共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Codling moth females (Cydia pomonella, Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (CM) usually lay single eggs and have a tendency to disperse. In a first experiment we observed that single females exposed to 20 apples distribute their eggs regularly among apples, suggesting a dispersive oviposition behavior. In a dual-choice situation, isolated females avoided oviposition on areas of cardboard treated with a methylene dichloride egg extract at the dose of ca. 1.0 egg equivalent/cm2. A strong avoidance was obtained in response to a 20-fold dose, which was accompanied by a significant reduction of total oviposition. Seven major compounds found by GC analyses in the methylene dichloride extract of 2 to 3-day-old eggs were saturated or unsaturated C14-C18 straight-chain fatty acids: myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. This was confirmed by GC-MS analysis of an extract made by ethyl ether. Smaller amounts of three methyl esters were also identified as methyl myristate, methyl palmitate, and methyl stearate. A blend of the seven fatty acids (FA) mimicked rather well the avoidance provoked by the extract, and this avoidance was confirmed by choice between treated and untreated fruits by single females. The treatment of apples with the 7FA mixture induced an aggregative distribution of the eggs among apples. We also found that the amounts of fatty acids harvested in the extract depend on the egg age. Amounts of fatty acids increased until eggs were 4 days old and then decreased before hatching. In this paper we discuss the possible role of simple molecules, such as fatty acids and their esters, as semiochemicals indicative of juvenile tissues. 相似文献
2.
The fatty acid composition and biosynthesis of fatty acids were studied during early embryogenesis of the toadBufo arenarum Hensel. The ova and stages up to the 6 1/2 day embryo have similar fatty acid compositions, with ca. 70% unsaturated acids.
The eggs and embryo were permeable to acetate and impermeable to palmitic, linoleic, and eicosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid. Labeled
acetate was incorporated by the eggs into the saturated acids-lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, and behenic-and
into the unsaturated acids-myristoleic, palmitoleic, oleic, and eicosaenoic acids. During segmentation and gastrulation, de
novo biosynthesis of fatty acids increased, desaturation to myristoleic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids was enhanced; and fatty
acids were esterified to triglycerides, phosphatidyl choline, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. The feeding embryo (11 days)
changed the pattern of incorporation to less incorporation into triglycerides. 相似文献
3.
B. H. Patel S. Thakore Padamnabhi Shanker Nagar 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(5):497-498
The seeds of Commiphora wightii (Arnott) Bhandari contain 9.8 ± 0.7% oil. The fatty acid composition and chemical properties of the extracted oil were determined.
Gas liquid chromatography of the methyl esters of the fatty acids shows the presence of 46.62% saturated fatty acids and 51.40%
unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid composition is as follows: capric acid 3.50%, myristic acid 14.51%, palmitic acid
6.68%, stearic acid 4.70%, arachidic acid 3.18%, behenic acid 14.05%, myristoleic acid 1.34%, palmitoleic acid 12.07%, oleic
acid 14.15%, eicosenoic acid 0.11%, linoleic acid 22.34% and alpha linoleic acid 1.37%. 相似文献
4.
The seeds ofSolanum khasianum contain 14.5% of a fatty oil. The component fatty acids were found by gas liquid chromatography analysis to be 0.2% myristic,
14.2% palmitic, 0.9% palmitoleic, 4.4% stearic, 15% oleic, and 62.6% linoleic acids. 相似文献
5.
Gas-liquid Chromatographic analysis of the methyl ester of lipids of four rice varieties showed that bran lipids had significantly
higher mean contents of linoleic and linolenic acids, but lower contents of myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, and stearic acids
than milled rice lipids. Nine fatty acids were detected. The principal components were oleic, linoleic, and palmitic, which
also was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography of the esters.
Issued as I.R.R.I. Journal Series No. 12 相似文献
6.
C. R. Cavaglieri Felippe P. C. Calder M. G. Vecchia M. R. Campos J. Mancini-Filho E. A. Newsholme R. Curi 《Lipids》1997,32(6):587-591
The effect of oat bran-(OBD) and wheat bran-enriched diets (WBD) on fatty acid composition of neutral lipids and phospholipids
of rat lymphocytes and macrophages was investigated. In neutral lipids of lymphocytes, OBD reduced the proportion of palmitoleic
acid (48%), whereas WBD reduced by 43% palmitoleic acid and raised oleic (18%), linoleic (52%), and arachidonic (2.5-fold)
acids. In neutral lipids of macrophages, OBD increased palmitic (16%) and linoleic (29%) acids and slightly decreased oleic
acid (15%). The effect of WBD, however, was more pronounced: It reduced myristic (60%), stearic (24%) and arachidonic (63%)
acids, and it raised palmitic (30%) and linoleic (2.3-fold) acids. Neither OBD nor WBD modified the composition of fatty acids
in phospholipids of lymphocytes. In contrast, both diets had a marked effect on composition of fatty acids in macrophage phospholipids.
OBD raised the proportion of myristic (42%) and linoleic (2,4-fold) acids and decreased that of lauric (31%), palmitoleic
(43%), and arachidonic (29%) acids. WBD increased palmitic (18%) and stearic (23%) acids and lowered palmitoleic (35%) and
arachidonic (78%) acids. Of both cells, macrophages were more responsive to the effect of the fiber-rich diets on fatty aicd
composition of phospholipids. The high turnover of fatty acids in macrophage membranes may explain the differences between
both cells. The modifications observed due to the effects of both diets were similar in few cases: an increase in palmitic
and linoleic acids of total neutral lipids occurred and a decrease in palmitoleic and arachidonic acids of phospholipid. Therefore,
the mechanism involved in the effect of both diets might be different. 相似文献
7.
M. Asif A. Mannan T. Itoh T. Matsumoto 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1986,88(5):180-182
The oil of Albizzia lebbeck flowers was analysed. Saponifiable lipid contains capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, arachidic and behenic acids. Unsaponifiable lipid was found to contain aliphatic alcohols, taraxerol, β-amyrin, cycloartenol, lupeol, 24-methylene cycloartanol, campesterol, sitosterol and four unidentified components. 相似文献
8.
9.
Mohammad Mukarram Ishtiaque Ahmad Mashood Ahmad 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(6):1060-1060
Malva sylvestris seed oil contained 5.6% sterculic, 11.0% malvalic, 1.6% vernolic, 15.6% lauric, 6.6% myristic, 26.6% palmitic, 5.6% palmitoleic,
a trace of stearic, 23.0% oleic and 4.0% linoleic acids. The co-occurrence of malvalic and sterculic acids was established
by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) of the silver nitrate-methanol treated esters usingSterculia foetida esters as the reference standard. Co-occurrence of epoxy acid (vernolic acid) was confirmed withVernonia anthelmintica as the lipid standard. 相似文献
10.
Valrie Briard Nadine Leconte Franoise Michel Marie‐Caroline Michalski 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2003,105(11):677-682
Native milk fat globules of various mean diameters, ranging from d43 = 1.5 to 7.3 μm, were obtained using microfiltration of raw whole milk acquired in winter and spring. After total lipid extraction, fatty acid composition was characterized by methyl and butyl ester analysis using gas chromatography. The oleic and linoleic acid content of milk obtained in winter increased with fat globule size, whereas myristic and palmitic acid decreased. There was significantly more lauric, myristic and palmitoleic acid, and less stearic acid in small fat globules compared to large fat globules in milk obtained in both winter and spring. The relative content of oleic and linoleic acids were found to depend on fat globule size and season. Results are interpreted on the basis of the relative content of milk fat globule membrane depending on fat globule size, and on consequences of compositional variations on milk fat globule melting behavior. 相似文献
11.
The component fatty acids of the fat elaborated byAspergillus terreus Thom, which was found to be a promising mold for the production of fat, have been studied. The fat has, based on gas liquid
chromatographic evidence, 0.1% lauric, 1.9% myristic, 23.4% palmitic, 0.1% palmitoleic, 0.3% stearic, 14.1% oleic, 39.4% linoleic
and 20.7% linolenic acids. The presence of large proportions of linoleic and linolenic acids suggests technological interest
for the fat. 相似文献
12.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(1-2):151-155
Abstract A method of oleic acid purification is described. The method consists of the following five steps: 1) cooling of the sample to 4°C for a partial separation of palmitic acid by crystallization, 2) distillation at reduced pressure (0.8 mmHg) for removal of lauric and myristic acids, 3) crystallization of stearic and palmitic acids from acetone at -25°C, 4) separation of oleic acid from palmitoleic and linoleic acids by oleic acid crystallization from aqueous methanol solutions at ?10°C, 5) reduced pressure (0.5 mmHg) distillation of the resulting oleic acid sample for removal of water and methanol. By utilizing the procedure described above, a sample containing only 82% oleic acid was refined to a product containing 98.7–98.9% oleic acid. 相似文献
13.
The fatty acid composition of three seed oils of Apocynaceae has been studied in this investigation. The seed oils of Apocynaceae were examined for their component acids and were found to contain the following acids: Rauwolfia serpentina, Benth, (wt.%) lauric 0.2 %, myristic 0.8 %, palmitic 17.7%, stearic 4.9 %, arachidic 0.9 %, behenic 0.6 %, oleic 34.4 %, and linoleic 40.5 %. Rauwolfia tetraphylla, Linn. syn. Rauwolfia canescens, Linn., Rauwolfia heterophylla, Roem and Schult, (wt.%) lauric 0.9 %, myristic 3.4 %, palmitic 25.7 %, stearic 10.3%, arachidic 1.6%, behenic 1.4%, oleic 36.5 %, and linoleic 20.2 %. Vinca rosea Linn syn. Lochnera rosea, Linn. (wt.%) lauric 0.2%, myristic 1.0%, palmitic 1.4 %, stearic 6.8 %, arachidic 1.3 %, behenic 0.6 %, oleic 73.6 %, and linoleic 15.1 %. 相似文献
14.
The lipids of the common house cricket,Acheta domesticus L., have been examined with the following results. The fatty acids associated with the lipid extracts do not change significantly
from the third through the eleventh week of the crickets' postembryonic life. The major fatty acids are linoleic (30–40%),
oleic (23–27%), palmitic (24–30%), and stearic acids (7–11%). There are smaller amounts of palmitoleic (3–4%), myristic (∼1%),
and linolenic acids (<1%). The fatty acid composition of the cricket lipids reflects but is not identical to the fatty acids
of the dietary lipids: linoleic (53%), oleic (24%), palmitic (15%), stearic (3%), myristic (2%), and linolenic acid (2%).
The amount of triglycerides present in the crickets increases steadily from the second through the seventh or eighth week
of postembryonic life, then drops sharply. Other lipid classes, such as hydrocarbons, simple esters, diglycerides, monoglycerides,
sterols, and free fatty acids remain about constant. The composition of the fatty acids associated with the tri-, di-, and
monoglycerides and the free fatty acid fraction are all about the same. The fatty acids associated with the simple esters
are high in stearic acid.
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1965–1967. 相似文献
15.
Francesca R. Dani Sara Cannoni Stefano Turillazzi E. David Morgan 《Journal of chemical ecology》1996,22(1):37-48
The long-chain carboxylic acids identified in the sternal gland secretion ofPolistes dominulus andP. sulcifer females were tested individually on three species of ants,Crematogaster scutellaris, Formica cunicularia, andLasius sp., in order to verify if they have a repellent effect. The unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, linoleic, and oleic) act as repellents of all three ant species, while the saturated acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic) have no effect. The mixture reproducing the secretion of the sternal glands ofP. dominulus maintained its repellency for at least four days. 相似文献
16.
The fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols from fifteen distinct adipose depots taken from each of seven adult male human
subjects was compared. Oleic, palmitic, linoleic, stearic, myristic, palmitoleic and vaccenic acids accounted for more than
90% of the triacylglycerol fatty acids in all sites from all subjects; a number of other fatty acids were also identified
and quantified. There were large differences in theaverage fatty acid composition between individual subjects. There were
no site-specific differences in the proportions of myristic (3.8–4.7% of triacylglycerol fatty acids), palmitic (23–29%),
linoleic (6.7–9.8%) or vaccenic (4.1–4.7%) acids or in the proportions of any of the less abundant fatty acids. There were
some significant site-specific differences in the proportions of palmitoleic, oleic and stearic acids. The calf depot contained
more palmitoleic acid (6.41±1.09%) than the trapezius (3.12±0.55%), perirenal (3.59±0.50%) and mesenteric (3.70±0.43%) depots,
more oleic acid (42.13±1.27%) than the trapezius (36.03±2.18%), perirenal (36.50±1.56%) and breast (37.13±1.55%) depots and
less stearic acid (5.18±0.89%) than the trapezius (8.57±0.97%), perirenal (8.49±0.75%), mesenteric (7.87±0.42%), breast (8.02±0.75%)
and clavicular (8.34±0.78%) depots. The buttock depot contained less stearic acid (6.06±0.65%) than the perirenal, mesenteric
and clavicular depots, while the anterior thigh depot contained less stearic acid (6.07±0.70%) than the perirenal depot. These
findings indicate that, while most human adipose depots differ little in fatty acid composition, some sites, in particular
the calf, perirenal, trapezius and mesenteric depots, have site-specific properties. 相似文献
17.
Fatty acid composition of Iranian citrus seed oils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fatty acid compositions of seed oils from eight Iranian citrus fruits were determined. The ranges of values for major fatty
acids were 21.8–29.4% palmitic, 3.1–7.60% stearic, 0.3–1.3% palmitoleic, 23.5–32.3% oleic, 33.5–39.8% linoleic, and 3.1–7.6%
linolenic. Low amounts (up to 0.1%) of myristic and arachidic acids and traces of a few unidentified ones constituted minor
fatty acids. 相似文献
18.
Turkey hens were fed diets containing no added fat nor diets supplemented with soybean oil or neatsfoot oil. The composition
of neutral and polar lipid fatty acids present in the unincubated turkey egg yolk was compared with that of those present
in the yolk sac of the developing turkey embryo at different stages of development. Comparisons were made of the fatty acid
fractions in the entire embryo homogenates, except liver and heart, which were analyzed separately. Changes in the relative
amounts of the fatty acids are reported as affected by age of the embryo and by dietary lipids. The fatty acids from both
the neutral and polar lipids which were utilized to the greatest extent for embryonic development were palmitoleic, oleic,
linoleic, and linolenic, regardless of the dietary supplements. Arachidonic, tetracosenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids also
were metabolized by the embryo. Saturated fatty acids, used by the embryo as development progressed, were palmitic, stearic,
and arachidic acids. Analyses of the liver fatty acids showed that the C16∶0 C16∶1, C18∶0, C18∶1, and C20∶4 acids in the neutral
and polar lipids decreased with embryonic development and varied with the type of diet. The heart contained low levels of
myristic, palmitic, stearic, arachidic, and arachidonic acids in the neutral lipids and palmitoleic and oleic acids in the
polar lipids. 相似文献
19.
C. D. Daulatabad R. F. Ankalagi V. A. Desai 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》1989,91(6):237-238
The seed oil of Kydia calycina is found to contain the following acids (Wt%): Lauric 3.7, myristic 6.0, palmitic 4.9, stearic 11.4, arachidic 2.8, behenic 2.5, oleic 60.6, linoleic 5.3, and cyclopropenoid fatty acid content 2.9. 相似文献
20.
M. A. Somali M. A. Bajneid S. S. Al-Fhaimani 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(1):85-86
TheMoringa peregrina kernel contains 1.8% moisture, 54.3% oil, 22.1% protein, 3.6% fiber, 15.3% carbohydrate and 2.5% ash. The composition and
characteristics of the extracted oil were determined. Gas liquid chromatography of methyl esters of the fatty acids shows
the presence of 14.7% saturated fatty acids and 84.7% unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid composition is as follows: palmitic
9.3%, palmitoleic 2.4%, stearic 3.5%, oleic 78.0%, linoleic 0.6%, linolenic 1.6%, arachidic 1.8% and behenic 2.6%. 相似文献