聚吡咯／粘胶导电复合纤维的原位聚合法制备

用较简便的液相原位聚合法制备了聚吡咯／粘胶导电复合纤维、讨论了吡咯、氧化剂和介质酸浓度、反应温度和反应时间对纤维导电性能的影响，并采用气相色谱法研究了吡咯聚合反应动力学。结果表明，该导电复合纤维具有良好的导电性、力学性能和环境稳定性，扫描电（ＳＥＭ）结果表明聚吡咯均匀地复合在每单根纤维上。     

导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物研究

采用吡咯气固相沉积聚合法制备导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物，研究了处理工艺对聚酯织物结构与性能的影响。结果表明，聚酯织物先经碱减量处理60 min，再经1.0 mol／L氧化剂处理30 min，吡咯单体气固相沉积聚合8次可制得具有较好导电性能的聚吡咯聚酯复合织物，其表面电阻约为330 Ω／cm，其力学性能的降低程度不大，聚吡咯均匀致密地沉积在聚酯织物表面。     

以聚苯胺为导电覆盖层制备导电性涤纶的研究

将涤纶浸渍于苯胺和对甲苯磺酸溶液中，加入氧化剂使苯胺在涤纶上发生氧化聚合，制得聚苯胺／涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了苯胺、介质酸的浓度及配比、反应温度和反应时间等对纤维导电性的影响。结果表明，采用此法制备的导电纤维具有良好的导电性能，物理机械性能及环境稳定性，其质量比电阻为１～１０Ω·ｇ／ｃｍ２。     

化纤应用及处理

20004271改善导电性能的浅色纤维Anon.Res.Disel.1998,425,p.2455,No.41530(英)许多导电纤维由皮芯结构组成,芯油导电物质如碳黑组成,皮由非导电物质如尼龙组成。芯非常导电,而皮作为绝缘体,降低了整体的导电性和地毯中纤维的静电荷的有效散逸。这种结构可以通过在皮层中加入物质改进纤维整体的导电性。在一种结构中,皮层中含有在表面聚合有苯胺的TIO:,聚苯胺是导电的,使得纤维的皮层导电,增加了整个纤维的导电性,其它的导电物质也可在Tio:表面聚合,这些物质包括聚毗咯、聚硫酚。另外,SnO:和A120:也可用作基质。(顾进)皮芯型复合纤维导…     

聚吡咯／树脂分子复合型导电材料的研制

本文介绍聚吡咯/树脂分子复合型导电材料的研制。在搅拌下将吡咯溶液滴加到调至一定温度的含有FeCh的聚苯乙烯—丙烯腈溶液中,反应3h后制得分子复合型导电材料。探讨了FeCl_3用量、反应温度、吡咯用量等因素对导电性能的影响。结果表明,FeCl_3/吡咯在1∶2～3范围内,反应温度在40℃以上,材料具有较高的电导率;电导率随吡咯用量的增加而提高,当吡咯量达到树脂量的30%以上时,电导率趋于平稳。本文所得聚吡咯为可溶性聚合物。所得复合材料可加工成薄膜等形式,电导率在10_(-3)～10_(-4)·cm~(-1)范围。     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备(英文)

先将涤纶在苯胺溶液中预浸泡 ,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合 ,同时掺杂制得聚苯胺 /涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明 ,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能     

最新的导电性聚合物

<正> 最新的导电性聚合物主要组分为聚乙炔、聚吡咯、聚喹啉、聚喹嗪等。若在这些有机物的任何一种中加入一定量的普通石墨粉和金属粉,就可制得不同的制品,再加入少量的I_2、Br_2、AsF_5、SF_3或SO_2作化学修饰,则可制成半导体制品或象金属一样的导电体制品。美国偏振片公司在聚碳酸酯、聚烯烃类、ABS树脂之类物质中加入一定量的C、AI、钢薄片,制成了导电性聚合物。这类聚合物已在1985年出售了6,000吨,预计     

聚吡咯涂覆型导电纸导电性能的进一步改善

在纸浆纤维悬浮液体系中通过原位聚合法制备了聚吡咯涂覆型导电纸,对其导电性进行了进一步的研究。将三氯化铁与磺基水杨酸以物质的量之比1:1的比例络合生成磺基水杨酸合铁,代替三氯化铁作氧化剂制得的导电纸的导电性及环境稳定性都有所提高。此时,磺基水杨酸不仅与铁离子络合,也起到掺杂的作用,且无需再加对甲苯磺酸为掺杂剂就能获得良好导电性的纸张。电镜及电镜能谱分析结果表明,不同氧化剂和掺杂剂制备的试样图像亮度及掺杂水平有明显差异。由于对甲苯磺酸铁的氧化能力较弱,故使用这一络合物作氧化剂兼掺杂剂并不能得到导电性能优异的纸张。此外,模拟纸浆贮存这一生产过程,将反应后的浆料贮存不同时间,发现水对导电纸的导电性能并无显著负面影响。     

化学氧化法制备聚吡咯及其掺杂改性研究

采用化学氧化法制备聚吡咯(PPy),研究了氧化剂种类[FeCl₃和(NH₄)₂S₂O₈]、反应温度(冰浴和室温)以及反应时间(6 h和12 h)对合成导电聚吡咯的影响,并对反应条件进行了优化。重点考察了不同浓度表面活性剂SDS掺杂对吡咯单体聚合的结构及形貌的影响,利用SEM、FT-IR、XRD、XPS、TGA、N₂吸附-脱附等表征方法及电导率测试对产物进行分析。结果表明,合成导电聚吡咯的最佳工艺条件为：以FeCl₃作氧化剂,在冰浴条件下反应6 h,产物电导率可达到0.076 9 S/cm;适量掺杂剂SDS的添加改变了样品的微观形貌,有利于提高PPy的热稳定性及导电性。     

聚吡咯／聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维复合电阻型薄膜气敏元件及其制作方法

本发明公开了聚吡咯／聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维复合电阻型薄膜气敏元件及其制作方法。采用静电纺丝法在具有金叉指的陶瓷基体电极上沉积聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维,然后通过气相原位聚合在其上复合聚苯胺得到聚吡咯／聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维复合气体敏感薄膜。本发明制备工艺简单,成本低,‘尤其适用于批量生产。     

The electromagnetic interference shielding of polypyrrole impregnated conducting polymer composites

A lightweight conducting polymer composite was prepared by the incorporation of conducting polypyrrole in the pores of a host polymer to form a conductive network. The inclusion of polypyrrole in a porous cross-linked polystyrene host polymer, prepared by the concentrated emulsion polymerization method, was carried out by imbibing the host polymer with a pyrrole solution (or oxidant solution), partially drying the saturated host polymer, and imbibing it again with the oxidant solution (or pyrrole solution) for 2 h. The conductivity of the polymer composite is as high as 0.5 S/cm and the shielding effectiveness of the composite reaches 26 dB in the frequency range from 1.0 to 2.0 GHz.     

New method for the preparation of thick conducting polymer composites

A highly porous and absorbable crosslinked polystyrene, prepared by the concentrated emulsion polymerization method, was used as host polymer for the preparation of conducting, large objects, polymer composites. The composites, whose conductivity can be as high as 0.80 S/cm, were prepared by (i) imbibing the host polymer with a pyrrole (or oxidant) solution, (ii) partially drying the imbibed host polymer, and (iii) imbibing again with an oxidant (or pyrrole) solution for polymerization to take place. The electrical conductivity of the composite and the penetration of polypyrrole in the host polymer are influenced by the polymerization conditions (i.e., the concentrations of oxidant and pyrrole and the nature of the solvents used for the oxidant and pyrrole), the order in which the two imbibing solutions are introduced, and the drying time used after the first imbibation. The mechanical properties of the host polymer are improved with the incorporation of polypyrrole. Scanning electron micrographs of the composites indicate that the polypyrrole coats uniformly as a film the inside of the porous host polymer.     

Conducting composite films based on polypyrrole and crosslinked poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-hydroxyethyl acrylate)

Polypyrrole/crosslinked poly(styrene-butyl acrylate-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PSBH) conductive composite films were designed to obtain high conductivity and good mechanical properties, and were prepared by vapor-phase polymerization of pyrrole within the silicon-crosslinked PSBH network using anhydrous ferric chloride as oxidant. The properties of the conducting composite film, such as conductivity, were strongly dependent on their synthetic conditions, such as the amount of ferric chloride and tetraethyl orthosilicate and the nature and weight ratio of the solvent in pyrrole solution. Above all, the most interesting point was the effect that solvent in pyrrole solution had on the conductivity. Using methanol as solvent, the conductivity was as high as 15 S/cm, increased by two orders of magnitude as compared with that without solvent. The conducting composite exhibited good mechanical properties (tensile strength, 10.3 MPa; Young's modulus, 178.9 MPa; elongation yield, 170%). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 2293–2298, 1997     

Preparation and properties of transparent and conducting nylon 6-based composite films

Highly transparent and conducting polypyrrole–(PPy–N) and polyaniline–nylon 6 (PAN) composite films could be easily obtained by immersing nylon 6 films containing pyrrole or aniline into an oxidant solution such as aqueous FeCl₃ solution or aqueous (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ solution containing HCl. The conductivity, transmittance, and mechanical properties of these composite films were affected by the preparative conditions. The maximum conductivity and transmittance of the PPy–N composite films were 10^?3 S/cm and about 75% at 550 nm, and in the case of the PA–N composite films, 10^?2 S/cm and 75%, respectively. The morphology of PPy–N and PA–N composite films depended on the polymerization conditions, which might be due to the difference in the polymerization speed of pyrrole or aniline in polymer matrices. These PPy–N and PA–N composite films exhibited good environmental stability and excellent mechanical properties. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Conducting polypyrrole‐coated banana fiber composites: Preparation and characterization

In this study, conducting banana fibers (BF) were obtained through in situ oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) on the BF surface using ferric chloride hexahydratate (FeCl₃·6H₂O) as an oxidant. Suitable reaction conditions are outlined for the polymerization of Py: oxidant/monomer molar ratio, Py concentration and polymerization time of 2/1, 0.05 mol.L⁻¹ and 30 min, respectively. Under these conditions, high‐quality conducting fibers containing polyPy and BF (PPy‐BF) were obtained with an electrical resistivity as low as 0.54 Ω.cm. The PPy‐BF was blended with different concentrations of polyurethane (PU) by mixing the two components in a vacuum chamber and then applying compression molding. The electrical resistivity of composites with 25 wt% of PPy‐BF was around 1.8 × 10⁵ Ωcm, which is approximately 10⁸ times lower than that found for pure PU. Moreover, PU/PPy‐BF composites exhibited higher mechanical properties than pure PU and PU/PPy, indicating that these conducting fibers can also be used as reinforcement for polymer matrices. The properties of the PPy‐BF obtained by the method described herein open interesting possibilities for novel applications of electrically conducting fibers, from smart sensors to new conducting fillers that can be incorporated into several polymer matrixes to develop conducting polymer composites with good mechanical properties.POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Composite nanofibers of conducting polymers and hydrophobic insulating polymers: Preparation and sensing applications

Various conducting polymer/hydrophobic insulating polymer (CP/HIP) composite nanofibers have been prepared by electrospinning and vapor deposition polymerization (VDP) with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as oxidant. BPO is soluble in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and can form homogenous solutions with hydrophobic polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS). High-quality nanofibers of PMMA or PS containing a certain amount of BPO were produced by electrospinning and used as the templates for VDP of pyrrole, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), and aniline. The non-woven mats of the resulting CP/HIP composite fibers can be used as the high-sensitive sensing elements of gas sensors. A gas senor based on polypyrrole (PPy)/PMMA composite fibers was fabricated for sensing ammonia or chloroform vapor, and exhibited greatly improved performances comparing with those of the device based on a PPy flat film.     

Preparation of conductive polypyrrole composites by in‐situ polymerization

Two kinds of conductive polypyrrole composites were prepared by in‐situ polymerization of pyrrole in a suspension of chlorinated polyethylene powder or in a natural rubber latex using ferric chloride as oxidizing agent. The preparation conditions were studied and the results showed that it is better to swell the chlorinated polyethylene powder with the monomer first, followed by addition of the oxidant, than to add the oxidant first, and that conversion can reach 98% for 6 h at room temperature. The conductivity percolation threshold of the composite is about 12%. The composites can be processed repeatedly, exhibiting a maximum tensile strength over 9 MPa and a maximum conductivity near 1 S cm⁻¹. The polypyrrole/natural rubber composites were prepared successfully by using a nonionic surfactant (Peregal O) as stabilizer at pH less than 3 with a molar ratio of FeCl₃/pyrrole = 2.5 below 45 °C. The latter composites show a low conductivity percolation threshold about 6%, a maximum tensile strength over 10 MPa and a maximum conductivity over 2 S cm⁻¹. The composites were characterized by FTIR and TGA. The polypyrrole/chlorinated polyethylene composites are very stable in air and almost no decrease of conductivity was observed for over 10 months examined. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

聚吡咯/凹凸棒石纳米复合材料的制备及导电性能

以三氯化铁(FeCl_3)为氧化剂,十二烷基磺酸钠(sodium dodecylsulfonate,DSNa)为掺杂剂,使吡咯单体(pyrrole,Py)在凹凸棒石(attapulgite,ATP)的表面发生原位聚合反应,制备出聚吡咯/凹凸棒石(polypyrrole/attapulgite,PPy/ATP)纳米导电复合材料.研究了毗咯用量、聚合温度、聚合时间、FeCl_3用量以及DSNa用量对纳米导电复合材料体积电阻率的影响,确定了制备纳米导电复合材料的工艺条件.通过X射线衍射、热重-差热分析、Fourier红外光谱、Raman光谱和透射电子显微镜对纳米复合材料进行表征,结果表明:当吡咯用量(以ATP的质量计)为30%,FeCl_3与Py的摩尔比为2.3,DSNa的浓度为0.02g/mL时,20℃反应3h得到的PPy/ATP复合材料的体积电阻率可达7Ω·cm,聚吡咯以非晶态形式存在于凹凸棒石表面,两者之间的作用为物理作用.     

Conducting composite film based on polypyrrole and crosslinked cellulose

Polypyrrole/crosslinked cellulose conductive composite films were prepared by vapor‐phase polymerization of pyrrole on the silicon crosslinked cellulose network using anhydrous ferric chloride as oxidant. The properties of the composite film depend on their synthetic conditions such as the amount of ferric chloride and tetraethyl orthosilicate crosslinker, the reaction time, the solvent, etc. Interestingly, it was found that the conductivity was strongly affected by the nature of the solvents and their amount in pyrrole solution. When the weight ratio of methanol/pyrrole is 1 : 1, the conductivity was as high as 1.1 S/cm, increased by two orders of magnitude compared to that without solvent, and the mechanical properties was good. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1368–1373, 2001     

Potassium persulfate-mediated preparation of conducting polypyrrole/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers: Humidity and temperature-sensing properties

Conducting polypyrrole (PPy)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite fibers were prepared by the polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of PAN fibers with potassium persulfate in an acidic aqueous solution. We obtained composite fibers containing concentrations of PPy as high as 1.14% and having surface resistivities as low as 0.6 kΩ/cm² by changing the polymerization parameters, including the temperature and concentrations of pyrrole and oxidant. The tensile strength of 10.02 N/m² and breaking elongation of 32.68% for the pure PAN fiber increased up to 10.45 N/m² and 33.23%, respectively, for the composite fiber containing 0.13% PPy. The change in the resistivity of the PPy/PAN composite fiber during heating–cooling cycles in the temperature range of +5 to 120°C was examined. Scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy images of the composite fibers showed that the PPy coating was restricted to the surfaces of the PAN fibers. Surface resistivity measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques were also used to characterize the composite fibers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012