氟金云母陶瓷车削加工中刀具磨损的研究

分别用高速钢刀具、硬质合金刀具和Si3N4陶瓷刀具对氟金云母可加工陶瓷进行车削加工试验,考察了氟金云母陶瓷车削加工中刀具的磨损过程、磨损形态及失效原因。SEM电镜观察和能谱分析表明,刀具磨损主要发生在后刀面和刀尖处,刀具磨损的主要形式有磨料磨损、粘结磨损,材料高硬度、低热导率是引起刀具磨损的主要原因。刀具破损的主要形式为高速钢刀具切削刃塑性变形和陶瓷刀具的崩刃。刀具与工件的组织不均匀,以及切削过程中产生的冲击性机械应力和热应力是刀具破损的主要原因。     

微细铣削6061铝合金的刀具磨损试验研究

为了指导获得稳定的高精度微细铣削,以微细铣削中刀具的侧刃磨损带宽度及切削力为指标,进行了微细铣削刀具侧刃磨损研究。以航空电子领域应用广泛的6061铝合金为工件材料,设计进行正交试验,发现刀具侧刃的主要磨损形式是涂层脱落和刀尖破损,磨损机理是粘结磨损;关键铣削参数对刀具磨损的影响程度大小依次为:径向切深a_e、每齿进给量f_z、轴向切深a_p;关键铣削参数对铣削力的影响程度大小依次为:每齿进给量f_z、轴向切深a_p、径向切深a_e;获得了优化参数组合为a_e=0. 3 mm,fz=1μm/齿,a_p=0. 15 mm。研究结果有助于微细铣削中刀具磨损机理的深入研究,也为合理选用微细铣削参数提供了一定的理论指导。     

新型氮化碳超硬涂层刀具的切削试验研究

用C3N4涂层高速钢和C3N4涂层硬质合金刀具对调质钢，淬硬钢等进行切削试验，证明高速钢刀具经C3N4涂层后，使用寿命显著提高，硬质合金刀具经C3N4涂层后，使后寿命提高幅度不如TiC,PCNB涂层刀具，C3N4涂层刀具不适合切削颗粒增强复合材料。     

涂层刀具高速铣削高强钢刀具磨损及加工成本分析

选用PVD-TiAlN+TiN复合涂层硬质合金刀具高速铣削高强钢AISI4340,探讨了铣削参数对后刀面磨损的影响,并分析了加工成本。通过响应优化器得到具有95%置信度的理论最佳加工参数,采用Gilbert方法计算了加工成本,验证了该涂层刀具在高速铣削AISI4340时的经济可行性。结果表明,切削速度对后刀面磨损的影响最为显著,径向切深没有统计上的显著性,但径向切深在1～3 mm时,后刀面磨损随径向切深的增加而增加。PVD-TiAlN+TiN复合涂层硬质合金刀具高速铣削AISI4340钢在最佳切削参数vc=350 m/min,fz=0. 03 mm/z,ap=0. 6 mm,ae=4 mm条件下的刀具寿命为31. 30 min,估计加工成本为17. 35。该研究对高强钢的高效低成本加工具有指导意义。     

高速铣削AISI 4340合金结构钢时涂层刀具磨损机理研究

针对AISI 4340合金结构钢难加工的特点,选用PVD硬质合金涂层刀具进行高速干铣削试验,选用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察失效刀具表面的磨损形貌特征,选用能谱分析仪(EDS)分析磨损刀具表面的元素分布及含量,揭示刀具的磨损机理。研究结果表明:刀具寿命与切削参数选取有关,随着切削速度的增加,刀具磨损加快,刀具寿命降低。硬质合金涂层刀具的主要磨损形式是前刀面磨损和后刀面磨损,前刀面磨损机理主要是粘结磨损、涂层剥落、切削刃微崩刃;后刀面磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损、粘结磨损、扩散磨损、微裂纹。     

硬质合金刀具高速车铣和铣削TC4钛合金磨损试验对比

采用H13A未涂层硬质合金刀具对TC4钛合金进行高速正交车铣和铣削试验,并从刀具磨损破损形态、磨损机理及其寿命等方面进行对比分析。研究表明:高速正交车铣和铣削钛合金时,前、后刀面主要以粘结磨损为主,车铣加工时在切削刃口易形成积屑瘤及连续切屑,但对刀具材料粘结较轻;高速铣削时,对刀具材料粘接较重,在前刀面刃口附近形成凹坑及崩刃;后刀面最大磨损的位置不相同。试验对比了相同切削条件时刀具使用寿命,结果表明采用正交车铣加工可以获得更长的刀具使用寿命。     

PCD刀具微细铣削硬质合金刀具磨损研究

使用PCD刀具进行微细铣削硬质合金的刀具磨损试验,研究了PCD微细铣刀的磨损形态和磨损机理。结果表明,PCD微细铣刀的磨损主要集中在刀尖和底刃上,造成刀具磨损的原因主要包括粘结磨损、磨料磨损以及微崩刃。刀具磨损导致硬质合金加工表面粗糙度逐渐增大。     

涂层刀具切削铁基粉末冶金复合材料时的磨损机理

研究了切削NbC颗粒增强铁基粉末冶金复合材料时的刀具磨损性能及其机理.研究表明,涂层刀具的耐磨性稍优于超细晶粒及普通硬质合金刀具,涂层刀具前刀面主要发生磨粒磨损,由此引起涂层的剥落和前刀面月牙洼的形成,最终导致刀尖部位产生崩刃,而后刀面磨损主要由磨粒磨损引起.此外,加工过程中刀具还会产生轻微粘结磨损.     

TiN涂层精密复杂刀具切削特性的研究

本文研究了精密复杂高速钢刀具经TiN涂层后的切削特性、重磨后的特性和高速切削特性。实验证明,经TiN涂层处理的齿轮滚刀可提高切削寿命6倍以上,插齿刀可提高5倍以上,拉刀可拉削HRC25～36的难加工材料,光洁度可提高1级,TiN涂层后的滚刀、插齿刀经重磨开刃后,其切削寿命仍然比未涂层的新刀提高6倍以上,对于齿轮刀具、拉削刀具等刃磨前刃面的刀具,TiN涂层仍然保持刀具的高寿命。     

复合涂层在高速钢钻头上的应用

高速钢刀具韧性好,不易折断和崩刃,对高速钢刀具进行PVD涂层可大幅提高其切削寿命。采用TiN、AlCrN、TiN+AlCrN三种PVD涂层高速钢钻头在相同钻削条件下进行对比分析,研究表明,相对于单一涂层,TiN+AlCrN复合涂层钻头的寿命更高,在部分工况下可以代替硬质合金钻头。     

钛合金切削加工中刀具寿命和刀具磨损的研究

钛合金是典型的难加工材料,提高钛合金的加工效率和刀具寿命是急需解决的问题。本文选用Ti-6Al-4V作为工件材料,选取两种不同的硬质合金和一种聚晶金刚石(PCD)作为刀具材料,对切削加工中刀具寿命和刀具磨损进行了试验研究。研究结果表明:PCD刀具寿命明显高于硬质合金刀具,在高速下优势尤其明显;两种硬质合金刀具低速下主要是粘结磨损,高速下主要是粘结磨损、扩散磨损和氧化磨损;PCD刀具主要是微崩刃和石墨化引起的沟槽磨损。     

Effects of Coating Materials on the Machinability of a Nickel Base,C-263, Alloy

PVD coated (TiN/TiCN/TiN, TiAIN and TiZrN) and uncoated carbide tools were used to machine a nickel base, C-263, alloy at high-speed conditions. The test results show that the multiple TiN/TiCN/TiN coated inserts gave the best overall performance in terms of tool life when machining at cutting speeds up to 68 m min and at depths of cut of 0.635 mm, 1.25 mm and 2.54 mm. All the tool grades tested gave fairly uniform surface roughness (Ra) values, below the rejection criterion, at lower speed conditions. The TiZrN coated inserts gave the lowest component forces when machining at lower cutting speed conditions while the TiA/N coated inserts gave the lowest component forces when machining at a higher speed of 68 m min^?1 and depth of cut of 1.25 mm. This tool performance can generally be attributed to the difference in their ability to provide effective lubrication at the cutting zone, thermal conductivity of the coating materials as well as the cutting conditions employed. The uncoated carbide tools generally encountered more severe crater wear, chipping/fracture of the cutting edges as well as pronounced notching during machining. This is due to their inability to provide effective lubrication at the cutting zone, thus impeding the gliding motion of the chips along the rake and flank faces respectively, thus accelerating flank wear. Analysis of the worn tool edges revealed adhesion of a compact “fin-shaped” structure of hardened burrs with saw-tooth like edges. This generally alters the initial geometry of the cutting edge, consequently resulting to poor surface finish with prolonged machining.     

INVESTIGATION OF THE TOOL WEAR AND SURFACE FINISH IN LOW-SPEED MILLING OF STAINLESS STEEL UNDER FLOOD AND MIST LUBRICATION

This paper examines the performance of AlN/TiN coated carbide tool during milling of STAVAX® (modified AISI 420 stainless steel) at a low speed of 50 m/min under conventional flood and mist lubrication. Abrasion, chipping, fracture resulting in the formation of crater and catastrophic failure are the wear mechanisms encountered during machining under flood lubrication. The flank wear, and the likeliness of the cutting tool to fracture, chip and fail prematurely increased with an increase in the hardness of the workpiece and a reduction in the helix angle of the tool. Small quantity of mineral oil sprayed in mist form was effective in reducing the flank wear and severity of abrasion wear, and preventing the formation of crater and the occurrence of catastrophic failure. In milling 35 and 55 HRC-STAVAX® using a feed rate of 0.4 mm/tooth and a depth of cut of 0.2 mm under mist lubrication, the cutting edge of the 25° and 40° helix angle tools only suffered small-scale edge chipping and abrasive wear throughout the entire duration of testing. The influence of the ductility of the workpiece on the surface finish and the effectiveness of mist lubricant in improving the surface finish are also discussed.     

Edge chipping mechanism and failure time prediction on carbide cemented tool during drilling of CFRP/Ti stack

To investigate the edge chipping during drilling of the CFRP/Ti stack with carbide cemented tools, a drilling experiment was carried out and a tool failure model was proposed. Thrust force, drilling temperature, and tool wear were analyzed. A tool stressing model and a tool failure model of edge chipping were constructed respectively. On the basis of these, the prediction model on the edge chipping was established to forecast the failure time. Drilling temperature, Vickers hardness, and cutting speed were considered during the prediction model building. The results demonstrate that adhesive wear has a great influence on the edge chipping. The damage of adhesive wear for tool rake face leads to the load variation on rake face and the initial crack. Under the action of shear stress, the crack starts at rake face and then expands to the flank face, resulting in tool edge chipping. The affinity interaction (between titanium alloy with carbide cemented) and the thermal residual stress are two critical factors for tool edge chipping. Tear easily occurs inside the binding phase or at the boundary between hard phase and binder phase. As the drilling temperature increases, the hardness of the carbide cemented will gradually decrease. The prediction result of failure time is similar to the experimental result, and the effectiveness of the prediction model is verified.     

黛杰在中国

<正>经过十余年的努力,黛杰产品在中国市场的知名度和销售量取得了傲人的成绩。日本黛杰工业株式会社于1938年成立,作为从原料粉末到成品产出一贯制专业硬质合金厂家,产品性能和品牌知名度一直深受广大用户的拥戴。从2002年开始,黛杰在中国上海设立代表处,专门针对中国客户提供售后服务。继2006年设立广东事务所后,2009、2010、2013年又分别在大连、武汉、成都设立联络处。此外,黛杰汉金(沧州)精密模具有限公司于2013年10月在河北省黄骅市正式运营投产。     

Experimental investigations while hard machining of DIEVAR tool steel (50 HRC)

This paper describes hard machining which offers many potential benefits over traditional manufacturing techniques. In this work, investigations were carried out on end milling of hardened tool steel DIEVAR (hardness 50 HRC), a newly developed tool steel material used by tool- and die-making industries. The objective of the present investigation was to study the performance characteristics of machining parameters such as cutting speed, feed, depth of cut and width of cut with due consideration to multiple responses, i.e. volume of material removed, tool wear, tool life and surface finish. Performance evaluation of physical vapour deposition-coated carbide inserts, ball end mill cutter and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride inserts (PCBN) was done for rough and finish machining on the basis of flank wear, tool life, volume of material removed, surface roughness and chip formation. It has been observed from investigations that chipping, diffusion and adhesion were active tool wear mechanisms and saw-toothed chips were formed whilst machining DIEVAR hard steel. PCBN inserts give an excellent performance in terms of tool life and surface finish in comparison with carbide-coated inserts. End milling technique using PCBN inserts could be a viable alternative to grinding in comparison to ball end mill cutter in terms of surface finish and tool life.     

陶瓷刀具车削铁基粉末冶金复合材料时的磨损机理研究

通过对Al2O3基陶瓷刀具车削NbC颗粒增强铁基粉末冶金复合材料的试验研究,分析了刀具的磨损机理。结果表明,陶瓷刀具不会发生严重的磨粒磨损,刀具的高脆性及复合材料中增强相的剧烈刮擦、冲撞引起的切削刃微崩和剥落磨损是刀具磨损的主要原因。增强相含量较低时,刀具同时发生粘着磨损;增强相含量越高,粘着磨损程度越轻微。     

正交车铣高强度钢的刀具耐用度及磨损机理研究

通过TiN涂层硬质合金端铣刀正交车铣58SiMn高强度钢的刀具磨损试验,建立了刀具耐用度T-(vc,fa,fz)关系泰勒公式,分析了各切削用量对刀具耐用度的影响关系;对正交车铣刀具的磨损研究表明刀具表面材料的疲劳—剥落和切削刃微崩以及在高温下刀具材料中的元素与周围介质发生的化学反应磨损等是造成刀具磨损的主要原因。     

PCBN刀具负倒棱宽度对磨损的影响分析

使用聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)刀具车削V571材质粉末冶金气门座圈,研究负倒棱宽度对刀具磨损的影响规律。采用单因素试验法,在不同PCBN刀具负倒棱宽度下进行切削。结果表明,负倒棱宽度为0.10mm的PCBN刀具有更小的磨损和更长的刀具耐用度。