红外动态场景目标模拟器系统设计

红外动态目标模拟器系统是红外制导武器半实物仿真系统中的核心设备,具有重大的军事和经济意义.以某空地导弹成像导引头半实物仿真系统为应用对象,采用微反射镜阵列(DMD)为核心器件,设计开发了基于DMD的大场景红外动态目标模拟器系统.针对模拟器系统的分辨率、对比度、最小可分辨温差、灰度等级等关键技术指标,对DMD芯片的信号解...     

基于DMD的红外场景仿真器设计及测试

红外场景仿真器是红外制导武器半实物仿真系统中的关键设备。文中以某型号空地导弹导引头半实物仿真系统为应用对象,以微反射镜阵列(DMD)为实现方式,采用VC和Vega软件为开发工具,开发完成了基于DMD的动态红外场景仿真器系统。对系统结构、场景生成器及其参数测试方法进行了详细设计,给出了测试结果。该仿真器系统参数测试满足设计要求,并且目前已经在某型号红外成像导引头半实物仿真测试系统中获得应用,逼真度高,取得了理想的应用效果。     

DMD的红外动态场景模拟器时间性能测试

DMD红外动态场景模拟器是红外半实物仿真系统的重要组成部分,其时间性能参数决定了模拟器能否将仿真图像正确投射到被测系统。介绍了DMD红外动态场景模拟器工作原理,深入分析了DMD驱动方式和工作时序。讨论了半实物仿真实验对DMD红外动态场景模拟器调制时间、同步和帧频等时间性能参数的需求。提出了DMD红外动态场景模拟器调制时间、同步和帧频测试方法,搭建了测试平台。对现有DMD红外动态场景模拟器调制时间、同步和帧频进行了测试,分析了测试中发现的模拟器相关问题,并提出了改进建议。为模拟器的研制、应用及性能评价提供一定的依据。     

基于DMD的红外场景仿真器硬件系统设计

红外场景仿真器是红外成像制导系统硬件闭环仿真应用中的关键设备.以某型导弹导引头硬件闭环仿真系统为应用背景,采用FPGA为主控器件设计了基于数字微镜器件DMD的红外场景仿真器硬件系统.首先介绍了DMD及其线性灰度控制,然后对图像解码和识别、高速数据缓存、驱动控制电路以及脉冲宽度灰度调制等硬件模块进行详细设计.给出主要指标实现方法,测试结果表明该系统能很好地将数字图像加载至DMD镜面,加装光学模块后可成功生成满足灰度等级及帧频数要求的红外图像.     

基于DMD红外场景仿真系统的研究及应用

系统地介绍了数字微镜器件(DMD)的工作原理、发展及应用。分析了DMD在红外场景仿真应用中所面临的主要技术问题,包括二进制脉宽调制(BPWM)可能产生的短暂假信号、动态范围受微镜衍射的限制、出射光瞳的均匀照射、DMD光学窗的光谱透射以及投影仪与被测导引头同步等。同时基于DMD开发了红外场景仿真原理样机,经测试可在受控的环境下逼真模拟比较复杂的战场环境,并能对红外制导系统的性能进行评估和系统参数优化。该系统可用于红外成像导引头与红外成像火控系统的半实物仿真、光电对抗以及红外成像武器系统的教学训练,并可根据用户的要求研制紫外和可见光场景的仿真系统。     

激光成像雷达DMD目标模拟器图像灰度级控制方法

重点讨论了数字微镜器件(Digital MicromirrorDevices,DMD)的空间,调制特性以及灰度等级控制特性,在此基础上提出了基于DMD器件的激光成像雷达目标模拟器反射图像的灰度级的控制方法.数字微镜器件是一种新型的微电子、微机械、微光学集成器件,可作为空间光调制器.在激光成像雷达半实物仿真系统中,由计算机图像生成器产生图像信号,图像信号转换成脉冲宽度调制控制信号,驱动DMD目标模拟器,产生不同灰度级的反射图像,验证了DMD目标模拟器在激光成像雷达半实物仿真中的可行性.     

数字微镜阵列红外动态景象模拟器的研制

红外动态景象模拟器为红外半实物仿真系统提供动态目标和背景,是半实物仿真系统的核心技术之一.介绍了基于数字微镜阵列研制的红外动态景象模拟器的组成、工作原理和技术指标.描述了数字微镜阵列红外动态景象模拟器的4大关键技术,即红外图像转换技术,红外图像转换器的同步调制驱动技术,红外光学耦合技术和红外热像逼真度修正技术.分析了红外图像转换器同步与不同步驱动对图像采集的影响.给出了经研制的数字微镜阵列景象模拟器产生、红外热像仪获取的红外图像.实验结果表明:该模拟可广泛应用于红外成像探测系统的仿真、测试和标定.     

基于数字微镜的可见光目标模拟器系统设计

可见光目标模拟器是可见光成像系统半实物仿真的重要组成,而基于数字微镜DMD的可见光目标模拟器系统更是具有高分辨率、高可靠性和数字控制和响应时间短的特点.本文在分析了可见光目标模拟系统的结构与原理的基础上,设计了一种可变通光量的可见光目标模拟器系统,最终解决了DMD的驱动控制、光学投影和通光量控制等技术问题,并通过实验成功验证了目标模拟器系统的各项功能.     

基于光纤阵列图像转换器的可见光生成系统

红外图像转换器技术是红外成像目标仿真技术的关键,用于研究如何在红外成像制导半实物仿真试验时模拟产生复杂场景的红外辐射。光纤阵列图像转换器是一种新型的红外图像转换器,该类转换器需要设计研制与之相匹配的可见光生成系统共同构成红外成像目标模拟器。针对某红外成像目标模拟器总体要求,给出了一种基于光纤阵列图像转换器的可见光生成系统设计实现方法,并对其关键性能指标进行了分析和测试。结果表明:该系统能够应用于红外成像半实物仿真,分析和测试方法为该类可见光生成系统的性能评估和优化设计提供了依据,具有一定的适用性。     

基于DMD的动态红外景象仿真系统

基于DMD的动态红外景象仿真系统以全数字化、高图像质量等优越的性能,在红外成像系统半实物仿真性能测试中得到越来越多的关注.文中介绍了基于DMD的动态红外景象仿真系统的基本组成与工作原理;建立了系统的性能指标体系,包括帧频、视场、出瞳口径、空间分辨率、温度分辨率、温度范围、图像对比度等,并给出系统主要性能参数的选择与确定方法;分析了系统的关键技术,如窗口更换、数据处理电路和驱动电路设计、红外照明光源设计、红外准直光学系统设计、红外热像逼真度修正等;最后指出DMD在实际应用中存在的问题,为系统设计、应用以及性能评价提供参考.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks