两种线程池的实现和性能评价

线程池被广泛地应用在中间件如Web应用服务器、事务监控器等的实现中.实现线程池的方法主要有半同步/半异步(Half-Sync/Half-Asyn)模式和领导者/跟随者(Leader/Follower)模式.实现了这两种线程池,从理论上分析了它们的性能,并进行了性能实验.实验数据表明Leader/Follower模式具有较高的性能优势.     

基于自适应优化的高性能网格服务容器

性能和稳定性是网格计算走向实用的关键,对于网格中间件的核心网格服务容器来说更显得尤为重要.但诸如资源竞争、不合理的系统并行度等因素制约了网格服务容器充分利用底层硬件资源,影响了服务容器的性能.这种现象在即将成为主流的多核计算平台上更为明显.通过对网格服务容器性能要素的分析,本文提出了一种根据当前系统软硬件使用情况,动态调整服务容器中包括并发线程数在内的各种性能参数,从而优化系统并行度、提高系统性能的自适应优化机制.我们在CROWN项目的网格服务容器CROWN Node Server中对该机制进行了具体实现.通过实验证明,自适应优化系统极大改善了原有系统的线程池管理模式.使服务容器的各种性能指标得到了一定的改善,并使容器可以充分利用底层的并行计算硬件资源,加强了系统的可伸缩性.     

Linux下通用线程池的改进与实现

对线程池的阻塞唤醒机制,动态调整,线程安全退出,参数处理,系统线程数限制等细节进行研究,保证了其在不同应用场景下的独立性和通用性;同时采用一种基于数组的链表机制来改进线程池的查找分配算法,将其时间复杂度稳定在O（1）,避免了传统线程池当线程数目过大时导致的查询分配性能下降的问题。实验结果表明,改进后的线程池与传统的系统线程分配方式相比在开销上有很大节省。     

StarCCM2.0中高性能线程池模型的研究与实现

线程池技术能够显著减少处理器的闲置时间、增加应用服务器的吞吐量、提高应用服务器的性能。文章从建立线程池的抽象队列模型入手,分析了StarBus3．0中线程池模型的局限性,提出了一种高效可适配的线程池模型应用于StarCCM2．0应用服务器中以派发构件请求。测试结果表明,这种线程池模型能够灵活地适应更大范围的突发请求数,极大地提高了应用服务器处理大量突发请求时的性能。     

扩展线程池模型及性能分析

随着Internet的广泛应用,负载数量迅速增长,如何在大负载情况下,保持高效的吞吐率是一个急需解决的问题,文中在分析传统线程池的基础上,提出一种新的线程池技术--扩展线程池技术,该技术能动态调整线程池规模,使得线程规模与客户请求相适应,理论分析表明:扩展线程池技术不仅能提高系统的吞吐量,而且能增加系统的可靠性,较好地改善线程池的服务质量.     

基于反射的中间件QoS动态配置框架

提出一种基于反射的中间件服务质量（QoS）动态配置框架,在动态感知环境变化的基础上,利用QoS度量函数以及爬山算法寻找最佳资源配置,并采用反射机制动态调整中间件系统参数,以满足用户服务需求,从而实现系统在线性能的优化。仿真实验结果表明,该框架是有效的。     

基于反馈的自适应线程池管理框架

提出一种基于反馈技术的自适应线程池调度管理框架（FFATPM）,FFAT,M以系统管理人员的先验性知识为基础,在运行过程中不断学习和提取新的知识,通过动态在线调整使得线程池规模保持在与应用需求和计算资源相适应的合理水平。测试表明,该框架不但可以有效地提高系统的计算资源利用率,而且有助于改善系统的服务质量。     

支持移动多媒体通信中间件的存储转发引擎的设计

存储转发引擎是支持移动多媒体通信中间件的数据传输系统的运转中枢。本文详细讨论了存储转发引擎的设计模式和策略选择，提出了一个基于Windows2000／NT操作系统的设计模型。引擎设计采用线程池与完成端口重叠I/O相结合，选择结构化的消息队列和基于优先权的队列调度机制，由管理线程池、接收线程池、分析线程池和发送线程池组成，其中详细介绍了接收线程池、发送线程池和分析线程池的工作流程。     

面向构件基于和欣内核的进程/线程池原理与实现*

介绍了和欣操作系统中进程池与线程池的原理与实现,其基本思想是：在计算机操作系统内核设置进程池/线程池管理构件,用于管理系统进程池/线程池中存放的构件化进程对象/线程对象,包括对进程/线程需要运行的环境进行配置与清理。将其应用于面向构件的编程环境中,能够在本地/远程快速地创建/退出进程/线程时有效地发挥作用,可以提高系统效率与网络安全性。     

基于模糊原理的中间件自适应优化

J2EE中间件系统得到了广泛的使用。为了提高服务性能,需要配置系统参数。传统的手工配置法费时费力,而且在负载变化的环境中不能自适应改变,造成了性能随时间越来越低下。为此,我们提出了基于模糊控制J2EE应用服务器自适应调优系统。系统实时监控性能数据,并基于模糊决策器,动态改变参数,优化性能。通过测试表明,该系统能减少响应时间,提高系统性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.