Ubiquitous Computational Thinking

The computational thinking view recognizes that underlying computing concepts are integral to our everyday lives and pervasive in many disciplines of study. Computer science, information systems, computer engineering, informatics, software engineering-these are among the smorgasbord of choices available to college students interested in a computing career. The choices for noncomputing-oriented students who want to learn about the field are even more confounding. Indeed, the established term "computer science" is not well-defined or well understood, leading to further confusion for students and their parents as well as the general public. These are some factors I view as contributing to the drop in interest in the study of computer science. The student should learn the fundamental concept of computer sciences. Computing education has been too slow moving from the computing = programming model to a more general and understandable model that captures the essence of the discipline for everyone.     

Nurturing next-generation computer scientists

The origin of the University of Florida's Digital Arts and Sciences (DAS) curriculum is steeped in myth and adventure. Through DAS, CISE seeks to produce the next-generation computer scientist. To justify this statement, we need look no further than recent computing history and how this trend in fast hardware and immersive environments will transform foundational computer science in areas such as program and data structures, software engineering, machine organization, database methodology, and discrete mathematical structures. We are experiencing a fundamental branching of computer science into areas that more closely examine the relationship between humans and their computing hardware. While human computer interaction has always focused on these areas, a plethora of new areas have opened to us. Ubiquitous, tangible, pervasive, and human-centered computing add new dimensions to virtual and augmented reality.     

普适计算中间件技术的研究与进展

当前,普适计算已经成为计算机科学中一个极具活力和影响力的研究领域。普适计算环境规模很大并且具有高度异构性,如网络架构的异构性、硬件平台的异构性、操作系统的异构性、应用服务的异构性等,而普适计算中间件技术可以解决异构性和跨平台特征,提供不同服务的集成应用,因此成为普适计算中的一个研究热点。基于此,本文对于目前国外关于普适计算中间件技术的研究现状做了一个总结;通过分析和比较,给出了普适计算中间件的设计原则;探讨了普适计算中间件技术的未来发展方向。     

DNA计算机原理、进展及难点（I）：生物计算机系统及其在图论中的应用

基于生化反应机理的DNA计算机模型受到科学领导内许多不同科学者们的关注与兴趣。DNA计算已经形成国际科学前沿领域内研究的一个新的热点。DNA计算机的研制需要诸如生物工程、计算机科学、数学、物理、化学、信息科学、微电子技术、激光技术以及控制科学等许多学科的共同协作攻关。该系列文章拟对DNA计算机的基本原理、研究进展DNA计算的模型以及当前研究中的难点给予研讨。该文属首篇，重点讨论了DNA计算机的基本原理，引入了生物计算系统的概念，并较系统地讨论了DNA计算模型在图与组合优化中的研究进展。     

The LilyPad Arduino: Toward Wearable Engineering for Everyone

Electronic textiles, or e-textiles, are an increasingly important part of wearable computing, helping to make pervasive devices truly wearable. These soft, fabric-based computers can function as lovely embodiments of Mark Weiser's vision of ubiquitous computing: providing useful functionality while disappearing discreetly into the fabric of our clothing. E-textiles also give new, expressive materials to fashion designers, textile designers, and artists, and garments stemming from these disciplines usually employ technology in visible and dramatic style. Integrating computer science, electrical engineering, textile design, and fashion design, e-textiles cross unusual boundaries, appeal to a broad spectrum of people, and provide novel opportunities for creative experimentation both in engineering and design. Moreover, e-textiles are cutting- edge technologies that capture people's imagination in unusual ways. (What other emerging pervasive technology has Vogue magazine featured?) Our work aims to capitalize on these unique features by providing a toolkit that empowers novices to design, engineer, and build their own e-textiles.     

Reinvigorating the Discipline: Pervasive Computing and Tomorrow's Computer Scientists

Declining enrollments in computer science and related fields are a global concern. This issue's column, by Mike Hazas and Rebecca Marsden of Lancaster University in the UK, describes the novel Lancaster Headstart program that uses the excitement of pervasive computing to attract students into computer science.     

DNA计算机:原理、进展及难点(Ⅱ)计算机"数据库"的形成--DNA分子的合成问题

基于生化反应机理的DNA计算机模型引起了科学领域内许多不同学科学者们的关注与兴趣．DNA计算已经成为国际科学研究前沿领域内的一个新热点．DNA计算机的研制需要诸如生物工程、计算机科学、数学、物理、化学、信息科学、微电子技术、激光技术以及控制科学等许多学科的共同协作攻关．作者以系列文章的形式拟对DNA计算机的基本原理、研究进展、DNA计算的模型以及当前研究中的难点给予研讨．该文属第二篇,重点讨论DNA计算机研制中DNA分子的合成问题．DNA分子的合成问题不仅是DNA计算中生物操作过程首先要处理的问题,而且是DNA计算机研制中必须要解决的问题,因为最终实用化的DNA计算机应是一种全自动化的．如何将DNA分子的合成过程与编码、其它生化操作自动地衔接起来是全自动化DNA计算机当前研究的关键难题．若要解决这个问题,人们必须很熟悉有关DNA分子合成的基本原理以及合成技术．这也是该文的动机．     

Optics: a maturing technology for better computing

This paper presents a tutorial introduction to the field of optical information processing, in particular, digital optical computing. It presents current trends in optical computing research, in the hope of a closer interaction with the broader computer science and engineering community     

Mega-utilities drive invisible technologies

Despite their apparent simplicity, invisible technologies represent the pinnacle of engineering accomplishments in digital design, networking, user interfaces, and machine learning as well as in the social science disciplines of psychology and anthropology. It takes a lot of science to move technology from the foreground to the background. This paper focuses on leading-edge science that is inspiring the next generation of pervasive computing. It considers how computers are becoming pervasive in part because megahertz, megabits per second, and megabytes have become utilities much like water, gas, and electricity.     

Shadow attacks on users’ anonymity in pervasive computing environments

Privacy preserving technologies are likely to become an essential component of adaptive services in pervasive and mobile computing. Although privacy issues have been studied for a long time in computer science as well as in other fields, most studies are focused on the release of data from large repositories. Mobile and pervasive computing pose new challenges, requiring specific formal models for attacks and new privacy preserving techniques. This paper considers a specific pervasive computing scenario, and shows that the application of state-of-the-art techniques for the anonymization of service requests is insufficient to protect the privacy of users. A specific class of attacks, called shadow attacks, is formally defined and a defense technique is proposed. This defense is formally proved to be correct, and its effectiveness is validated by extensive experiments in a simulated environment.     

普适计算环境中异构设备交互协调性软件架构

普适计算的应用对计算科学的各个方面都提出了新的要求和挑战.其中在系统软件上,由于各种异构设备交互协同的需求对系统软件提出了前所谓有的挑战.旨在嵌入式异构设备系统之上,提出一种符合普适计算环境下设备问相互交互协作要求的软件体系结构,并在此基础之上提出一种普适环境下异构设备协作模型和协作机制,并对该协作机制给出了相应的算法...     

Grids and Grid technologies for wide‐area distributed computing

The last decade has seen a substantial increase in commodity computer and network performance, mainly as a result of faster hardware and more sophisticated software. Nevertheless, there are still problems, in the fields of science, engineering, and business, which cannot be effectively dealt with using the current generation of supercomputers. In fact, due to their size and complexity, these problems are often very numerically and/or data intensive and consequently require a variety ofheterogeneous resources that are not available on a single machine. A number of teams have conducted experimental studies on the cooperative use of geographically distributed resources unified to act as a single powerful computer. This new approach is known by several names, such as metacomputing, scalable computing, global computing, Internet computing, and more recently peer‐to‐peer or Grid computing. The early efforts in Grid computing started as a project to link supercomputing sites, but have now grown far beyond their original intent. In fact, many applications can benefit from the Grid infrastructure, including collaborative engineering, data exploration, high‐throughput computing, and of course distributed supercomputing. Moreover, due to the rapid growth of the Internet and Web, there has been a rising interest in Web‐based distributed computing, and many projects have been started and aim to exploit the Web as an infrastructure for running coarse‐grained distributed and parallel applications. In this context, the Web has the capability to be a platform for parallel and collaborative work as well as a key technology to create a pervasive and ubiquitous Grid‐based infrastructure. This paper aims to present the state‐of‐the‐art of Grid computing and attempts to survey the major international efforts in developing this emerging technology. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Wearable computers: no longer science fiction

By using devices carried on the body, wearable computers allow the exploration of the principles of pervasive computing immediately instead of waiting for the deployment of the ubiquitous infrastructure often associated with the field. However, wearable computers are often misunderstood, both in their research and application. I've been wearing a computer as part of my daily life since 1993, and in this article, I explore the attributes that make wearable computers a unique approach to ubiquitous computing and discuss current topics in the wearable computing field.     

深度计算、广度计算与信息网络

计算技术一直在向深度和广度进军,因此可以把计算技术的发展过程与趋势用“深度计算”和“广度计算”高度概括。从计算技术与通信技术结合的角度来看,网络一直在向“信息传输”与“信息处理”紧密结合的方向发展,即向信息网络方向发展。     

论计算思维工程化的层次结构

探讨Wing的计算思维并分析它的局限性,根据计算杌科学与技术中的理论、技术、工程、工具、服务和应用将Wing的计算思维推广到计算机思维,然后讨论计算思维(或计算机思维)的工程化并提出计算思维工程化的层次结构.这一研究将有益于对计算思维、computing思维和computing作为一个学科的理解和研究.     

Scheduling and development support in the Scavenger cyber foraging system

Cyber foraging is a pervasive computing technique where small mobile devices offload resource intensive tasks to stronger computing machinery in the vicinity.One of the main challenges within cyber foraging is that it is very difficult to develop cyber foraging enabled applications. An application using cyber foraging is working with mobile, distributed and, possibly, parallel computing; fields within computer science notoriously hard for programmers to grasp.This paper presents Scavenger—a cyber foraging system supporting easy development of mobile cyber foraging applications, while still delivering efficient, mobile use of remote computing resources through the use of a custom built mobile code execution environment and a new adaptive, dual-profiling scheduler.     

普适计算系统架构的研究

目前,普适计算已经成为计算机科学中的一个研究热点,而关于普适计算系统整体体系架构的研究工作还不多见.针对普适计算环境的特点,认为普适计算系统架构是一个开放的复杂大系统,可以利用大系统的控制论方法来解决这个分布式系统架构的一些关键问题,并提出了一种新的构建普适计算智能控制系统架构的方法,为问题的解决提供了一种新的研究思路.     

A new framework for computer science and engineering

To realize the compelling future of computing studies, researchers and analysts must rethink the traditional way of partitioning and structuring computer science and engineering. A framework that USC is already partially implementing combines an explicitly interdisciplinary academic focus with a systems-oriented perspective. A more efficient organization for computer science and engineering (CSE) - and one that helps point the way toward its promising future - requires an intrinsically interdisciplinary framework that combines academic and systems-oriented computing perspectives. A virtual organization must be able to access information through interfaces that facilitate rather than interfere with getting the job done in time-critical situations.     

普适计算

上世纪90年代初,美国Weiser博士提出“普适计算”这一新概念,开始了人类向未来计算机时代探索的进程。本文首先回顾Xerox PARC的普适计算原创性研究,然后叙述普适计算的内涵及有关的计算机时代变迁。最后,我们简单介绍若干普适计算研究项目所提出的幻想和挑战。