球团竖炉焙烧菱铁矿工业试验

主要介绍马钢利用球团竖炉焙烧菱铁矿工业试验的情况。试验结果表明:将焙烧温度控制在1 050~1 100℃,焙烧矿的w(TFe)由42%左右提高到62%左右,w(S)由0.3%左右下降到0.04%左右,抗压强度由6 000 N/块下降到1 050 N/块左右,转鼓指数由90%左右下降到47%左右,基本可以满足高炉或转炉对块矿的技术要求。     

竖炉球团富氧焙烧工业性试验研究

为了研究燃烧废气含氧量及助燃风含氧量与抗压、转鼓强度、日生球量的关系.在济钢2#球团竖炉进行了富氧焙烧的工业试验.结果表明,随氧浓度的升高,炉内的气氛更加活跃,球团矿抗压、转鼓强度和产量增加,在氧浓度达到7.5%时达到综合最佳水平.如氧浓度再继续增加,反而会降低;废气含氧量在7.5%-11.26%时比较适于球团生产,废气含氧量在7.5%时,年市场经济效益为613.24万元.     

双层燃烧室竖炉焙烧大块矿石工业试验研究

本文通过100m^3单、双燃烧室竖炉焙烧大块矿石工业试验与研究，找到适合焙烧酒钢桦树沟大块矿石的炉型，改善了矿石的焙烧条件，提高了焙烧矿产、质量和单台炉回收率。     

球团竖炉焙烧温度模型的研究

叙述了影响球团竖炉焙烧温度的基本因素，建立了竖炉焙烧温度的仿真模型，并在此仿真模型的基础上，建立了控制系统的控制方案，用智能控制方法实现了非直接测量的球团竖炉焙烧温度控制。     

优化大冶竖炉球团焙烧工艺参数的试验研究

为了探索改善球团矿原料质量的途径,用润磨处理和未润磨处理精矿作原料的球团矿,按大冶竖炉球团矿生产的工艺条件在实验室进行了预热、焙烧等项目的试验。试验表明,在同样的预热、焙烧的工艺参数下,用润磨原料生产的球团矿,其抗压强度高于未润磨原料生产的球团矿;如按球团矿抗压强度达到3000N／个为基准,润磨原料比未润磨原料需要较少的预热时间、焙烧时间和较低的预热温度、焙烧温度。采用润磨技术处理精矿是改进竖炉球团矿生产的一项有效措施。     

竖式移动床内气固传热实验研究

为了确定球团竖炉生产能力(利用系数)与结构和操作参数之间的定量关系，以球团竖炉利用系数为目标，用热成像仪分析竖式移动床内气固传热规律，研究了料层中火焰穿透深度、焙烧加热高度和结构与操作参数之间的关系。     

以重渣油为燃料的竖炉球团焙烧工艺研究

首钢密云竖炉在国内首次采用以重油为燃料，生产酸性氧化球团矿，解决了重油雾化燃烧、正压块速点火、温度控制等问题，研究了以重渣油为燃料的竖炉球团焙烧工艺，探讨了合理的护型及能耗等。     

酒钢庆华精粉竖炉球团试验研究

本文通过对庆华精矿进行的造球及焙烧试验结果表明,庆华铁精矿可以应用于竖炉的生产,在膨润土的配加量为3%、造球时间8~9 min、焙烧温度1 150℃、焙烧时间15 min的情况下可获得质量较好的球团矿。     

酒钢竖炉球团配用黑鹰山精矿试验研究

本文研究了竖炉球团配加黑鹰山精矿与磁铁精矿搭配的球团性能,结果表明,黑鹰山精矿与磁铁精矿搭配,可以代替磁铁精矿提高球团矿质量,同时为高炉减少烧结矿入炉量,降低能耗提供条件。     

火焰炉热交换模型—区域法的改进

本文针对区域法（或称“段法”）在建立火焰炉热交换数学模型的实际计算中存在计算层次太多、占计算机内存太大的缺点,提出了“炉段假想面”区域法。用该法对一座逆流燃油加热炉及一座顺逆流燃油加热炉进行了预示计算。在预示计算中,应用Dunkle提出的几何平均射线行程计算辐射直接交换面积。非线性的区域能量方程组的求解采用Broyden方法。计算结果表明“炉段假想面”区域法比传统的区域法具有计算简单、收敛速度快、占计算机内存少等优点,而且计算精度较高。     

南钢竖炉球团生产用料结构的探讨

介绍南钢球团厂的用料情况及在生产过程中用料结构的变化对竖炉炉况的影响，分析竖炉球团生产对用料结构的一些要求，总结南钢竖炉球团厂在优化用料结构上的经验和调节手段。     

辐射管炉炉膛辐射换热计算方法

文章提出了计算辐射管炉内辐射换热的两种简化方法:当量连续灰平面法和假想面法,并与实际情况进行了比较计算.结果表明,两种方法都能较精确地计算辐射管炉内辐射换热,而假想面法具有更强更优越的实用性.     

Heat Transfer Modelling of a Blast Furnace Hearth

This paper describes the development of a heat transfer model with the purpose of studying the heat flows in the hearth of an operating blast furnace. Temperature profiles were calculated for a period of time to study the transition from steady blast furnace operation to an unsteady period, and back to a steady period. This total time period had the highest lining temperatures registered since the beginning of the current campaign. It was concluded that no part of the lining had an inner temperature higher than the critical temperature of 1150 °C. Thus, no refractory could have been in direct contact with slag or iron. The corner between the wall and the bottom was identified to be the most sensitive part of the lining. It is suggested that thermocouples are installed in this area, to improve the temperature control.     

高炉内部气体流动与传热的模拟分析

分别建立了高炉内气体流动、传热的二维和一维数理模型,对高炉煤气流的流场、压力场和温度场进行了数值模拟,基于一维模拟温度结果预测了炉内气体成分变化,并分析了燃烧温度和鼓风速率对煤气流动及温度的影响。研究结果表明：简化的一维模型可适用于高炉煤气温度轴向变化的预测：鼓风速率和燃烧温度的变化影响软熔带的位置、炉内压力损失及炉顶煤气温度。在高炉实际操作中,合理的鼓风速率和燃烧温度是高炉炉况顺行的保障。     

中国球团竖炉技术进步

分析了中国球团竖炉目前所面临的机遇与挑战；阐述了球团矿和球团竖炉的发展状况；总结了球团竖炉结构和操作上的技术发展；提出了球团竖炉发展中的2个关键问题及其解决途径；并进行了球团竖炉的技术展望。     

Gas Flow Distribution in Pelletizing Shaft Furnace

Through thermal test, cold state experiment, analysis and simulation of thermal process, the gas flow distribution in pelletizing shaft furnace （PSF） was discussed. The results show that there are five flowing trends among them, the downward roasting gas and the upward cooling gas are the most unsteady, which influence flow distribution greatly. Among the operating parameters, the ratio of inflow is a key factor affecting the flow distribution. The roasting and cooling gases will entirely flow into the roasting zone and internal vertical air channels （IVAC）, respectively, if the ratio of inflow is critical. From such a critical operating condition increasing roasting gas flow or decreasing cooling gas flow, the roasting gas starts flowing downwards so as to enter the inside of IVAC the greater the ratio of inflow, the larger the downward flowrate. Among constructional parameters, the width of roasting zone b1, width of IVAC b2 and width of cooling zone b3, and the height of roasting zone h1, height of soaking zone h2 and height of cooling zone hs are the main factors affecting flow distribution. In case the ratio of b2/b3, or h3/h2, or h1/h2 is increased, the upward cooling gas tends to decrease while the downward roasting gas tends to increase with a gradual decrease in the ratio of inflow.     

高炉炉墙热负荷的传热学分析和研究

应用传热学理论计算了冷却器设计参数，炉衬厚度，渣铁凝固层厚度以及对流换热系数对炉墙热负荷的影响。结果表明：高炉炉墙的热负荷与冷却水管直径，冷却水管间距和镶砖的导热系数成正比，与冷却水管距冷却壁热面的距离，镶砖厚度和面积成反林；改变冷却壁的设计参数虽然使炉墙的热负荷增大，但炉墙的热面工作温度却反而降低。这有利于保护炉衬。     

Steady State Heat Transfer of Ladle Furnace During Steel Production Process

The heat transfer analysis was performed for an industrial ladle furnace （LF） with a capacity of 55-57 t in Turkey. The heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation from outer and bottom surfaces, top and electrodes of LF were determined in detail. Finally, some suggestions about decreasing heat losses were presented.     

Transient Heat Transfer Analysis of Blast Furnace Cooling Staves

The capability of cooling staves is crucial for a long campaign life of blast furnaces (BF). Transient heat transfer analysis of blast furnace cooling staves made of copper, cast steel, and ductile cast iron are performed. Moreover, the temperature field variations of cooling staves according to different distributions of gas flow temperature are studied. A discussion of cooling staves made of the three different materials is given based on their performance during the transient heat transfer process. The results indicate that copper staves are suited for a long campaign life, as their performance is much better compared to cast steel and ductile cast iron staves especially during unsteady heat transfer. Moreover, the capacity of staves made of cast steel is better than that of ductile cast iron.