Auswahl von Sorbenzien für die Gasphasenadsorption

Selection of Sorbents for Gas Phase Adsorption. For gas phase adsorption processes it is almost always necessary to select a suitable sorbent by experiment, i.e. a sorbent that is suitable for adsorption as well as for desorption. Therefore sorbents from the group of activated carbons, adsorbent resins and zeolites have been tested and compared with each other under adsorption and desorption conditions. The sorbents have also been checked for reliable function. Operational disturbances are often caused by components such as water vapor or (irreversibly adsorbing) high boiling components. In any case it is useful to select adsorbents which are not susceptible to interference by these components. The co-adsorption of water vapor, undesirable in practice, normally leads to a reduced adsorbent capacity. It is also shown that a single high boiling component, present in traces in the gas, loads the adsorbent to the same extent as the pure main component, so that there is hardly any capacity left for the main component. The range of investigation was insufficient to draw up general rules for the different groups of sorbents referring to the points considered.     

Produktdesign von Kunststoffen für die Waschmittelindustrie

Water soluble polymers in the detergent industry represent on the one hand parts of the formulations of washing powder to improve the washing result, and are used on the other hand as foils for the packaging of liquid detergent portions. Insoluble, thermoplastic polymers (PE, PP, PET) are needed as packaging materials for solids, pastes, suspensions and liquids in the form of laminated cardboard, boxes, bags, bottles, buckets and tubes. The polymers can be tailored to the application. For this purpose, not only the possibilities of the reaction and synthesis technology are available, but the addition of additives manages the adjustment of the required physical, technical and optical properties, such as color and durability. In an extrusion process, the plasticized or melted material gets the product shape; any form can be produced. The packaging should convince not only in forms and functions, but also throughout the aesthetics relating to the specific brand. The product design is the sum of these parameters.     

Über die Eignung der Fluvographie als Meßmethode für die Hornschichtfeuchtigkeit nach Anwendung von Externa

Fluvography as a Suitable Method for Measurement of Epidermal Moisture after Application of Ointments A hydration of the horny layer and perhaps of the deeper layers of the epidermis was produced in 16 male volunteers by an increase of the relative humidity of air from 20 to 90% and in 10 male volunteers by an occlusive tape. The results indicate that the hydration of the horny layer and perhaps the deeper layers of the epidermis runs parallel with an increase of the heat transport coefficient Λ_G of the skin devoid of blood circulation. The results obtained from the present study indicate that the increase in the heat transport coefficient Λ_G with semiocclusive topical ointments which we found earlier is probably due to an increase of the water content of the horny layer and perhaps of deeper layers of the epidermis. It is concluded that fluvography is a useful method for determining the occlusive hydration effect of water free ointments.     

Wachse für die interne Versiegelung von Beton

Waxes for the Internal Sealing of Concrete The chloride resistance of concrete is essentially improved by the internal sealing of concrete with wax. Thus damage by corrosion of the reinforcing steel can be reduced and splitting off by frost and thawing salt can be prevented. Possibilities for application for the internal sealing of concrete are given with regard to the construction of bridges, in the production of concrete finished parts and for waste water. Recent test results show that the internal sealing of concrete lead to an increase of the sulfate stability.