稀土、锶复合添加对AM60镁合金组织和性能的影响

稀土、锶复合添加对AM60镁合金组织、力学性能和抗热裂性能的影响的研究结果表明,往AM60镁合金中添加稀土后,稀土与合金中的异质形核核心Al9Mn11相或Al(8Fe,Mn)5相反应生成Al-RE-Mn三元相,减少了合金熔体中异质形核核心的数目,从而引起了合金晶粒粗化。往AM60镁合金中复合添加稀土和锶后,锶能够消除稀土引起的晶粒粗化作用,减少晶粒粗化对合金力学性能和抗热裂性能的不利影响,从而提高合金的高温屈服强度,并消除稀土对合金抗热裂性能的恶化作用。     

Ca对AZ91D合金抗热裂性能的影响及其机制

利用金相、扫瞄电镜及热分析等研究了添加Ca对AZ91D合金抗热裂性能的影响及其机制,结果表明:随着Ca添加量增加(≤1.0?),抗热裂性能变差.其热裂机制为:添加钙,导致Al2Ca相在晶界析出并生长,同时促进离异共晶,降低了合金熔体的填充能力;含钙相在晶间呈网状分布,降低了晶间液膜的界面张力;从而导致合金抗热裂性能的下降.     

Ce对铸造Al—Cu合金凝固过程影响的研究

为了探索改善高强度铸造Al-Cu合金抗热裂性能的途径,采用液淬的方法,通过测量热平衡曲线、溶质浓度分布及金相显微分析等手段,研究了0．2％,Ce对Al-4．5Cu和高强度铸造Al-Cu－Mn-Ti合金的凝固过程的影响;研究结果表明,Ce的加入,改变了试验合金的凝固特性影响了合金的枝晶生长行为,其综合作用使合金组织明显细化和均匀化,且二次晶臂发达,对提高高强度铸造Al-Cu合金抗热裂性能具有积极作用。     

模具温度和浇注温度对AZ91D镁合金热裂和流动性能的影响

研究了模具温度和浇注温度对AZ91D镁合金热裂性能与流动性能的影响。结果表明,提高模具温度可以显著改善合金的抗热裂性能;当模具温度为368℃时,AZ91D合金在各种浇注温度下均不产生热裂;当模具温度较低(<268℃)时,浇注温度为688℃时,合金的抗热裂性最佳;随着模具温度提高,浇注温度对合金热裂性的影响逐渐减弱消失。浇注温度与模具温度对AZ91D镁合金的流动性能影响显著,两者的提高均能改善合金的流动性能。当模具温度较低(68℃)时,少量提高模具温度不能显著改善合金的流动性能;当浇注温度较高(718℃)时,进一步提升浇注温度,也不能明显改善合金的流动性能。为了获得较好的流动性能与抗热裂性能,应采用较高的模具温度(≥268℃)和适当的浇注温度(688～718℃)生产AZ91D镁合金产品。     

焊接690合金焊条的研制

介绍了焊接６９０合金焊接ＨＴ－１０５的化学成分，力学性能抗热裂性能和抗晶间腐蚀性能。     

制动盘用高碳当量灰铸铁的铌合金化

研究了微合金元素铌对剁车盘用亚共晶和过共晶两种高碳当量灰铸铁组织和性能的影响.结果表明,添加0.10%左右的Nb,可以细化高碳当量灰铸铁中片状石墨;材料的硬度、楔压强度随之提高,且抗热裂性明显提高.     

锶合金化在镁合金中的作用

锶加入镁合金中可以提高合金的铸造性能;少量的锶加入到镁合金中,能够细化镁合金的组织,提高镁合金的室温力学性能;锶对不同系列镁合金力学性能的影响不尽相同;锶合金化可以改善镁合金的高温力学性能以及蠕变性能.锶是提高镁合金耐蚀性的有效合金元素,含锶镁合金有望成为新型的轻质耐高温材料.     

Si，La对Al-4．5Cu合金准固态凝固行为的影响

通过对合金的收缩应变和热裂抗力及准固态拉伸行为进行测试，研究了合金元素(Si，La)对Al-4．5Cu合金凝固行为的影响。结果表明，Si，La能使Al-4．5Cu的热裂倾向性降低；加入2％Si使合金的再辉现象非常严重，导致合金不可能有很高的强度而很快断裂：与其它Al-4．5Cu-Si合金相比，Al4．5Cu3Si合金具有很强的补缩能力，断裂应力值最高：La的加入能缩小二次枝晶间距，明显提高合金的抗热裂性能。     

磷、硫复合对共晶Al-20%Si合金变质的研究

一、前言 过共晶铝硅合金具有热膨胀系数小,比重小以及耐磨性、流动性和抗热裂性好等优点。它必须经过变质处理,否则,显微组织中会生成板片状初生Si和粗针状共晶Si,使基体严重割裂,不仅降低合金的机械性能,也使合金的切削加工性能恶化。     

Study of a Novel DS Superalloy DZ142

研究了一种新型定向高温合金DZ142的微观组织,测定了DZ142合金持久性能、抗氧化性能、抗热腐蚀性能并与DZ125L合金进行比较。结果表明:热处理后的DZ142合金组织主要由γ、γ′、(γ+γ′)共晶和MC型碳化物组成;经长期时效处理,合金时效组织中未见有害的TCP相,碳化物类型仍为MC型。DZ142合金的持久性能,高温抗氧化性能和抗热腐蚀性能都优于DZ125L合金。     

Ca和Sr对AZ91D合金组织的细化作用

研究了Ca ,Sr对AZ91D合金晶粒细化的影响。试验结果表明 ,往AZ91D合金中添加少量的Ca[w(Ca) <1.0 %] ,虽然可以起到细化晶粒、提高屈服强度的作用 ,但是由于Al2 Ca相在晶界的偏聚 ,使得合金的基体脆化 ,导致了合金的抗拉强度和伸长率均下降。往AZ91D合金中添加少量的Sr[w(Sr) <0 .2 %] ,晶粒尺寸基本不发生变化。往AZ91D合金中复合添加Ca ,Sr ,不仅可以减小AZ91D合金的晶粒尺寸 ,而且还可以提高Mg合金的综合力学性能。     

Sr元素对Mg-Zn-Ca合金非晶形成能力和耐蚀性的影响

为改善Mg-Zn-Ca合金的非晶形成能力,采用铜模喷铸法制备了不同Sr含量的Mg-Zn-Ca-Sr合金,其直径为2和4mm棒材试样。利用XRD、SEM、DSC和电化学测试方法研究了Sr元素对Mg-Zn-Ca合金非晶形成能力和在模拟体液中耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,Mg_(65)Zn_(30)Ca_(5-x)Sr_x(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,原子分数%,下同)合金直径为2 mm棒材试样组织均为非晶态,而直径为4mm棒材试样均是由非晶和晶体相(Mg和MgZn相)组成,但晶体相的体积分数和尺寸随着Sr元素添加量的增加而减少,即合金的非晶形成能力提高,其中,Mg_(65)Zn_(30)Ca_4Sr_1合金非晶形成能力最强。电化学腐蚀测试结果表明,随着Sr含量增多,合金的腐蚀电位向正向移动,腐蚀电流密度减小,合金的耐蚀性逐渐增强,2 mm棒材试样中Mg_(65)Zn_(30)Ca_(4.5)Sr_(0.5)合金的耐蚀性最好,直径为4 mm棒材试样中Mg_(65)Zn_(30)Ca_4Sr_1合金的耐蚀性最强。     

Structure and properties of calcium and strontium treated Al–7Si–0.3Mg alloy: A comparison

The modification effect of Ca on the structure and properties of Al–7Si–0.3Mg alloy has been investigated and compared with the well-known modifier, Sr. The optimum level of Ca for achieving modification and best mechanical properties lies in the range of 0.0085–0.017%. Higher amount of Ca than this level leads to the formation of higher porosity and Al–Ca–Si intermetallics. Sr shows more porosity than Ca at 0.018% level in the alloy. The properties obtained with Ca modification are at par with those obtained with the well-known modifier, Sr.     

微量Sr、Sn对Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn合金力学和腐蚀性能的影响

目的研究Sr、Sn元素对快速凝固制备的Mg ZnCaMn合金室温力学性能和生物腐蚀性能的影响规律。方法采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、差热分析仪、万能力学实验机、静态浸泡、电化学测试等实验手段,分别研究添加Sr/Sn元素对MgZnCaMn合金结构、微观组织变化、热学性能、室温强度、塑性变形及体外降解行为的影响。结果添加Sr元素后,MgZnCaMn合金中的非晶相数量增加,尤其是Mg64.7Zn30Ca4Mn0.8Sr0.5合金浸泡析氢量显著降低,自腐蚀电流密度为1.61×10~(-4)A/cm~2,平均腐蚀速率为0.35 mm/a,抗压强度为621MPa,塑性压缩应变为0.8%。添加Sn元素后,MgZnCaMn合金中的非晶相近乎完全消失,合金组织中主要为雪花状的Mg2Sn相及MnZn13相,合金的析氢量无显著变化,其与Mg65.2Zn30Ca4Mn0.8合金的自腐蚀电流密度皆在10~(-4)数量级,其抗压强度为412 MPa,压缩塑性应变为1.6%。结论添加Sr元素可以提高MgZnCaMn合金的非晶形成能力,增加非晶相体积分数,同时提升了合金的强度和腐蚀性能。添加Sn元素则降低了MgZnCaMn合金的非晶形成能力,合金主要由延性相构成,其室温塑性得到明显改善,与初始合金相比,耐蚀性略有降低,但仍然优于常规的生物医用镁合金(如高纯镁、Mg-Zn-Ca等),具有较好的耐蚀性。     

Effect of ageing treatment on microstructures,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-RE-Zr alloy micro-alloyed with Ca and Sr

Effects of ageing treatment on the microstructures, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-xCa-ySr [x=0, 0.2 (wt.%), y=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 (wt.%)] alloys were investigated. Results showed that Ca or/and Sr additions promoted the precipitation hardening behavior of Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr alloy and shortened the time to reaching peak hardness from 13 h to 12 h. The maximum hardness of 77.1±0.6 HV for the peak-aged Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-0.2Ca-0.2Sr alloy was obtained. The microstructures of peak-aged alloys mainly consist of α-Mg phase, Mg₅₁Zn₂₀ phase and ternary T-phase. The Zn-Zr phase is formed within the α-Mg matrix, and the Mg₂Ca phase is formed near T-phase due to the enrichment of Ca in front of the solid-liquid interface. Furthermore, fine short rod-shaped β′₁ phase is precipitated within the α-Mg matrix in the peak-aged condition. The peak-aged Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-0.2Ca-0.2Sr alloy exhibits optimal mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength of 208 MPa, yield strength of 150 MPa and elongation of 3.5%, which is mainly attributed to precipitation strengthening. In addition, corrosion properties of experimental alloys in the 3.5wt.% NaCl solution were studied by the electrochemical tests, weight loss, hydrogen evolution measurement and corrosion morphology observation. The results suggest that peak-aged alloys show reduced corrosion rates compared with the as-cast alloys, and minor additions of Ca and/or Sr improve the corrosion resistance of the Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr alloy. The peak-aged Mg-4.2Zn-1.7RE-0.8Zr-0.2Ca-0.2Sr alloy possesses the best corrosion resistance, which is mainly due to the continuous and compact barrier wall constructed by the homogeneous and continuous second phases.

     

Comparison about effects of Sr,Zr and Ce additions on as cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–3·8Zn–2·2Ca (wt-%) magnesium alloy

Abstract

The effects of Sr, Zr and Ce additions on the as cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–3·8Zn–2·2Ca (wt-%) magnesium alloy are investigated and compared. The results indicate that adding 0·1 wt-%Sr, 0·6 wt-%Zr or 1·0 wt-%Ce can effectively refine the grains of the alloy, and the refinement efficiency of Zr addition is relatively high, followed by the additions of Ce and Sr respectively. In addition, adding 0·1 wt-%Sr, 0·6 wt-%Zr or 1·0 wt-%Ce can improve the tensile properties of the alloy, and the improvement of Zr addition is relatively high, followed by the additions of Ce and Sr respectively. However, the effects of adding 0·1 wt-%Sr, 0·6 wt-%Zr and 1·0 wt-%Ce on the creep properties of the alloy are different. Adding 0·1 wt-%Sr or 0·6 wt-%Zr result in a decrease of creep properties. Oppositely, a significant improvement of creep properties can be obtained by adding 1·0 wt-%Ce.     

添加Ca和Sr元素对ZK61镁合金组织与性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、Vickers硬度计及拉伸试验机等观察并研究了添加Ca和Sr元素及热处理工艺对ZK61镁合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:单独添加Ca元素时,在ZK61-xCa合金α-Mg基体上析出了形状不规则的MgZn和MgZn2相;复合添加Ca、Sr元素时,在α-Mg基体上形成了沿晶界分布的Mg17Sr2新相。当固溶温度和时间为350℃×12 h,时效温度和时间为200℃×12 h时,合金的组织与性能达到最优。当元素Ca=1.0%,Sr=0.5%时,热处理后合金的性能最优,其抗拉强度为141.9 MPa,伸长率为15.6%,维氏硬度为51.6 HV。     

Microstructure and creep properties of Mg-4Al-2Sn-1 （Ca,Sr） alloys

The effects of Ca and Sr addition on the microstructure and creep properties of Mg-4Al-2Sn alloys were examined.Tensile tests at 25℃ and 200℃ and creep tests at 150℃ and 200℃ were carried out to estimate the room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties of these alloys.The microstructure of the Mg-4Al-2Sn alloy showed dendriticα-Mg,Mg17Al12 and Mg2Sn phases.The latter two phases precipitated along the grain boundaries.The addition of Ca and Sr resulted in the formation of ternary CaMgSn and SrMgSn phases within the grain.The grain size was reduced slightly with the addition of Sr and Ca.The tensile strength was decreased by the addition of Ca and Sr at room temperature.However,the high temperature tensile strength was increased.The creep strength was improved by the addition of Ca and Sr.     

NiMnCo触媒合金热轧开裂分析

对NiMnCo触媒合金加工过程中存在的热轧开裂问题作了研究。结果表明 :NiMnCo合金的热轧开裂为晶间断裂 ,裂纹沿晶界扩展。造成合金热塑性降低的原因是溶质 (杂质 )原子在晶界的偏析以及第二相夹杂物的存在。通过原材料处理及强化合金熔炼工艺可消除热轧裂纹的产生。     

Sr和Sb变质AZ61-0.7Si合金的铸态组织和力学性能

Mg2Si相的变质和细化被认为是改善含Si镁合金力学性能的关键因素之一.研究了Sr和Sb变质AZ61-0.7Si镁合金的铸态组织和力学性能.研究结果表明:添加0.4%(质量分数)Sb对AZ61-0.7Si镁合金中的汉字状Mg2Si相有一定细化作用,但没有明显变质效果.相反,添加微量Sr对AZ61-0.7Si合金中的汉字状Mg2Si相有明显变质和细化作用.在AZ61-0.7Si合金中添加0.03%～0.09%Sr(质量分数)后,合金中的Mg2Si相从粗大汉字状形貌变为细小的颗粒状和/或多边形状.相应地,合金的抗拉性能和蠕变性能得到显著提高.