模型,并结合大涡模拟对分离柱内的切向速度及静压分布进行模拟.测定了环流循环除尘系统分离柱内的静压场分布和流速场分布,并以分子筛-空气为实验物系测定除尘效率和压降.结果表明,流速场分布与模拟结果基本吻合.环流循环除尘系统的除尘效率接近布袋和静电除尘的水平,可用于除去工业窑炉烟气中的亚微米粉尘;压降仅比常规型除尘器的单台压降高60%左右.     

高温条件下旋风分离器内气相流场的数值模拟

通过FLUENT 6.1流体计算软件,采用改进的各向异性的RSM模型,对直径300 mm的蜗壳式旋风分离器,在入口气速20 m/s条件下,对293~1273 K的气相流场进行了数值模拟. 模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好,表明温度变化对旋风分离器的流场有较大影响,尤其是对切向速度影响很大. 旋风分离器内气相流场的切向速度随温度的升高而降低,同时强制涡区扩大,沿轴向的衰减增大,两者的关系式为 . 当温度超过1000 K,切向速度降低幅度趋于减小. 由于温度升高导致气流的旋转强度下降而使下行的轴向速度略有降低,上行的轴向速度略有升高. 温度变化引起气体粘度和切向速度的变化而影响旋风分离器的分离性能,当温度达到1273 K时,气体粘度增大使切割粒径dp50T增加1.58倍,而切向速度降低使切割粒径dp50T增加1.23倍,切向速度与气体粘度的作用是同等重要的.     

双进气道旋风分离器内不同粒径颗粒流动特性

采用改进的RNG k-ε湍流模型和欧拉多相流模型,对一种单入口双进气道旋风分离器内的气固多相紊流过程进行数值模拟。计算得到旋风分离器内不同粒径颗粒速度和浓度分布规律,结果表明:大粒径颗粒比小粒径颗粒轴向速度分布更平坦,切向速度峰值位置和外准自由涡区也越向壁面靠近;与普通单入口旋风分离器相比,相同处理量时,此种旋风分离器内速度和不同粒径颗粒浓度分布轴对称性更好,大粒径颗粒切向速度峰值位置外移更明显,筒体段颗粒有更向壁面浓集的趋势,锥体段不同轴向位置处中心旋流区双进气道的颗粒浓度低于单进气道的。小粒径颗粒捕集能力增强,有助于提高分离器分离效率,减少不稳定流动导致结焦的颗粒源供给,从流动角度保证了抗结焦和长周期稳定操作。     

Effects of the Inlet Section Angle on the Flow Field of a Cyclone

The gas flow fields of a cyclone with different inlet section angles have been studied numerically. The gas flow fields were simulated by means of the Reynolds Stress Transport Model (RSTM). The velocities and pressure drop profiles of these cyclones were investigated. The shortcut flow rates at the bottom of the vortex finder were calculated with different inlet section angles. To analyze the relationship between the inlet section angle and the vortex finder insertion deepness, this paper details the shortcut flow rates at the bottom of the vortex finder for three vortex finder insertion depths. The results indicate that the inlet section angle can decrease the shortcut flow from the bottom of the vortex finder, which has practical importance for the improvement of the separation efficiency. The inlet section angle can also decrease the pressure coefficient of a cyclone. When the inlet section angle is 45 °, the level of decrease is up to 30 %. However, the effect of the inlet section angle on the separation performance is related to the dimension of the vortex finder, i.e., the insertion depth and diameter of the vortex finder, and the effect is different when the cyclone has different vortex finder insertion depths.     

直流降膜式旋风除雾器的开发

开发设计出了一种新型高效的除雾设备,直流降膜式旋风除雾器,并且实验测定了其压降、除雾效果及液膜在器壁上的成膜情况,实验结果表明该除雾器具有压降低、除雾效率高、器壁成膜均匀的特点.     

直流降膜式旋风除雾器的试验研究

本研究开发了一种新型的旋风除雾器－－直流降膜式旋风除雾器。并实验测定了其压降、除雾效果及液膜在器壁上的成膜情况，提出了压降随气液流量的关联式，除雾效果可达到生产要求，找到了液膜在器壁上成膜均匀的操作条件。     

环流式旋风除尘器内流场的数值模拟

采用 CFD 模拟软件 Fluent 6.2 提供的雷诺应力模型(RSM)对环流式旋风除尘器内的流场进行了数值模拟研究.并与热线热膜风速仪实验测试结果进行了比较.模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合.结果表明:环流式旋风除尘器特殊的流路设计,避免了内外旋涡的相互干扰,增强了旋转速度,规整了流形,减小了强湍流对性能的影响,消除了旋风除尘器易产生的短路流和二次返混,提高了除尘效率,降低了设备的压降.通过对影响除尘器性能的局部涡进行分析,为进一步优化结构提供了参考依据.     

轴流风机的电气控制原理

主要介绍化工厂用轴流风机的电气控制原理。     

Development of a Sharp-Cut Cyclone for Ambient Aerosol Monitoring Applications

Aerosol samplers for ambient PM2.5 are required to possess a steep aerodynamic particle size selection curve, i.e., a 'sharp cut' at 2.5 mu m aerodynamic diameter. For long-term and continuous PM monitors the selector system also requires low maintenance and the ability to operate at high loadings. While a sharp cut is easier to achieve with an impactor-based selector, the other require ments are more easily met with a cyclone. Four alternative PM2.5 selectors were tested against these criteria: two were pre-existing commercial designs and two were novel cyclone prototypes. The main aim of the work was to assess the characteristics of the selectors when clean and under various loading conditions. The aerodynamic size-selection characteristics of the PM2.5 selectors were tested before and after loading with dust, under both laboratory and field conditions. Aerosol penetration measurements were made using an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer. Many repeat tests were performed on two specimens of the Well Impactor Ninety-Six (WINS), two specimens of a novel Sharp-Cut Cyclone (SCC), one member of the GK cyclone family (GK4.39), and one University Research Glass ware (URG) cyclone. Four loadings of the WINS and SCC were made in the laboratory using a narrow-fraction alumina dust. The penetration curves were measured after each loading. Five cumulative outdoor loadings were made by setting up four PM2.5 samplers, two with the WINS and two with the SCC, in a suburban garden during the summer months. The penetration curves were mea sured at weekly intervals after sampling times ranging from 96 to 132 h. Three further cumulative loadings were tested in a similar experiment in a city-center underground car park. When clean, all three PM2.5 size selectors were shown to have 50%penetration (D₅₀) values close to 2.5 mu m, although the penetration curve shape differs for the three selector designs. Under loading the D₅₀ value for both the WINS and SCC fell, with the decrease being largest for the WINS. With high loadings the SCC D₅₀ fell to 2.35 mu m and the WINS D₅₀ fell to 2.15 mu m. The WINS deviation was large enough to potentially lead to under sampling of PM2.5. The SCC cyclone was seen to provide a sharp cut for ambient air sampling applications that is less affected than the WINS by loading. Additionally, the SCC is a dry system whereas the WINS uses an oiled substrate. While the WINS cut point is unlikely to shift to an unacceptable degree during 24 or 96 h sampling periods, it would perform less well than the SCC over extended sampling periods.     

输气站场多管旋风分离器流场分析

为了系统评价输气站场用多管导叶式旋风分离器的分离性能,模拟计算了入口速度7~27 m/s、颗粒密度1000~5000 kg/m3、颗粒浓度2.5~2500 g/m3、操作压力1~5 MPa条件下21管旋风分离器的分离效率和压降. 结果表明,多管旋风分离器的压降主要来自单管压降,约占整个压降的80%~90%,旋风子单独使用和并联使用时其流场分布规律相同,沿轴向对称分布,中心涡核处压力最低;分离效率和压降均随入口速度增大而增加,粒径为1~10 mm的固体颗粒分离效率从30.57%增加到63.86%,压降从9053 Pa增加到116864 Pa,在入口速度7~27 m/s范围内基本能除尽粒径大于6 mm的颗粒;随颗粒密度增加,分离效率增大,压降几乎不变;操作压力增大分离效率降低,而压降略增加. 各单管间进气量波动均不超过5%.     

旋风除尘器环形空间流场的数值研究

运用计算流体力学软件FLUENT,对旋风除尘器内部流场进行了数值模拟,利用模拟结果对旋风除尘器入口不同位置气流在除尘器顶部的环形空间的轨迹进行了分析研究,探明了气流在环形空间的运动规律和基本特征,阐明了旋风除尘器顶部"尘环"形成的根本原因,指出了粉尘发生短路的原因和多发区域并在此基础上就除尘器的增效问题给出了改进方案。     

循环旋风分离器内流场的数值模拟

采用CFD模拟软件Fluent6．2提供的雷诺应力模型（RSM）对循环旋风分离器内的流场进行了数值模拟研究,并与实验结果进行了比较,模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合。结果表明,循环旋风分离器特殊的流路设计,提高了内部流场的对称性,规整了气流,减少了紊流的产生,降低了设备的压降。时局部涡的分析,为进一步了解循环旋风分离器的分离机制和优化结构提供了参考依据。