PCBN刀具超声振动车削45淬硬钢的研究

通过采用PCBN刀具对45淬硬钢进行普通车削和超声振动车削的正交试验,研究切削用量对工件表面质量和切削温度的影响.通过两种车削方式的对比研究发现,在较小切削用量下,与普通车削相比,超声振动车削可以获得较好的表面质量和较低的切削温度.对超声振动车削切削参数进行优化,得到试验最佳切削参数.     

积极控制车削加工质量方法的研究

分析了超声振动切削刀具的振动特征，讨论了实现刀具谐振的电路匹配的问题，同时分析误差补偿方法的特点及误差补偿执行机构的动静态特性。提出了以超声振动切削和误差补偿技术为基础的提高车削质量的积极控制方法，实验证实了方法能全面地提高加工件的加工质量。     

超声椭圆振动车削的切削特性

为了深入研究超声椭圆振动切削特性及其应用前景,通过建立超声椭圆振动切削模型,根据运动学方程,分析和推导出了切削占空比、振纹高度、振动频率、振幅之间的关系,揭示了超声椭圆振动车削表面粗糙度、加工精度、加工效率之间的相互关系。通过切削力和表面粗糙度试验对推导出来的结果进行了验证,试验结果表明有效减小切削力是超声椭圆振动切削加工应用的主要优势。     

高比重钨合金超声椭圆振动切削去除机理研究

高比重钨合金作为一种难加工金属材料,其应用范围一直受限于其超精密加工水平。超声椭圆振动切削技术在高比重钨合金超精密切削加工中极具应用前景,通过切削去除机理研究,可推动其在高比重钨合金超精密切削领域中的应用。因此,首先对超声椭圆振动切削轨迹进行分析,结合瞬时剪切角变化,建立了超声椭圆振动切削弯矩及切削力模型,并基于上述模型,通过与常规车削相对比,对超声椭圆振动切削特性进行分析。然后,采用单晶金刚石刀具,进行高比重钨合金超声椭圆振动划擦实验和切削实验,并通过SEM、白光共聚焦显微镜、X射线残余应力分析仪等设备对材料塑脆特性、切屑厚度、切削表面残余应力及切削表面加工损伤等进行检测与分析。理论分析与切削实验表明,与常规车削相比,超声椭圆振动切削下材料去除尺度由微米量级减小为纳米量级,高比重钨合金表现出更强的塑性;随着剪切角变化,超声椭圆振动切削在材料去除过程中,会产生更大的向下的分力,在切削表面留下更大的残余应力;超声椭圆振动切削下,切削方向与材料断裂方向更为一致,结合锋利的单晶金刚石刀具,有利于实现高比重钨合金超精密切削。     

Inconel 718合金超声振动切削质量与刀具寿命控制研究

超声振动切削UVC是解决难加工材料精细加工问题的理想方法。在对Inconel718合金同时进行UVC和传统车削法CT加工中,研究了切削参数（切削速度、进给量、切削时间）对刀具切削性能的影响。通过对刀具磨损、切屑形态和工件表面粗糙度的研究,发现在进行低速硬态切削时,UVC在切削表面质量和刀具寿命方面均优于传统车削加工。同时随着刀具－工件表面接触率TWCR的降低,刀具磨损和切削力随之降低,而工件表面质量和刀具寿命得到提高。     

超声振动切削薄壁镜筒零件的研究

作者将超声振动引入薄壁镜筒零件车削中以减少零件变形,并开发出了适用于振动切削系统的刀尖高度调节机构,最后给出了超声切削和普通切削的对比数据。证明超声切削确实能有效提高薄壁零件的加工质量。     

超声椭圆振动切削装置应用现状及发展综述

椭圆振动切削装置可很好地解决高性能材料的硬脆性加工难的问题。椭圆振动切削装置通过给刀具施加超声振动使刀具与工件分离,这种方式可降低切削力,提高工件表面的加工质量。该文首先介绍了该装置的切削原理,其次对其结构特点和研究现状做了分析,最后对该装置的性能特性进行了总结。目的是通过对这类装置的介绍和性能分析,使超精密加工领域的相关科研工作者和技术人员较好地掌握类似装置的性能特性,为后续加工装置的优化设计提供理论参考。     

超声椭圆振动切削难加工材料的研究进展

超声椭圆振动切削具有断续切削特性的切削优势,已成为国内外研究及应用的热点,尤其适用于脆性材料、复合材料等难加工材料的高性能制造加工领域。目前该技术的机理及对难加工材料的适配工艺方面仍不成熟,需要进一步地探索和实践。通过超声椭圆振动切削机理、特性以及对加工表面质量影响因素的分析,阐明了其在加工中低切削温度、低切削力、低损伤、高尺寸精度以及良好表面完整性的独特优势,综述了在塑性材料、脆性材料、复合材料等难加工材料领域的应用,为后续研究超声椭圆振动切削技术提供了参考。     

微细深孔超声轴向振动钻削装置的设计

超声振动钻削属于脉冲式的断续切削。在深孔加工方面具有普通孔加工技术无法比拟的工艺效果。文章介绍了作者基于高频振动切削原理设计的一台超声轴向振动钻削装置的结构。并将该装置用于立式加工中心上对铝、铜等材料进行了切削加工实验。实验结果表明，超声振动加工可提高微细深孔的加工精度和表面质量。这种方法特别适合于软质材料的微细深孔的精密和超精密加工。     

超声振动切削功率分析及压电式振动系统的设计

振动切削技术具有优良的工艺效果,但在加工实践中却难以推广应用,其重要原因之一是系统较复杂,效率低下。通常采用大功率的电子管式超声波激振源,体积大而笨重。本文以振动车削为例,从超声波振车削中切削能量出发,定量研究了完成振动切削所需的刀具超声振动功率。据此提出了采用高效的压电换能器,以及直接驱动刀具的新型超声振动切削系统,并对系统特性进行了测试。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.