An RFID system for roll number identification

Improving efficiency in roll grinding process is a critical issue in the steel mill.Each roll has to be grinded to a well-defined profile and then to be measured for quality check.However,the surface conditions are inspected by using different on-line inspection probes equipped on the grinder.The roll number is a unique information which can be used to merge with a huge amount of measurement data so that the condition of each roll is fully monitored.One of the key factors that hinder the efficiency in such process is the errors and time consumption due to human intervention.In order to mitigate these issues and to realize the fully automatic grinding process,radio frequency identification technology(RFID) could be a solution and has been developed in this paper.It is well known that when an RFID tag is placed directly upon a metallic object,in the absence of a gap or a substrate,it functions rather poorly and even becomes totally dysfunctional.This limitation,in turn,poses a real barrier to the use of the RFID on metallic objects.This paper proposes a miniature RFID tag antenna design for application on roll number identification.The experimental tests show that the maximum read range of the proposed RFID tag placed on a roll is approximately 1.5m and the overall size is only 32×18×3.2 mm~3.An RFID system for roll number identification was used in a roll shop and several remarkable improvements were achieved,including the completely automatic grinding process and the error-free identification,as well as the high personnel safety operation.     

RFID transponder integration in metal surgical instruments produced by additive manufacturing

Abstract

Radio frequency identification (RFID) applications are becoming more and more important in logistics, especially for the purpose of tracking and managing items. Real time tracking of medical instruments during a surgical operation belongs to the state-of-the-art applications of this technology. The metallic environment in the operating room represents a big challenge, hampering the readability of the RFID tag. Currently, transponders are joined to metal instruments by bonding or clamping them inside a polymer shell, containing as little metal as possible. Assembling the tags is a time consuming process, which changes the usual shape of the instrument. It also represents a point of failure because of the possibility of losing the tag during the instrument’s life cycle. Selective laser melting (SLM) offers a way to integrate the entire RFID tag in a metallic instrument while keeping the original shape. Instrument manufacturing by SLM allows small wall thicknesses and a reduced temperature impact on the RFID tag during the building process. The production of trial components from IN718 nickel alloy is reported.     

Technological Assessment of Radio Frequency Identification Technology for Indoor Localization

Indoor localization is needed for guiding people who are not familiar with a facility. This need is more critical when guidance is needed to locate people or objects that need immediate attention. For example, an inexperienced facility worker might need to locate a building component (e.g., leaking pipe) for repair to prevent any damage to a facility or its residents. In such situations, an approach that can help the user to reach his/her destination point (i.e., a component of interest or a specific location in a facility) based on his/her current location is desired. To provide such guidance, the location of a person needs to be determined at a given point in time. This process is known as localization. The objective of this research study is to determine the technological viability of using radio frequency identification (RFID) to support localization. To assess the capability of RFID for localization, the writers conducted multiple field tests under real operating conditions within a facility at Carnegie Mellon University. Hypothesis tests and K-nearest neighborhood algorithm were used to determine the technological feasibility of RFID to support localization. The results showed that it is possible to identify the location of a user using this approach; however, some improvements in accuracy are needed.     

Ubiquitous Sensor Network for Construction Material Monitoring

Timely acquisition of construction resource information is an essential task for construction engineers and managers. Due to the harsh and dynamic construction environment, it is not easy to acquire construction information in real time. This paper presents a radio frequency identification (RFID) and ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4)-based system to manage materials on a busy construction site where a data communications system is not in place. RFID tags are attached to and used to identify various kinds of construction materials, and the ZigBee communication technology is used to wirelessly transfer this information. To confirm the viability of our system, the RFID and ZigBee technologies were assessed using an indoor experiment. Following this, a field experiment was then conducted. On a building construction site, a range of construction materials was identified using RFID tags and this information was transferred to an end user with the help of ZigBee multihop networking. The results of the field experiment showed an acceptable reading range and rate for the proposed system. Therefore, the integrated system with RFID and ZigBee modules demonstrated great potential for improving the existing management processes for construction resources on large and complex construction sites.     

基于RFID的中厚板成品物流标识的应用

针对中厚板的标识现状,阐述了国内外利用RFID在钢铁制品的标识成功案例,设计了一种集成条码和RFID、适用于8mm~10cm中厚板的标签,测试可用于一定堆垛条件下的中厚板物流管理。通过ZPL编码接口实现了RFID打印机与上位机的信息集成与自动发卡,有利于提高物流跟踪准确率、信息管理效率。     

炼钢生产工艺信息系统的开发与应用

济钢炼钢厂45t区生产工艺信息系统主要包括加料跨电子标签定位识别系统、炉后电子标签定位识别系统、PLC和仪表监控系统数据自动采集、工艺信息显示与管理系统和生产历史数据查询分析系统等,采取的关键技术有电子标签天车定位识别系统、大包包臂自动识别技术、监控软件的OPC和DDE技术等。系统应用后,数据准确可靠,实现了从混铁炉到铸机的综合炼钢工艺信息管理,产品废品率降低了0.25%,年增经济效益190万元。     

Implementing Radio Frequency Identification in the Construction Process

This paper provides construction industry owners and contractors with information about enhancing their operations using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Radio frequency identification involves the use of tags, or transponders, that collect data and manage it in a portable, changeable database; communicate routing instructions and other control requirements to equipment; and can withstand harsh environments. A construction industry-RFID supplier workshop was held to disseminate information about this technology and to generate suitable application ideas for the industry. With the information gathered during the workshop, one application idea was selected and pilot tests conducted to learn more about RFID and its applicability to the material procurement process on a construction site. The pilot tests showed that RFID tags reduced the time required to download data into a company’s material tracking system and could “flag” an item so an entry was not repeated. When scanning the tags, sun glare was not a problem as compared to using bar code labels. Although further analysis is necessary, RFID did show promise of being a beneficial technology as it relates to the materials receiving process. A flowchart is provided to assist contractors and owners in selecting the appropriate RFID system.     

RFID技术在计量管理中的应用

文章介绍了一种新型的自动识别技术--无线射频识别技术(RFID),并且针对企业需要实时、准确、有效的管理物资流转的现状,着重介绍了将这种新技术应用在大宗物流称重计量中,实现称重数据实时采集和称重数据信息网络化等功能.     

Local Information Access for Search and Rescue Using Wireless Data Storage Mediums

After a natural disaster strikes buildings, it is vital to immediately retrieve the related local information for efficient search and rescue (S&R) operations. Although it seems convenient to store the required local information (e.g., information about neighborhood, buildings) in a centralized database, S&R teams usually cannot access centralized databases because the information infrastructure is usually damaged or overloaded immediately after a disaster. This paper describes the search and rescue data access point (SR-DAP) system that was designed for storing and retrieving the required local information in/from data storage units that are deployed at buildings. In the paper, the developed approach is presented, and two key technologies (i.e., radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags and wireless sensor nodes) that are used as local storage mediums in SR-DAP are empirically evaluated. The results of the field experiments show that current technologies can be effectively utilized in the developed system. However, comparison of the technologies highlights the fact that the current wireless sensor technology is advantageous over RFID technology.     

Sensing and Field Data Capture for Construction and Facility Operations

Collection of accurate, complete, and reliable field data is not only essential for active management of construction projects involving various tasks, such as material tracking, progress monitoring, and quality assurance, but also for facility and infrastructure management during the service lives of facilities and infrastructure systems. Limitations of current manual data collection approaches in terms of speed, completeness, and accuracy render these approaches ineffective for decision support in highly dynamic environments, such as construction and facility operations. Hence, a need exists to leverage the advancements in automated field data capture technologies to support decisions during construction and facility operations. These technologies can be used not only for acquiring data about the various operations being carried out at construction and facility sites but also for gathering information about the context surrounding these operations and monitoring the workflow of activities during these operations. With this, it is possible for project and facility managers to better understand the effect of environmental conditions on construction and facility operations and also to identify inefficient processes in these operations. This paper presents an overview of the various applications of automated field data capture technologies in construction and facility fieldwork. These technologies include image capture technologies, such as laser scanners and video cameras; automated identification technologies, such as barcodes and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags; tracking technologies, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and wireless local area network (LAN); and process monitoring technologies, such as on-board instruments (OBI). The authors observe that although applications exist for capturing construction and facility fieldwork data, these technologies have been underutilized for capturing the context at the fieldwork sites as well as for monitoring the workflow of construction and facility operations.     

认识RFID技术

文章介绍了自动识别领域的新技术,RFID系统的基本组成、工作原理、优点及在供应链中的应用,并分析了RFID技术的市场发展和推广。     

Model for the 3D Location of Buried Assets Based on RFID Technology

As construction and renovation equipment excavate in the vicinity of utility lines, the buried infrastructure is likely to suffer some form of “attack,” be that simple mechanical abrasion or a major rupture. Damage to underground services can lead to widespread disruption and significant upstream (service provider) and downstream (end user) losses, often resulting in whole communities being isolated from emergency services and losing essential utilities such as water, gas, and electricity. The ability to physically determine on site the location of underground utilities is critical to reduce risk and consequence during excavation. For these reasons, the location and efficient maintenance of buried assets are a high priority, especially for utility companies. This paper presents the development of a model for the three-dimensional (3D) location of buried assets based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and findings from laboratory and field experiments. Passive, low frequency RFID devices were used during the research. Two approaches of this model, “Method A” and “Method B,” along with major experimental findings are discussed within the paper. In order to validate the applicability of each method, “real-world” field experiments were performed. The findings from this research demonstrated that applying RFID technology to locate buried assets has a great potential for facilitating the accurate 3D data of underground infrastructure.     

Tracking the Location of Materials on Construction Job Sites

Automated tracking of materials on construction projects has the potential to both improve project performance and enable effortless derivation of project performance indicators. This paper presents an approach by which materials tagged with radio frequency identification (RFID) tags can be automatically identified and tracked on construction sites, without adding to regular site operations. Essentially, this approach leverages automatic reading of tagged materials by field supervisors or materials handling equipment that are equipped with a RFID reader and a global positioning system receiver. To assess the technical feasibility of this approach, a mathematical model has been formulated such that the job site is represented as a grid and the location of materials within the grid is determined by combining proximity reads from a discrete range. Field experiments were conducted using an off-the-shelf RFID technology, and several metrics were developed to quantify the field performance and compare it with the theoretical positional accuracy derived from the discrete formulation.     

Key Performance Indicators for Strategic Healthcare Facilities Maintenance

The salient phases in a facility’s service life that are most decisive for the effectiveness of its facilities management (FM) are the preliminary design, construction, and maintenance. The effectiveness of facilities is vastly affected by decisions pertaining to the strategy of the organization that owns or uses the facilities. The goal of this study was to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for strategic FM that will provide a conclusive approach towards the facility’s service life conditions. Parameters were developed by means of field surveys and statistical analyses, and were validated by means of case studies. The research resulted in a series of 11 KPIs for strategic healthcare FM, which can be classified into four categories: development, organization and management, performance, and maintenance efficiency parameters. The study proposes age and occupancy coefficients as essential parameters for the assessment of large healthcare facilities needs, as an effective measure for long term facility maintenance planning, and for measuring FM effectiveness. The paper stresses that strategic healthcare facilities management must integrate quantitative performance, manpower, and maintenance indicators.     

Methodology for Automating the Identification and Localization of Construction Components on Industrial Projects

Even though engineered components, such as pipe spools and structural steel elements, generally account for a significant percentage of the total installed cost of an industrial project, current industry practices still rely on human ability to track thousands of these components individually after they are received at the job site. These site-tracking practices are inefficient and error prone. This paper presents an approach for automating the identification and localization of construction components on large industrial projects. The proposed approach combines advanced sensing devices and localization mechanisms. The appropriate combination of global positioning system and radio-frequency identification (RFID) facilitates an infrastructure-free data collection process capable of detecting a large number of RFID-tagged components in short amounts of time. Based on the collected data, localization mechanisms precisely estimate the coordinates of the tagged components. Field experiments on real construction scenarios demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed methodology.     

Developing O&M Plans for Homeowners Associations: Case Study

This paper presents a case study of a town-home community in Atlanta, and describes the development of an operations and maintenance (O&M) plan for the maintenance of the exterior building components of the superstructures, grounds, driveways, and landscape of the property. Included in this O&M plan is a current conditions assessment of the facility exterior maintenance and the financial budget associated with process improvements and the projected maintenance requirements.     

Neural computations for sound pattern recognition: evidence for summation of an array of frequency filters in an echolocating bat

Microchiropteran bats use an auditory sonar system for orientation and prey capture. Many bats use highly structured constant-frequency (CF) and frequency-modulated (FM) sonar orientation signals. Mechanisms for sound pattern recognition are important for the perception of these and other types of auditory signals. The processing and recognition of FM sound components appears to be important for certain complex perceptual tasks, including target distance perception. I have conducted behavioral studies using artificial echoes to simulate the conditions of a bat flying toward a target. An innate vocalization response of the bat to the simulated approaching target was used to assess the ability of the bat to analyze the structure of and extract distance information from different types of synthetic FM sound patterns. The bat's performance depended on the structure of the artificial echo. The pattern recognition performance of the bats was similar when they were presented with either a naturally structured artificial CF/FM echo or an artificial CF/FM echo containing an FM component consisting of a series of pure tone steps. The ability of the bats to recognize appropriately the structure of an FM signal constructed from a sequence of pure tones depended on the number of pure tone steps in the series. Noctilio was able to recognize FM sound patterns containing 99 or greater pure tone steps. The minimum required number of pure tone steps could be distributed over different frequency ranges. The bats were able to resolve individual tone steps in the series that were separated by at least 100 Hz.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

机车车辆跟踪管理系统研究

本系统是运用计算机、RFID射频识别、智能控制等技术研发的铁路运输的跟踪管理信息系统。系统记录了运输生产过程中所有的物流、车流和机车运用的动态信息、轨迹信息和历史信息,并对这些信息进行管理,自动生成各类统计报表,为运输管理决策提供了准确的科学依据。     

RFID技术在矿山井下人车智能安全管理系统中的应用研究

介绍射频识别（RFID）技术及其在矿山井下人车安全管理系统中的应用,以及RFID技术在采矿领域应用中的展望．     

De novo reverse transcription of HTLV-1 following cell-to-cell transmission of infection

Selection of shotgun phage-display libraries against complex mixtures of components, such as cells or sera, may result in a high number of nonspecifically binding phage. Consequently, correct interactions may be difficult to identify. To enable discrimination between faithful and nonspecific interactions, a set of eight different gene VIII-based, phage-display vectors were constructed. All vectors contain a "universal" screening tag positioned in such a way that it is only expressed when the inserted DNA encodes an open reading frame, which corrects a shift of reading frames in the vector. A Staphylococcus aureus shotgun phage-display library was made in a stoichiometric mixture of all vectors. After affinity-selection against IgG, one vector completely outcompeted the others. This vector contains the promoter and signal sequence from the gene encoding staphylococcal protein A and one suppressible stop codon immediately upstream of gene VIII. An increase in the frequency of clones expressing the affinity tag in all pannings correlated with selection for ligand-binding clones. This enables detection of putatively correct clones after selection of a shotgun phage-display library both against purified ligands and more complex materials like calf serum.