Recent development of vibration utilization engineering

The utilization of vibration and wave, which was developed during the latter half of the 20th century, is one of the most valueable technology applications and has been rapidly developing recently [1–10]. Because the technique is closely associated with industry and agriculture, it can create huge social and economical benefits and provide excellent services for society. Thus, due to its necessity in industry and daily life, extensive research has been devoted to vibration utillization engineering. In this paper, vibration utilization is classified into linear or nonlinear vibrations, waves, and electric-magnetic oscillations. Their phenomena, patterns, and applications in nature and society are introduced. Some research results about vibration utilization engineering are described.     

变阻尼半主动振动控制研究现状

半主动控制系统在国内外得到很多关注,已取得了很大的研究进展。通过对结构振动控制的概述,介绍了变阻尼半主动控制的控制装置和控制算法的研究现状,并指出结构振动半主动控制工程应用所面临的几个主要问题。     

我国机械优化研究与应用的综述和展望

综述了优化设计这一现代设计方法在我国机械工业中的研究和应用进展，着重介绍了机械结构，机构，传动系统，工程机械以及振动系统的优化研究工作，展望了机械优化设计方法的发展动向及若干重要问题。     

本世纪一个新的经济增长点——绿色再制造工程

废旧机电产品的回收利用已成为世界各国倍受关注的话题。本文论述了国内外绿色再制造工程的发展态势及其在环境保护、资源利用、保持社会经济可持续发展中的重要作用,绿色制造将成为新的经济增长点。     

声学超材料在低频减振降噪中的应用评述

低频机械波在传播过程中穿透力强,难以衰减,特别是次声频段的机械波易与机体器官发生共振,对身体造成危害。为了实现对低频机械波的有效控制,解决现代工业生产和生活中普遍存在的噪声污染问题,结合最近十几年发展起来的声子晶体和声学超材料,系统地总结和论述通过声子晶体和声学超材料解决低频振动噪声问题的新方法。归纳和总结典型的低频振动噪声来源和对其进行控制方面存在的一些困难,介绍低频振动噪声的危害。重点概括基于声子晶体禁带特性实现低频振动噪声被动控制的相关研究工作,主要介绍通过亚波长尺寸特征的杆、薄板和薄膜类结构来实现低频振动和噪声衰减的具体方法和效果。在声学超材料的理论框架下,讨论薄膜类结构在低频振动噪声衰减中的应用及其优缺点。通过结合实际工程需要和最新研究动态,对这一领域存在的问题和后续发展趋势进行总结。研究对推动声子晶体和声学超材料在工程实践中的应用具有一定的引导意义。     

基于拉索振动特征的索力检测与评估方法

基于拉索振动力学模型,建立了频率与索力的数学关系.提出运用实测振动频率推算索力及频率点所对应振动阶数的计算公式,给出采用相邻频率值推算出的频率阶数偏离整数程度来评价索力测量结果可靠性、合理性的方法.针对拉索振动特点及索力检测应用环境开发出一款新型索力检测仪,其实用性、合理性已在实际工程应用中获得验证.     

工程陶瓷的加工技术

主要介绍了国内外工程陶瓷材料特种加工技术如电火花加工、激光加工、高速往复磨削、复合磨削、振动钻孔、超声波微孔等6项加工技术，以及3项常规加工新技术的开发及应用近况。     

Design and experimental analysis of new industrial vibration dampers

Vibration dampers are the first line of defense against shock and impacts sustained by mechanical and structural systems. Consequently, for decades, new impact damping technologies have been developed and applied in several engineering fields to attenuate undesired vibrations. Linear particle chain (LPC) impact dampers are the latest category of impact dampers being developed for the mitigation of unwanted vibrations in many systems. However, the challenges associated with prototyping such devices made their application in practical systems very limited. This paper proposes five innovative designs for the LPC impact dampers satisfying a wide range of industry needs in terms of efficiency, cost, and sustainability. The proposed designs are fabricated and tested under the same conditions to assess their efficiency in attenuating the vibration of a simple structure. Each design showed consistent behavior, but some designs outperformed others depending on the geometry, physical characteristics, and type of structure. The detailed design, experimental study, and time response comparisons are presented here to provide an initial study towards the development of practical sustainable LPC vibration dampers for real engineering applications.     

Fretting fatigue considerations in holistic structural integrity based design processes (HOLSIP)—A continuing evolution

Fretting fatigue has become one of the most significantly recognized failure mechanisms in engineering applications of critical components of many joined sub-systems or systems. It is one of the major areas of concern in fixed wing aircraft connections, rotary wing gearboxes, clutches, bearings, bushing, lugs, and engines of all types in the aviation industry. For many years the power generation industry has recognized the importance of fretting fatigue and some major failures have been attributed to fretting fatigue over many years. It has been of concern in many other industries in recent years. As the knowledge on fretting corrosion, fretting wear, and fretting fatigue has expanded it has been recognized as a major source of the failure of engineering components in a myriad of applications. This has led to recent standards for testing and terminology related to fretting fatigue in Japan, the USA/Canada (ASTM), and France.     

Inverse eigenvalue problems in vibration absorption: Passive modification and active control

The abiding problem of vibration absorption has occupied engineering scientists for over a century and there remain abundant examples of the need for vibration suppression in many industries. For example, in the automotive industry the resolution of noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) problems is of extreme importance to customer satisfaction. In rotorcraft it is vital to avoid resonance close to the blade passing speed and its harmonics. An objective of the greatest importance, and extremely difficult to achieve, is the isolation of the pilot's seat in a helicopter. It is presently impossible to achieve the objectives of vibration absorption in these industries at the design stage because of limitations inherent in finite element models. Therefore, it is necessary to develop techniques whereby the dynamic of the system (possibly a car or a helicopter) can be adjusted after it has been built. There are two main approaches: structural modification by passive elements and active control. The state of art of the mathematical theory of vibration absorption is presented and illustrated for the benefit of the reader with numerous simple examples.     

Prognostics and health management design for rotary machinery systems—Reviews,methodology and applications

Much research has been conducted in prognostics and health management (PHM), an emerging field in mechanical engineering that is gaining interest from both academia and industry. Most of these efforts have been in the area of machinery PHM, resulting in the development of many algorithms for this particular application. The majority of these algorithms concentrate on applications involving common rotary machinery components, such as bearings and gears. Knowledge of this prior work is a necessity for any future research efforts to be conducted; however, there has not been a comprehensive overview that details previous and on-going efforts in PHM. In addition, a systematic method for developing and deploying a PHM system has yet to be established. Such a method would enable rapid customization and integration of PHM systems for diverse applications. To address these gaps, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the PHM field, followed by an introduction of a systematic PHM design methodology, 5S methodology, for converting data to prognostics information. This methodology includes procedures for identifying critical components, as well as tools for selecting the most appropriate algorithms for specific applications. Visualization tools are presented for displaying prognostics information in an appropriate fashion for quick and accurate decision making. Industrial case studies are included in this paper to show how this methodology can help in the design of an effective PHM system.     

基于独立分量分析的壳体结构振源数目估计方法

在振源数目未知的条件下,仅利用多通道观测混合信号准确分离源信息是信号源盲分离的技术难题之一。为了揭示观测振动混合信号的复杂组成结构,以及为振源信息盲分离提供可靠的先验信息,提出一种基于独立分量分析和聚类评估技术的信源数目估计方法。通过仿真试验与壳体结构试验台典型机械振动信号分析,定量比较基于信息理论的源数估计方法AIC/MDL与提出方法的性能,研究结果表明所提出方法可从振动调制混合信号中准确可靠地估计信源数目,具有更好的工程应用性能。     

金属材料加工中的振动利用问题

综合评述了几十年来在金属材料加工中利用振动的若干理论和试验成果。主要包括振动拉伸、振动切削、振动剪切、振动轧制的试验和工程应用情况。对振动加工的机理问题进行了探讨,并提出了在这一领域有待深入研究的主要课题。     

磁流变液减振技术现状及方法研究

以舰船设备减振降噪研究为背景,分析了新型减振材料基本情况和国内外技术现状,简要阐述了磁流变液的组成及磁流变效应的机理,对近年来磁流变液减振技术在机械工程、军事领域等方面的应用进行了分类综述,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

Prognostic modelling options for remaining useful life estimation by industry

Over recent years a significant amount of research has been undertaken to develop prognostic models that can be used to predict the remaining useful life of engineering assets. Implementations by industry have only had limited success. By design, models are subject to specific assumptions and approximations, some of which are mathematical, while others relate to practical implementation issues such as the amount of data required to validate and verify a proposed model. Therefore, appropriate model selection for successful practical implementation requires not only a mathematical understanding of each model type, but also an appreciation of how a particular business intends to utilise a model and its outputs.This paper discusses business issues that need to be considered when selecting an appropriate modelling approach for trial. It also presents classification tables and process flow diagrams to assist industry and research personnel select appropriate prognostic models for predicting the remaining useful life of engineering assets within their specific business environment. The paper then explores the strengths and weaknesses of the main prognostics model classes to establish what makes them better suited to certain applications than to others and summarises how each have been applied to engineering prognostics. Consequently, this paper should provide a starting point for young researchers first considering options for remaining useful life prediction. The models described in this paper are Knowledge-based (expert and fuzzy), Life expectancy (stochastic and statistical), Artificial Neural Networks, and Physical models.     

论路面不平度的研究背景和进展

提出了研究路面不平度的意义及其必要性。从整车平顺性的角度分析了该领域的研究背景;分别从道路工程和车辆工程两个领域归纳总结了国内外的研究阶段和发展现状。最后指出虽然汽车业近些年来迅猛发展,但在路面辨识方面的系统研究还很匮乏,急需开展相关工作,为车辆的研发和设计奠定坚实的基础。     

计算机在机械工程中的应用

计算机技术得到了突飞猛进的发展,渗透到各个领域发挥作用。文章介绍了计算机技术及有限元的相关知识,总结了有限元法的特点,并分析了有限元法在现代机械工程中的应用。     

卷到卷制造中基板横向振动研究进展

运动基板的横向振动问题已经成为严重限制卷到卷制造效率和质量的关键。详细介绍了卷到卷制造中运动基板横向振动问题的研究概况。讨论了运动基板横向振动的建模方法,以Hamilton原则为例,推导了基板横向振动的控制方程,结合解析求解和数值求解方法,计算横向振动的频率和模态。分析了基板张力、速度、材料特性、中间支撑和外界环境等因素对基板自由振动特性及动态稳定性的影响。研究了基板参数振动特性,考虑基板张力和速度两个主要参数的波动,阐述了基板横向振动被动控制和主动控制方法。联合基板纵向张力控制和侧向纠偏控制,讨论了横向振动控制在卷到卷制造中的工程应用。最后,展望卷到卷制造工程应用中基板横向振动研究的关键问题。     

齿轮-转子系统的振动特性分析

根据转子动力学和齿轮啮合的基本原理,建立了考虑陀螺力矩的齿轮转子系统的动力学模型,以此求得齿轮转子啮合刚度矩阵和阻尼矩阵。探讨了啮合刚度、支承刚度对系统固有频率以及系统稳定性的影响。结果表明齿轮的啮合刚度对弯曲振动以及弯扭耦合振动固有频率的影响不大,而当啮合刚度介于2×105~2×108之间时,对弯扭耦合振动的相对稳定性却有较大的影响;另增大支承刚度,固有频率相应提高;减小跨距可以提高系统的稳定性。分析结果对工程应用具有重要的意义。     

大机组电涡流传感器输出信号中的状态信息与提取方法

本文介绍了在检测大机组轴振动的电涡流传感器输出信号中所包含的机组状态信息成分及其意义，并提出了各种状态信息的提取和分析处理方法．通过在几套研制的在线状态监测系统中的实际应用，证明所提出的方法是具有工程实用意义和切实可行的。