Finite element analysis of electromagnetic scattering from periodic cylindrical structures at oblique incidence

A hybrid technique which combines the finite element method (FEM) and an expansion of the field in terms of Floquet modes is presented for the analysis of the scattering from, and the transmission through, penetrable periodic cylindrical structures, at skew incidence. The method is very flexible and allows the analysis of practical cylindrical configurations with arbitrary cross-section and material properties.<>     

Finite element analysis of electromagnetic scattering frominhomogeneous cylinders at oblique incidence

The method of weighted residuals is used for the derivation of a convenient weak statement that is utilized for a finite-element solution of the boundary value problem for the time-harmonic electromagnetic scattering from linear, isotropic, composite cylinders at oblique incidence. The weighted-residual statement of the problem involves the z components of the electric and magnetic field and is such that the continuity of the tangential electric and magnetic fields at media interfaces is directly enforced. The finite-element solution is carried out using the bymoment method. Numerical results for echo widths and field distributions within cylinders of various shapes and compositions are presented. Comparisons of some of the results with those obtained from exact eigenfunction expansion and integral equation solutions demonstrate the validity of the method and the associated computer program     

高温黑体空腔发射率有限元分析

基于有限元热分析方法,建立了不同形状的黑体空腔传感器模型,并对其腔体发射率进行求解,同时讨论了腔体开口、腔长、腔口与接收面之间的距离、材料自身的发射率等参数对腔体发射率的影响,通过对各种形状黑体空腔的发射率比较,得出最佳的黑体空腔设计方案.仿真结果表明,改变影响腔体几何结构的各参数时,黑体空腔腔体发射率也随之变化,当黑...     

Boundary element method for electromagnetic scattering from cylinders

The computation of low frequency scattering of electromagnetic fields by solid/hollow dielectric or conducting cylinders using the boundary element method (BEM) is considered. A general computer program has been developed for both transverse electric and magnetic cases. Numerical examples are given for conducting circular cylinders, and solid and hollow dielectric cylinders. The computational accuracy is checked by comparing the results with the analytic solution or computing an error defined from the optical theorem. In addition some problems at an interior resonance of the scatterer are discussed. The method can be directly applied to more complicated geometries.     

Finite element analysis of electromagnetic interaction with uniform moving medium

A finite element vector formulation for studying the electromagnetic interaction with infinitely long cylinders of arbitrary cross-section moving along their axes is presented. The problem is solved in the laboratory reference frame by using the Minkowski transformed constitutive equation to take into account body motion. The formulation is verified by analysing simple structures for which an analytical solution is known     

FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING FROM PERFECTLY CONDUCTING CYLINDER

A numerical method of solving electromagnetic wave scattering problem is described.Radiation boundary condition(RBC)is applied to confine EM scattering problem in unboundedregion into problem in finite region.Combined with RBC and scatterer surface boundary condi-tion,Helmholtz equation in the finite region is solved numerically by the finite difference method.Thus the distribution of induced surface current on conducting cylinder and near field can beobtained.Computational results for both polarizations for circular,elliptic and square cylindersare presented.These results are in excellent agreement with those obtained by the eigenfunctionexpansion method or moment method and much better then the results of OSRC method.     

Analysis of electromagnetic scattering from a cavity with a complextermination by means of a hybrid ray-FDTD method

The electromagnetic modeling of engine cavities is a very difficult task because the electrical size of the cavity is very large, while the engine termination is geometrically complex. High-frequency techniques can adequately model the cavity, but perform poorly when applied to the termination. Low-frequency techniques are currently infeasible for such large geometries because of the large memory and computation time requirements. The authors present a hybrid method which combines the most attractive features of the lowand high-frequency techniques. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is applied to the small region surrounding the termination. The remainder of the cavity is modeled with ray methods. To validate this method, they consider two-dimensional cavities with complex terminations. Their results are compared against those found from a hybrid combination of the modal method and the method of moments     

外腔可调谐激光器的有限元分析及结构优化

为了降低环境温度变化对外腔可调谐激光器波长稳定性的影响,采用有限元分析方法得出了外腔可调谐激光器的温度场分布特点和热变形机理,提出了一种优化的光具座结构,并对优化结构的散热性能和热变形进行了理论分析和数值模拟。结果表明,该优化的光具座结构具有高效的传热性能,大幅降低了热变形对腔长的影响,从而提高了激光器的在不同工作环境温度下的波长稳定性。     

Parallel analysis of electromagnetic scattering from random rough surfaces

An efficient approach for simulation of random rough surface scattering is developed based on using a single integral equation formulation and a multilevel sparse-matrix canonical-grid method. Merits of the scheme are demonstrated using two wind-driven ocean surfaces, one which is very rough and the other large in size.     

Analyzing low-frequency electromagnetic scattering from a compositeobject

In this paper, we present a method for solving electromagnetic scattering from a composite object at low frequencies using the method of moments (MoM) and loop-tree basis. Many applications involve composite objects which consist of several homogeneous regions. The loop-tree basis used for analyzing scattering from a homogeneous body at low frequencies could not be directly applied to analyze the low-frequency scattering from a composite object. In general, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to find a set of loop-tree basis functions that is valid for the structures on both sides of the interfaces. In this paper, we treat a composite object as a limiting case of multibody problem so that we could setup the MoM equation using the loop-tree basis found on each single body. A process is then developed to eliminate the redundant unknowns. The proposed method makes it possible to analyze low-frequency scattering from an arbitrary composite object. The validity and applications are illustrated with representative numerical examples     

Finite element computation of electromagnetic fields [hyperthermiatreatment]

A three dimensional finite element solution scheme is developed for numerically computing electromagnetically induced power depositions. The solution method is applicable to those problems for which it can be reasonably assumed that the magnetic permeability is homogeneous. The method employs an incident field/scattered field approach where the incident field is precalculated and used as the forcing function for the computation of the scattered field. A physically logical condition is used for the numerical boundary conditions to overcome the fact that electromagnetic problems are generally unbounded (i.e., the boundary condition is applied at infinity) but numerical models must have a boundary condition applied to some finite location. At that numerical boundary, an outgoing spherical wave is simulated. Finally, an alternate to a direct solution scheme is described. This alternate method, a preconditioned conjugate gradient solver, provides both a storage and CPU time advantage over direct solution methods. For example, a one-thousand fold decrease in CPU time was achieved for simple test cases. Unlike most iterative methods, the preconditioned conjugate gradient technique used has the important property of guaranteed convergence. Solutions obtained from this finite element method are compared to analytic solutions demonstrating that the solution method is second-order accurate     

求解电大口径含腔目标电磁散射内问题的新途径

含腔目标,尤其是含电大尺寸口径面腔体目标的电磁散射是目标散射问题中极其重要和极具挑战的问题.现有的精确求解含腔目标散射问题的方法由于计算机内存的限制都不能很好地应用于电大尺寸口径面含腔目标的散射求解.对此,提出了用电场积分方程结合局部耦合原理求解含腔目标电磁散射的问题,即求解腔体口径面上的等效磁流.该方法在保证较高精度的同时打破了现有方法中计算机内存对腔体口径尺寸的制约.为提高求解效率,文中采用多层快速多极子方法加速内域电流的求解,同时用其扩展形式加速口径面近区场的计算.另外,高阶方法的采用进一步扩大了求解问题的规模.数值结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

CAVERN: a prediction code for cavity electromagnetic analysis

The authors describe an application of the fast Fourier Bessel transform to speed up their jet-engine scattering-analysis code, CAVERN. Because of the engine termination, it is typically necessary to break up the computational domain into that of the inlet and engine regions. In the inlet region, the fields are modeled using ray techniques, whereas the complex engine must be modeled using a different and more-rigorous formulation. A need then arises for interfacing the two computational domains, in a manner that maintains field continuity. Since the engine is always housed in a cylindrical or near-cylindrical inlet section, one way for interfacing the two computational regions is to represent the ray and engine fields using a cylindrical-modal expansion. The engine can then be characterized, via the modal-scattering matrix, in a manner independent of the excitation. Ray fields can be readily turned into modes, and vice versa, and continuity of the fields at the interface of the two regions is maintained, since both use the same modal representation. However, for inlets whose diameter spans 50λ or so, the task of transforming rays into modes and vice versa can become a bottleneck, because of the large number of propagating modes present in the cavity. Use of the fast Fourier Bessel transform can alleviate this difficulty, as described     

Highly storage-efficient hybrid finite element/boundary element method for electromagnetic scattering

By properly choosing boundary surfaces and meshes of the hybrid finite element/boundary element method, one can reduce storage requirements of the boundary element matrices to the order of M for M boundary nodes.<>     

Three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering from inhomogeneousobjects by the hybrid moment and finite element method

The hybrid moment and finite element methods are used to obtain 3-D scattering and/or absorption from inhomogeneous, arbitrarily shaped objects. The surface of the object is approximated by triangles and the volume of the object is approximated by tetrahedrons. The electrical parameters are assumed constant in each tetrahedron. The Galerkin testing procedure is used. To avoid contaminations of spurious mode, a divergenceless vector basis function is used in finite elements. The calculated internal field and scattered field for a homogeneous sphere, a layered sphere, and a lossy prolate spheroid are compared with Mie series solutions and other numerical techniques. The accuracy and rate of convergence of the solution are discussed     

一种圆抛物面天线的有限元分析

应用有限元分析软件ANSYS5．7对一种复合材料圆抛物面天线进行分析计算，确保设计的产品满足使用要求。     

Non-uniform wavelets in electromagnetic scattering analysis

Non-uniform wavelets are constructed to benefit from both adaptively refined grids for modelling edge singularities and compression of moment matrices with wavelet bases. They are applied to the analysis of electromagnetic scattering problems     

基于GPU的并行FDTD方法在二维粗糙面散射中的应用

利用显卡(Graphics Processing Unit, GPU)加速时域有限差分(Finite-Difference Time Domain, FDTD)法计算二维粗糙面的双站散射系数, 介绍了FDTD的理论公式以及计算模型.采用各向异性完全匹配层(Uniaxial Perfectly Matched Layer, UPML)截断FDTD计算区域.重点讨论了基于GPU的并行FDTD计算粗糙面双站散射系数的并行设计方案计算流程.在NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570显卡上获得了50.7×的加速比.结果表明:通过对FDTD计算粗糙面散射问题的加速, 极大地提高了计算效率.     

相控阵雷达天线的有限元分析

应用有限元分析软件MSC／NASTAN对某相控阵雷达天线进行分析计算,给出其静力及动力特性,确保设计的产品满足使用要求。     

Finite element analysis of axisymmetric radomes

A two-step technique for the analysis of axisymmetric radomes is presented. Initially, an axisymmetric finite-element approach is employed, together with an absorbing boundary condition for mesh truncation, to determine the near fields scattered by an empty radome illuminated by a distant source. Next, the reciprocity theorem is invoked to determine the far-field pattern of an antenna encased by the radome, by computing the interaction between the current distribution on the antenna and the near-field data determined in the first step. The details of the formulation are presented along with numerical results for two different arrays enclosed by radomes of varying permittivities