Crystallization of amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1

A study is reported on the devitrification behaviour of the amorphous alloy Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1. Samples of the studied glass underwent isothermal and non-isothermal heat treatments in a thermal analysis apparatus. In addition some samples were very rapidly heated to very high temperatures by means of a laser beam. In this way a large temperature range was explored and information was obtained on the overall thermal evolution of the studied amorphous alloy. The experimental results suggest that, as recently proposed in the literature, nanocrystallization can be linked to a rate limiting Nb diffusion stage in the crystal growth process. However topological short range ordering (TSRO) and chemical short range ordering (CSRO) also affect the devitrification behaviour. In the case of the studied alloy, three temperature ranges can be defined. At low temperature only TSRO occurs. Above a temperature that lies approximately in the range 450–500°C, glass in glass phase separation occurs up to a temperature that lies approximately in the range 700–750°C, above which it appears to be very limited. The occurrence of glass in glass phase separation appears to be necessary to obtain a fine microstructure, because Nb concentrates in the boron depleted, iron rich glassy phase. The occurrence of TSRO prior to demixing should be avoided if nanocrystallization is desired. All this appears to be satisfied by isothermally treating the sample at a temperature of 555°C. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Fe73．5Cu1Nb3Si13．5B9纳米晶磁粉芯磁性能研究

用Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶粉体,加入一定量的塑化剂,通过模压成型方法制备磁粉芯.实验结果表明,在一定粒度范围内,磁导率μ随粉体粒度增大而增大,品质因数Q,随着粒度的增大而减小,且在一定频率范围内,μ呈现良好的频率稳定性;塑化剂质量百分含量α越大,μ越小.当α=6.5%时,μ达到最大值31.8.0～300kHz范围内,α与Q成反比;300～1000kHz范围内,α与Q成正比例关系;磁导率μ随着成型压力的增加而提高,相反,压力越大,Q值越小;磁导率随着磁粉芯测试温度的提高逐渐减小,0≤f≤700kHz范围内,温度升高,Q降低,700kHz≤f≤1000kHz范围内时,温度升高,Q值升高;随退火温度的增加,μ和Q均呈现先增大后减小的趋势.     

应力退火对Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶合金磁性能的影响

采用一种新的退火方式,将Fe73．5Cu1Nb3Si13．5B9合金薄带在铜环上卷绕成铁芯,研究在这种方式的退火过程中Fe73．5Cu1Nb3Si13．5B9合金薄带晶化时产生的张应力对其磁性的影响．结果表明：与普通退火相比,这种张应力使退火后合金的剩磁Br明显下降（最低为0.22T）,形成的感生磁各向异性的易轴垂直于张应力的方向．这种横向感生磁各向异性起因于纳米bccFe（Si）晶粒内通过内应力和负的磁滞伸缩引起的磁弹性作用。     

微波场作用下非晶合金Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9的纳米晶化

研究了微波场对晶化的影响.结果表明,将非晶合金Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13 5B9在微波场作用下在480℃短时间(5 min)晶化处理,形成体积分数为80%、尺寸约15nm的α-Fe(Si)相;适当延长晶化时间(30 min)使非晶合金完全晶化,α-Fe(Si)相的晶粒不再长大,原子层之间的距离降低至0.2461 nm,磁体具有最大Ms为1.79 T.与激光、激波、脉冲电场和脉冲磁场晶化处理相比,微波场晶化处理可同时获得单一的、更小晶粒尺寸和更高体积分数的α-Fe(Si)晶化相,使合金具有高的饱和磁化强度和优良的软磁性能.微波场有利于非晶合金中的硼原子向空位跃迁,使基体金属相α-Fe(Si)相的形核率增大,促进非晶合金的纳米晶化.     

Study of the crystallization kinetics in amorphous Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy

The kinetics of the crystallization of Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ amorphous alloy was studied using Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. During isothermal annealing of the samples, two phases were observed: a crystalline D0₃-FeSi alloy with fine grains and an amorphous phase enriched with niobium, boron and copper. It was found that the growth rate of the particles of the crystalline alloy was controlled by diffusion. For longer annealing time or at higher annealing temperature the growth process was found to be suppressed, probably by the niobium atoms. The activation energy obtained for the crystallization was about 143 kJ mol^–1.     

Electrical and Magnetic Transport Properties of Nanocrystalline Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3 Alloy

Electrical and magnetic transport properties of Fe_73.5Si_13.5B₉Cu₁Nb₃ (FINEMET) metallic ribbons prepared by standard melt-spinning technique have been investigated through dc and ac magnetic as well as electrical properties. Fe_73.5Si_13.5B₉Cu₁Nb₃ shows conventional anisotropic magnetoresistance (MR) which is found to vary from 1 to 15 %. The dynamic behaviour of the sample vibrating at a constant frequency with the help of an external transducer in an external magnetic field is investigated. It is observed that a small self-induced ac voltage is superimposed on the dc response of the sample. This small ac signal is observed to be periodic in nature and may be attributed to the presence of non-magnetic metallic species in the ribbon. The effect of temperature (ranging from 30 to 550 °C) on the resistivity of the sample is measured and the glass transition temperature (T _g) of the alloy is estimated from the dc resistivity anomaly observed at the elevated temperature. The frequency dependent responses of permeability, quality factor and dissipation factor are studied by Wayne Kerr impedance analyser with frequency range of 100 Hz–100 MHz. The observed electrical and magnetic properties of the material indicate that the alloy in its ribbon form is suitable for its potential use in electrical and magnetic switching devices.     

Giant Stress—impedance Effect in Amorphous and Current Annealed Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 Ribbons

The giant stress-impedance(GSl) effect in amorphous and current annealed Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 ribbons has been investigated .The results showed that the GSl effect changed drastically with annealing techniques and the maximum stress impedance ratio of 350% was obtained after optimal conditions of current annealing .The behaviors of the stress impedance vary with densities of annealing current and the stress longitudinally applied during current annealing.The maximum change of stress impedance existed in the sample annealed by high-current-density electropulsing under applied stress of 100MPa.     

纳米晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9磁粉芯的磁性能研究

利用球磨纳米晶Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金得到的粉末压制成磁粉芯,研究其磁性。结果表明,在测量的频率范围内（１ｋＨｚ－１００ｋＨｚ）,该粉芯的磁导率几乎不随频率变化的而变化;粉芯的品质因数Ｑ随的增加而增加,在较高频率时有着比坡莫合金粉芯还要高的值,具有应用价值。推导出磁粉芯的静态磁导率的表达式发现分芯的磁导率与磁粉芯的密度有着密切的密度愈大,磁粉芯的静态磁导率愈高。     

不同退火条件对Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xAlx磁导率的影响

用Al部分替代Nb制备了Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xAlx非晶条带,通过4种不同的退火方式得到其纳米晶样品,采用阻抗分析仪测量各样品的复数磁导率,并分析了退火方式对初始磁导率的影响.研究发现,经退火后,样品(除x=3.0)的磁导率有明显改善,明显高于经同样退火处理的Finemet配方的样品;对于不同退火方式,性能最好的样品Al含量不尽相同;对于不同Al含量的样品,有各自不同的最佳退火方式;对于x=3.0、完全不含Nb的样品,经随炉升温或降温退火后,仍然有较高的磁导率.研究结果表明,在Finemet配方中,用适量Al替代Nb,经适当退火后,样品的磁导率得到明显改善,从而提供了一条研制低成本高磁导率纳米晶合金的可能的途径.     

Nanocrystallization of Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 soft-magnetic alloy from amorphous precursor in a magnetic field

The effect of a magnetic field on the nature of nanocrystallization from a melt-spun Fe_73.5Si_13.5B₉Nb₃Cu₁ amorphous precursor has been studied with the aim of controlling microstructures and magnetic properties. Annealing for magnetic crystallization was carried out at temperatures between the Curie temperature of the amorphous phase (586 K) and that of the crystalline phase (920 K). It was found that the {110} texture component in crystallized α-Fe(Si) phase increased in importance with increasing magnetic-field strength. An X-ray diffraction analysis based on the Shultz method revealed that the magnetic field caused preferential formation of {110}-oriented nuclei. In addition, the applied field enhanced crystallization kinetics, particularly the nucleation rate. No significant difference in grain growth behavior was observed as a result of applying a magnetic field. We therefore conclude that the development of the {110} texture by magnetic crystallization is predominantly attributable to preferential nucleation, rather than preferential growth, of {110}-oriented nuclei. The saturation magnetization of nanocrystallized specimens, evaluated using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), was increased by the application of a magnetic field up to 4T during nanocrystallization.     

Microstructure and Stability of Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 Alloy at Different Stages of Phase Transformation

1. IntroductionStability of magnetic materials is very importals for application. It has been known that themagnetic stability and structural stability are closelyconnected. An effectual method for studying thendcrostructure instability is to measure magneticaftereffect (MAE)l'~']. There is a difference inthe MAE between the amorphous and the crystalline ferromagnetic materials, revealing distinctionof their microstructure. In this work, the MAE andthe microstructure were studied at differ…     

Effect of Annealing Temperature on Magnetic Aftereffect and Positron Lifetime in Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 Alloy

1. IntroductionFe-based nanocrystalline materials, obtained byappropriately annealed amorphous ribbons above thecrystallization temperature, consist of a--FeSt finegrains and some residual amorphous phase. Thismicrostructure leads to their excellent soft magneticproperties, such as high saturation magnetization andhigh permeabilityll'2]. The quite effective methodo f studying the structure on an atomic scale is themeasurement of the MAE[3-5]. On the other hand,positron annihilation character…     

铜、铌在非晶Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Sil3.5B9激波晶化中作用失效研究

用Ｘ射线衍射、差热分析、透射电镜分析研究了激波对非晶Ｆｅ７３．５Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金的作用,结果表明,激波能使非晶态转变为纳米晶。晶化主相α－Ｆｅ晶粒尺寸为２０～５０ｎｍ,晶格常数比纯Ｆｅ的小,并形成了多种中间相和亚稳相。同时发现激波处理的ＦｅＣｕＮｂＳｉＢ合金,铜和铌的作用失效。     

Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)纳米晶合金制备及其软磁性能

首先制备了Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)非晶合金带材并研究了微量Al在Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9-Al_(0.1)纳米晶合金中的影响情况。研究表明,微量的Al降低了Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)母合金的流动性;微量的Al促使Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)非晶合金在晶化热处理时的晶粒显著长大,降低了非晶合金中的内应力各向异性,由此提高了其晶化后的纳米晶合金100kHz以上频率的μe值,同时也显著降低其获得最佳软磁性能的晶化处理温度;晶化处理后,Al原子在Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)纳米晶合金中富集于α-Fe晶粒和富铜团簇内并且有可能形成了Fe_3Al;Fe_(73.4)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9Al_(0.1)磁芯的最佳晶化处理工艺是545℃×1h,其磁芯在1,10,100和200kHz时的μe值分别为33 785,21 551,9 884和5 444。     

Si含量对纳米晶Fe87-xCu1Nb3SixB9合金磁性能的影响

研究了Si含量对Fe87-xCu1Nb3SixB9合金经不同方式退火后磁性能的影响。结果表明:随Si含量的增加,Fe87-xCu1Nb3SixB9合金经普通退火后软磁性能逐渐得到优化;经磁退火后可感生出单轴磁各向异性,且磁退火特征随Si含量的增加而逐渐明显。根据横磁退火实验结果计算出的感生磁各向异性值Ku,则由26.7J/m3(Si=9.5at%)降低至14.1J/m3(Si=13.5at%)。由实验数据的分析认为Fe87-xCu1Nb3SixB9合金在高Si含量时经普通退火或纵磁退火后呈现优异的软磁特性,归因于析出的α-Fe(Si)相晶粒具有小的磁晶各向异性K1,从而导致合金具有更低的有效磁各向异性常数K所至。     

Influence of Magnetic Field Intensity on the Shape of the μ—T Curves for Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 Alloy

Under different magnetic field intensities,the dependence of the permeability μon temperature T(μ-T curve) for the Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy annealed at 350-620℃ was investigated.The results showed that the magnetic field intensity had a remarkable influence on the shape of μ-T curves.For amorphous alloy,the sharp Hopkinson peak of μ-T curve disappeared gradually with the increase of magnetic field intensity.