基于LISA语言的DSP高效建模方法

为便于数字信号处理器(DSP)的性能评测、优化和多核架构的探索,提出一种周期精度模拟器建模方法。分析机器描述语言LISA的特点及其在处理器建模上存在的问题,结合MIPS简单五级流水线的结构实现一种通用性强、可扩展、易重构的高效建模方法,基于该建模方法对一款高性能DSP华睿2号(HR-2)进行实例化,通过数字信号处理典型应用程序和基准测试程序验证该方法的正确性和可行性。     

HR-2 DSP核的周期精度模拟器设计

HR-2(华睿2号)是核高基重大专项中面向雷达应用的一款高性能数字信号处理器。为了给HR-2 DSP核开发提供一款模拟器以进行性能评测和优化指导,并提前进行多核架构的探索,提出一种高效的周期精度软件模拟器建模方法。首先分析该处理器的流水线结构,指令动态执行和分支预测机制,然后使用LISA语言在PD(Processor Designer)工具中对该处理器的流水线、指令集和寄存器重命名等内容进行设计实现,从而开发出HR-2 DSP核的周期精度模拟器模型。实验结果表明,基于该建模方法开发的模拟器周期精度误差在10%以内,可以进行高精度的处理器性能评测和各种模式下的架构探索。     

基于ESL方法的DSP微处理器行为模型设计

结合ESL中事务建模的方法,提出一种DSP微处理器周期精确的行为模型的建立方法。该模型描述DSP处理器设计中内部各子模块的功能划分、流水线的组织及指令的周期行为等关键问题。借助ESL仿真工具,用户可以方便地观察到处理器模型的内部操作,简化了对设计的理解,为逻辑设计和功能验证提供了参考依据,加快了处理器设计与验证的进程。     

亚轨道飞行器再入段导航制导快速原型设计

为了加快亚轨道飞行器再入段导航制导系统从算法设计到硬件产品的实现过程,采用快速原型技术进行设计.借助基于RTX的快速原型开发平台,利用Matlab/Simulink/RTW将导航制导模型自动生成C代码,对自动生成代码做出相应修改以满足系统实时性要求,再编译链接生成可执行DSP代码,加载到DSP(数字信号处理器),实现了亚轨道飞行器再入段导航制导系统的DSP硬件在回路仿真.该系统的实时仿真结果与Simulink数字仿真结果一致,表明快速原型系统设计的正确性.该方法具有开发周期短、实时性能好等优点.     

基于ARM920T内核的FFT算法的高效实现

随着ARM体系结构的发展,ARM处理器已经可以胜任许多DSP应用。为了充分挖掘ARM处理器数字信号处理能力,结合ARM内核设计特点设计了基4-FFT算法的高效ARM程序。代码设计中,对寄存器分配和指令调度作了精细地控制,提出了ARM汇编中浮点数的定点格式存储和计算方法,充分利用桶形移位器和5级流水线,避免了流水线互锁问题。实验结果表明优化后的程序指令周期总数减少并且运算精度很高。这些优化方法对ARM程序优化具有实际指导意义。     

DSP实时图像处理软件优化方法研究

为提高高速图像处理系统中数字信号处理器(DSP)软件的实时性,分别提出面向算法与代码2个层次的优化方法。算法级优化通过重新设计算法的实现流程,充分利用处理器资源,完成算法到处理器上的高效映射;代码级优化使用汇编语言,对固定算法的代码进行优化,使循环核形成高效的软件流水,达到实时性能要求。实验结果表明,2种优化方法均能提高DSP软件中关键模块的处理速度。     

DSP指令集仿真器的设计与实现

指令集仿真器是进行芯片设计评估,系统软件设计开发以及计算机软硬件协同设计的不可或缺的工具.在DSP的硬件设计和后期算法开发中,指令集仿真器也同样是起着至关重要的作用.该文参考当前在指令集仿真领域比较先进的JIT-CCS和IS-CS仿真技术,吸取了各自的一些优点,提出了仿真策略,设计并实现了基于DSP3000的指令集仿真器HJS.为了兼顾仿真速度与精度的要求,HJS实现了指令精度和时钟周期精度两种级别的仿真.同时,在指令Cache和流水线的仿真上都做到了既尽可能与实际硬件相符,同时也兼顾执行效率.为评估DSP硬件设计、DSP算法的实现提供了很好的软件模拟平台.     

VLIW处理器ISA建模与辅助软件优化技术

在基于VLIW结构的分组密码专用处理器设计过程中,研究了VLIW处理器的指令集体系结构建模技术.设计了一个指令精确的指令集模拟器,通过附加一个流水线相关及停顿统计模块,实现了周期精确的程序运行统计和流水线停顿统计.结合指令集模拟器、汇编器以及调试器,设计了一个面向VLIW处理器的辅助程序优化环境.利用模拟器和调试器来评估程序的指令级并行度以及资源占用情况,辅助程序开发者优化VLIW处理器程序,从而达到软硬件协作开发VLIW处理器指令级并行性的最终目的.     

FIR数字滤波器设计及其FPGA实现

以FPGA为硬件平台,利用FPGA的DSP开发工具DSP Builder对数字滤波器进行建模设计及系统模型仿真,生成VHDL工程文件,编制相应顶层文件,使其符合滤波器硬件系统。利用QuartusⅡ对项目进行综合、编译和调试,生成原理图模块和RTL电路图。通过对5 kHz方波信号进行仿真滤波,并将VHDL下载到硬件系统中进行硬件实现,有效地提取到5 kHz的正弦信号。实验结果表明,该设计很好地达到了FIR滤波器的性能,为数字滤波器的设计与实现提供了新的途径和方法。     

VelociTI结构浮点DSPs的流水线异常处理方法

在采用基于VelociTI结构浮点DSPs流水线模式设计具有自主知识产权的数字信号处理器中,为了正确有效地实现对流水线异常的控制,提出了一种该结构流水线发生异常时的处理方法。对引起流水线异常的情况进行了合理的分类,存储器阻塞、多执行包和多周期NOP指令采用通过控制流水线寄存器的时钟信号实现控制。采用控制指令的执行条件实现了中断引起的流水线队列中部分指令的废除。对提出的方法采用VHDL语言建模设计,仿真结果验证了其正确性。     

Analysing students' shared activity while modeling a biological process in a computer-supported educational environment

Abstract  This paper reports on a case study with three dyads of high school students (age 14 years) each collaborating on a plant growth modeling task in the computer-supported educational environment ' ModelsCreator '. Following a qualitative line of research, the present study aims at highlighting the ways in which the collaborating students as well as the facilitator who supported them are engaged in the computer-based modeling 'activity'. The analysis is carried out with a two-level analytic tool that has been derived within the theoretical framework of 'activity theory'. Our results show that a wide range of modeling 'operations' is activated in the context of the three major modeling 'actions' of 'analysis', 'synthesis' and 'testing-interpreting', which take place in the light of the facilitator-driven 'action' of cognitive and technical support. Moreover, these actions are combined into 'modeling units' of various forms which are repeated several times until the modeling process comes to an end. These many-fold repeats of the 'modeling unit' appear to shape a pattern which characterizes the computer-supported shared 'activity' as a whole.     

Context-aware garment modeling from sketches

Modeling of realistic garments is essential for creating believable virtual environments. Sketch-based modeling of garments presents an appealing, easy to use alternative to the established modeling approaches which are time consuming and require significant tailoring expertise. Unfortunately, the results created using existing sketch-based methods lack realism. Driven by human perception of garment sketches, we propose a context-aware garment sketch interpretation based on a set of observations about key factors that affect the shape of garments. Based on this analysis we develop a geometric method for sketch-based modeling of garments which obtains more realistic results than previous techniques. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on a variety of inputs and validate our approach via a user study where viewers were asked to compare the believability of our outputs versus previous ones.     

A ‘context-aware’ and agent-centric perspective for the alignment between individuals and organizations

The enterprise modeling field aims at representing organizations from several, inter-related perspectives. A number of enterprise modeling frameworks have been developed providing models, methods and tools that enable to communicate the structure and processes of organizations. These frameworks have been used both for systems development and organizational analysis ends, where the latter mainly focuses process (re)design efforts. We argue that enterprise modeling frameworks can be used for other kinds of organizational analysis. In particular, they can be used to capture and model work practices, human multitasking at work, and to compare models describing pre-defined behavior with actual execution.     

三维CAD 混合建模技术研究

三维数字化建模主要有两种技术：一是参数化建模,二是直接建模。但这 两种技术在实际应用中均存在缺陷。论文将两种建模方法融合在一起形成混合建模技术,能 更好地体现设计者的意图,提高设计效率。     

三维地质模型分析概述

由于三维地质建模需要对矿体的品位等属性信息进行详细的描述,所以三维地学建模须采用基于体元的方法建模,也可以由表面模型栅格化为体元模型。综述了现在常用的三维地质建模的一般方法,实体模型、四面体、块体模型、结构实体几何、似三棱柱等,并对各自的优缺点进行了分析,着重介绍了基于体元的建模方法,可为三维地质建模初学者提供一定的参考。     

A procedure for building product models

The application of product modeling in manufacturing companies raises the important question of how to model product knowledge in a comprehensible and efficient way. An important challenge is to qualify engineers to model and specify IT-systems (product models) to support their specification activities. A basic assumption is that engineers have to take the responsibility for building product models to be used in their domain. To do that they must be able to carry out the modeling task on their own without any need for support from computer science experts. This paper presents a set of simple, easily adaptable concepts and methods for modeling product knowledge. The concepts and methods are based on well-defined concepts and methods from data modeling (object oriented analysis) and domain modeling (product modeling). The concepts are general and can be used for modeling all types of specifications in the different phases in the product life cycle. The modeling techniques presented have been tested in different companies and have proved to work.     

MuscleBuilder: A modeling tool for human anatomy

A traditional multi-layered approach is adopted to human body modeling and deformation. The model is split into three general anatomical structures: the skeleton, musculature and skin. It is shown that each of these layers is modeled and deformed by using fast, procedural, ad-hoc methods that can painlessly be reimplemented. The modeling approach is generic enough to handle muscles of varying shape, size and characteristics and does not break in extreme skeleton poses. It is also described that the integrated MuscleBuilder system whose main features are: i) easy and quick creation of muscle deformation models; ii) automatic deformation of an overlying skin. It is shown that visually realistic results can be obtained at interactive frame rates with very little input from the designer.     

A Curvature and Density‐based Generative Representation of Shapes

This paper introduces a generative model for 3D surfaces based on a representation of shapes with mean curvature and metric, which are invariant under rigid transformation. Hence, compared with existing 3D machine learning frameworks, our model substantially reduces the influence of translation and rotation. In addition, the local structure of shapes will be more precisely captured, since the curvature is explicitly encoded in our model. Specifically, every surface is first conformally mapped to a canonical domain, such as a unit disk or a unit sphere. Then, it is represented by two functions: the mean curvature half‐density and the vertex density, over this canonical domain. Assuming that input shapes follow a certain distribution in a latent space, we use the variational autoencoder to learn the latent space representation. After the learning, we can generate variations of shapes by randomly sampling the distribution in the latent space. Surfaces with triangular meshes can be reconstructed from the generated data by applying isotropic remeshing and spin transformation, which is given by Dirac equation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on datasets of man‐made and biological shapes and compare the results with other methods.     

Location-based services and GIS in perspective

This paper examines location-based services (LBS) from a broad perspective involving definitions, characteristics, and application prospects. We present an overview of LBS modeling regarding users, locations, contexts and data. The LBS modeling endeavors are cross-examined with a research agenda of geographic information science. Some core research themes are briefly speculated.     

SOA全生命周期建模方法综述

在介绍SOA(面向服务的架构)项目实施过程的基础上,从SOA全生命周期的视角,着重从方法论上对实施SOA项目所涉及到的业务流程建模、服务建模、数据建模、服务集成建模和业务监控建模进行了分析与评述,并提供了一些新的解决思路,同时指出了SOA建模领域的一些研究热点及趋势。