OFDM系统中两种新的子载波间干扰（ICI）消除方案分析

采用多载波渊制的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统是未来移动通信系统的一个倍受关注的候选方案，它能减轻多径衰落环境的影响，提供高速率的数据传输。在OFDM系统中，传输频带被分为若干个相互重叠的子信道，这些子信道是两两正交的。发送数据经过串并变换后在这些子信道上并行传输。由于子信道     

短距离内的高效、高速数据传输解决方案

“超宽带”(UWB,Ultra Wide Band)是一种可实现高效短距离高速数据传输的技术,其应用主要有无线USB和音频／视频流的传输。自从美国通信委员会(FCC)为UWB开放了从3．1～10．6GHz的工作频谱以来,已经出现了多个旨在实现高速短距通信系统的标准。在多频带OFDM联盟的一项建议中,是将分配的频谱划分成QPSK—OFDM调制子频带,每个子频带为528MHz。     

MIMO—OFDM系统信道估计中的最优导频设计

针对采用梳状导频的MIMO-OFDM系统信道估计问题,提出了一种新的最优导频设计方案,该方案的基本思想是不同发射天线中的导频位置相互正交,对应其他天线导频位置的子载波不被使用.对比传统的最优导频设计方法,所提方案有两个优点,一是它所需非传输信号的子载波数更少,用于传输信号的子载波增加,从而提高了系统频带的利用率.二是当OFDM频带两端设置保护频带时,系统存在一个极限保护频带宽度,在这个极限保护频带宽度范围内可以通过调整导频序列的初始位置来避免部分导频落入保护频带中,对比传统设计方法,此方案所允许的极限保护频带宽度更大.仿真实验验证了此设计方案的有效性.     

一种基于LDPC链路自适应技术的研究

为了设计信道纠错能力强、系统频带利用率高的无线链路自适应传输技术,文中研究了基于LDPC信道纠错码的自适应编码调制OFDM系统模型以及相应的传输方案,并设计了四区间自适应OFDM通信机制;提出了利用代价函数计算传输模式切换阈值的方法.仿真显示所设计的自适应OFDM系统具有良好的链路适应能力,可以得到优化的系统频带利用率和平均误码率性能.     

宽带OFDM自适应编码调制技术研究

设计了基于子载波组的宽带OFDM自适应Turbo乘积码编码调制传输系统,并提出了四调整区间自适应传输策略。同时,对自适应系统的频带利用率性能进行了仿真分析。     

MIMO-OFDM技术

多进多出(MIMO)系统在发射端和接收端分别设置多副发射天线和接收天线,采用MIMO技术可以提高信道容量和信道可靠性,降低误码率。正交频分复用(OFDM)是一种特殊的多载波传输方案,各子载波在整个符号周期上正交,各子载波信号频谱可以互相重叠,子载波正交复用技术大大减少了保护带宽,提高了频带利用率。MIMO-OFDM技术是OFDM与MIMO技术结合形成的一种新技术,该技术是在OFDM传输系统中采用阵列天线实现空间分集,提高了信号质量。MIMO-OFDM技术将成为下一代移动通信核心技术的解决方案。文中全面介绍了MIMO技术和OFDM技术及两者的结合,分析了实现MIMO-OFDM技术的关键,展望了发展前景。     

同频带OFDM+AM传输系统方案研究与仿真

提出了一种将基于OFDM的数字信号和AM信号在同频带内传输的方案。对OFDM信号的分离及载波同步技术进行了深入的分析,提出了解决策略,并对整个方案进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,此方案能够实现数字信号和AM信号在同一频带内传输而互不干扰。     

基于OFDM的短波电台改进方案设计

短波电台作为远距离传输的重要载体,有着非常重要的作用。然而传统短波电台受短波信道固有缺点的限制,传输速率较低,频带利用率也不高。正交频分复用(OFDM)技术的各子载波之间的正交性使得其频谱可重叠从而提高了频带利用率,同时能有效对抗频率选择性衰落。为了有效提高短波电台的性能,可以采用OFDM技术。分析了OFDM的基本原理,提出了基于OFDM的短波电台性能增强方案。     

多频带OFDM-UWB系统的仿真研究

多频带OFDM（正交频分复用）已作为支持高速、低功率和点对点无线通信UWB的重要解决方案。通过介绍多频带OFDM系统的原理，对多频带OFDM的UWB系统进行仿真研究。通过仿真得出多频带OFDM—UWB系统工作稳定，接收信号准确，并且能在短时间内减小功耗。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中自适应技术研究

针对MIMO—OFDM系统的自适应调制技术进行分析,利用奇异值分解把MIMO—OFDM信道转化成一系列并行的子信道,然后将这些子信道按照信道增益从大到小的顺序排列。通过研究排序后信道增益的统计特性,提出了一种低复杂度的自适应传输方法来优化系统的发射功率。该方法通过固定排序后的子信道的功率和比特分配方案大大降低了复杂度。     

Precoded Transmit Path Diversity in FS-OFDM on UWB Channels

In impulse-radio or DS/SS UWB communications, a prerake scheme has been proposed to achieve path diversity while reducing computational complexity in a mobile terminal. On the other hand, in an OFDM system, fractional sampling (FS) has been proposed to achieve path diversity with a single antenna. However, in the FS-OFDM system, it is necessary to oversample a received signal that leads to larger power consumption in the terminal side. In this paper, a precoded transmit path diversity scheme in an OFDM system has been proposed. The proposed scheme can achieve path diversity without oversampling the received signal.     

一种基于串行干扰抵消的OFDM UWB多址方案

研究了高峰值传输速率时UWB系统的多址性能,对一种干扰抑制的OFDM传输方案进行了调整,提出了一种基于串行干扰抵消的两用户OFDM UWB多址方案.仿真结果显示所提出的方案可适度改善无纠错编码的OFDM UWB系统的误符号性能.     

基于OFDM-MSFH系统的全部载波接入方法的研究

本文根据MB-OFDM-UWB系统的特点,提出了将OFDM技术和MSFH(多级跳频)技术结合的全部载波多址接入方案.该多址方案有二级构成,其中前一级使用OFDM,设计时参考了Multi-band OFDM Physical Proposal for IEEE 802.15 TaskGroup3a中的物理层建议,后一级采用跳频模块,并将基于余数域的多级跳频图案应用到该多址方案中,不仅大大减小了多用户碰撞的概率,而且有利于超宽带信号的生成.理论分析和仿真结果表明,基于OFDM和多级跳频结构的全部载波多址接入方案在系统容量、误比特率性能、抗干扰等方面具有诸多的优势.在8用户情况下,当系统误比特率为10~(-2)时,基于该结构的全载波方案比TH-PPM多址方案改善信噪比5dB左右.     

基于最大自相关及最小能量比的MB-OFDM-UWB系统定时算法

该文针对IEEE 802.15.3a提案及ECMA-368标准采用的多频带OFDM超宽带系统,通过算法改进和仿真给出了适用于该系统的定时同步的完整方案。用基于前导序列第1频带信息的最大自相关法进行帧检测及粗定时,用基于全部3个频带信息的最小能量比值法进行细定时。对定时位置两次进行修正,保证了算法的性能。仿真表明该定时同步方案可以把残余定时偏差控制在较小的范围内,从而可以被频域信道估计及均衡吸收,同时该方案具有较低的复杂度。     

An Adaptive Timing Synchronization Scheme for Multi-Band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Based Ultra-Wideband Communication Systems

This article deals with a new energy based adaptive timing synchronization scheme (ATS) which estimates the symbol timing information within two (2) OFDM symbols and updates the information with different frequency bands (adaptive in sense) in a multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) based system. The new approach provides significant improvement in system performance for high delay spread ultra-wideband (UWB) channel model (CM) environments where fast and low-complexity timing synchronization is a critical issue. This paper also addresses a crucial aspect of UWB channel which is frequency dependent delay characteristics. This effect contributes to different dispersion and timing shift of an UWB signal for different frequency bands. In this work, the wideband channel delay characteristics are studied and delay parameters are found considerably different over frequency bands 3.1–4.6 GHz. Based on this observation, the ATS which estimates and maintains the timing delays of each band separately is presented. The performance of ATS algorithm is measured by mean-squared error (MSE), synchronization probability, signal to interference ratio (SIR) reduction due to synchronization errors and bit error rate (BER) through the computer simulation for several UWB CM environments CM2–CM4. Each of these UWB CMs is simulated for 100,000 noisy channel realizations for both coded and uncoded MB-OFDM system. It is shown that ATS gives signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of 1.1 dB at BER of 1 × 10⁻³, 1.2 dB at BER of 2 × 10⁻⁴, and 0.7 dB at BER of 2 × 10⁻⁴ for CM4, CM3, and CM2 respectively for coded MB-OFDM system over a non-adaptive synchronization scheme [Yak et al., Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC, Berlin, Germany, vol 1, pp 471–475, September 11–14, 2005].     

A Technique for Frequency Synchronization in Multi-Band OFDM in Realistic UWB Channel

This paper presents a highly accurate frequency offset estimation algorithm for multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) systems effective for realistic ultra-wideband (UWB) environment. The proposed algorithm derives its estimates based on phase differences in the received subcarrier signals of several successive OFDM symbols in the preamble. We consider different carrier frequency offsets and different channel responses in different bands to keep the analysis and simulation compatible for practical multi-band UWB scenario. Performance of the proposed algorithm is studied by means of bit error rate (BER) performance of MB-OFDM system. In order to compare the variance of the synchronizer to that of the theoretical optimum, we derive the Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the estimation error variance and compare it with the simulated error variance both in additive white Gaussian noise and UWB channel model (CM) environments, CM1–CM4. Next, we modify the estimation algorithm by proposing a multi-band averaging frequency offset synchronization (MBAFS) scheme. We establish superior BER performance with MBAFS compared to our first scheme. We calculate modified CRLB for MBAFS and compare it with simulation results for CM1–CM4. Both analysis and simulation show that MBAFS algorithm can estimate the carrier frequency offset effectively and precisely in UWB fading channels for MB-OFDM applications. We also analyze the computational complexity of both the proposed algorithms in order to verify their feasibility of implementation in practical UWB receiver design.     

P N IFFT FOR OFDM-BASED UWB SYSTEM

In this letter, P × N-point IFFT is proposed to replace the N-point IFFT and analog frequency conversion in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based Ultra-WideBand (UWB) system, and a new algorithm, named fast P × N-point IFFT, is designed to reduce the complexity of the P × N-point IFFT in the proposed scheme.     

An Analysis of Interference Mitigation Capability of Low Duty-Cycle UWB Communications in the Presence of Wideband OFDM System

Low duty-cycle (LDC) algorithm is interference mitigation technique, which can reduce the average interference to the existing radio systems by lowering pulse repetition interval or pulse occupation time. In this paper, the coexistence environment between low data rate ultra wideband (UWB) communication system such as wireless sensor network and the existing wideband system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) such as 4th generation mobile cellular system (4G), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), and field pickup unit (FPU) is considered. In order to analyze the interference mitigation capability of LDC algorithm with impulse based UWB (LDC-UWB) system, the frame error rate (FER) of wideband OFDM system is examined for two types of LDC-UWB system: the signal with random polarity such as binary pole signals and without random polarity such as mono pole signals. We present that LDC algorithm is an efficient interference mitigation technique for low data rate UWB communication via computer simulations regardless of definitions of transmitted energy of UWB communication system, and also that the signal with random polarity is suitable for LDC-UWB system to mitigate interference to the other radio systems. We further investigate the adequate duty-cycle of LDC-UWB system for each definition of transmitted power of UWB communication.     

MIMO技术在超宽带通信中的应用

多带UWB通信技术是目前超宽带通信技术中较为热的研究领域,本文引入了一种基于干扰抑制OFDM系统的UWB系统[4],在此基础至上和MIMO技术结合起来,引入一种实际可行的自适应调制算法,算法通过建立各子信道的能量增量表,来实现信息比特和功率的最优分配[1].通过仿真试验可以发现,这种MIMO系统的结合可以改善系统的BER.     

Multiband-OFDM MIMO coding framework for UWB communication systems

The emerging ultrawideband (UWB) system offers a great potential for the design of high speed short-range wireless communications. In order to satisfy the growing demand for higher data rates, one possible solution is to exploit both spatial and multipath diversities via the use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and proper coding techniques. In this paper, we propose a general framework to analyze the performance of multiband UWB-MIMO systems regardless of specific coding schemes. A combination of space-time-frequency (STF) coding and hopping multiband OFDM modulation is also proposed to fully exploit all of the available spatial and frequency diversities, richly inherent in UWB environments. We quantify the performance merits of the proposed scheme in case of Nakagami-m frequency-selective fading channels. Different from the conventional STF coded MIMO-OFDM system, the performance of the STF coded hopping multiband UWB does not depend on the temporal correlation of the propagation channel. We show that the maximum achievable diversity of multiband UWB-MIMO system is the product of the number of transmit and receive antennas, the number of multipath components, and the number of jointly encoded OFDM symbols. Interestingly, the diversity gain does not severely depend on the fading parameter m, and the diversity advantage obtained under Nakagami fading with arbitrary m parameter is almost the same as that obtained in Rayleigh fading channels. Finally, simulation results are presented to support the theoretical analysis.