专利信息

一种耐热炭材料粘结剂及其使用方法一种耐热炭材料粘结剂及其使用方法，粘结剂各组份重量份数比为甲基酚醛树脂∶碳化硼（B4C）=100∶（50～150），按上述比例将甲基酚醛树脂和改性陶瓷粉末混合均匀，即可制成高温粘结剂，用该粘结剂粘接的石墨材料，热处理工艺简单，接头部位具有较高的耐热性能和粘接强度，本发明具有原料廉价易得，配制方便，工艺简单的优点。烧制物质的方法本发明提供了一种烧制方法，这种烧制方法可抑制工件变形或翘曲，并且改进了操作效率。烧制工件时使用由陶瓷材料和粘合剂组份制成的陶瓷坯片，该坯片铺在具有装料…     

温湿耦合老化对改性硅烷密封胶与PC粘接性能的影响

利用环境模拟试验箱、万能拉伸试验机、红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪和光学显微镜等设备，研究了温湿耦合老化（70℃/100%RH）环境对改性硅烷密封胶与轨道车辆车窗&灯罩用聚碳酸酯（PC）粘接性能的影响。研究结果表明：温湿耦合老化后改性硅烷密封胶与灯罩用PC之间的粘接性下降明显，胶条剥离破坏形式从95%以上内聚破坏变为95%以上界面黏附破坏，拉剪强度降低93%以上，而车窗用试样老化后性能降低幅度较灯罩用试样小。温湿耦合老化后，灯罩用PC底涂与UV涂层之间存在起泡现象，这是灯罩用PC粘接性能降低的主要诱因。此外，高温加速了PC中酯类结构的水解，也可能是粘接性能降低的原因之一。     

氧化铝陶瓷与不锈钢钎焊的接头强度与热震抗力

研究了钎焊温度对氧化铝陶瓷与１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢接头强度的影响，探讨了钎焊接头的热震抗力。结果表明，由于陶瓷／钎料界面反应和界面残余应力的综合影响，随着钎焊温度的增加，接头强度先增加然后逐渐降低，８５０℃钎焊时接头强度最高。在低于６００℃温度范围内加热后空冷或加热空冷循环热震时对钎焊接头强度损伤较小，而淬水热震，特别是在３００℃以上温度时对接头强度损伤较大，严重者出现开裂现象，这主要是界面附近存在较高的残余热应力的缘故。     

B_4C改性酚醛树脂对石墨材料高温粘接性能的影响

以酚醛树脂 (PF)为粘接剂的主体 ,添加B4C制备出高温粘接剂 ,并对石墨材料进行粘接试验 ,测试了不同温度热处理后粘接试样的常温剪切强度。结果表明 ,该高温粘接剂经 1 50 0℃处理后仍具有较高的粘接强度。利用扫描电镜 (SEM)观察了粘接试样的断面形貌 ,并探讨了粘接剂的组成及结构与粘接强度间的相关性     

B4C改性酚醛树脂对石墨材料高温粘接性能的影响

以酚醛树脂(PF)为粘接剂的主体,添加B4C制备出高温粘接剂,并对石墨材料进行粘接试验,测试了不同温度热处理后粘接试样的常温剪切强度.结果表明,该高温粘接剂经1500℃处理后仍具有较高的粘接强度.利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了粘接试样的断面形貌,并探讨了粘接剂的组成及结构与粘接强度间的相关性.     

基于含硼聚硅氮烷的耐高温胶粘剂制备及其性能研究

在分析了含硼聚硅氮烷(PSNB)陶瓷前驱体的固化行为、热解过程及热解产物结构变化的基础上,以PSNB为基体树脂,Ti B2、Si C和B4C为填料制备了低温固化的可陶瓷化耐高温胶粘剂,测试了胶粘剂用于石墨材料粘接时不同温度的粘接性能。结果表明,胶粘剂在800℃时粘接强度最高,达到12.5 MPa,随着测试温度上升,粘接强度降低,但在1 500℃时粘接强度仍达到3 MPa以上。利用扫描电镜结合XRD图谱分析表明,当前驱体热解产物处于无定型状态时,粘接层能保持完整的结构,对应的胶粘剂具有高的粘接强度;当前驱体热解产物产生部分析晶时会破坏粘接剂结构的完整性,从而降低胶粘剂的粘接性能。     

硅树脂高温转化陶瓷结合层连接陶瓷材料

由硅树脂作为先驱体,在高温(800～1400℃)转化陶瓷结合层对石墨、SiC陶瓷及3D(dimension)-Cf(carbon fiber)／SiC复合材料进行了连接实验,着重探讨了硅树脂固化裂解过程、裂解温度、保温时问及升温速率对连接性能的影响。研究表明;硅树脂的交联固化主要是通过消耗Si-OH来完成。对于石墨、SiC的连接,1200℃是较佳的处理温度,而对于Cf／SiC则最佳的处理温度为1400℃。随着保温时间由1h延长到5h,SiC陶瓷连接强度得到提高,但对复合材料的连接不利。低升温速率(2℃／min)时的连接强度比10℃/min时的高很多。     

激光表面处理提高铝合金胶接接头强度的研究

粘接作为重要的汽车轻量化连接技术之一,胶接接头的强度和性能是我们关注的重点,胶接接头的强度和性能完全取决于胶粘剂接触的表面类型,因此在粘接之前对基材表面进行一定处理是粘接工艺中最重要的环节之一。金属的表面处理包括溶剂擦拭、机械打磨、化学清洗和酸蚀。激光表面处理是一种新型绿色环保的表面处理工艺,它可以高速有效的清洁材料表面附着物,并且改变材料表面微观结构及材料表面自由能及浸润性。从而提高粘接接头十字拉伸强度、单搭接拉伸剪切强度和接头耐水性能。通过激光处理,所有接头的破坏形式由界面破坏转为内聚破坏。对铝合金环氧结构胶2098G胶接接头而言,十字拉伸强度、剪切强度和水浴剪切强度,激光处理后比溶剂擦拭分别提高了17.8%,133.8%,88.1%。对铝合金聚氨酯结构胶TS6015胶接接头而言,十字拉伸强度、剪切强度和水浴剪切强度,激光处理后比溶剂擦拭分别提高了698%,225%,223%。激光表面处理有效的使铝合金胶接接头的强度达到胶的本体强度的94%~100%,是铝合金粘接的有效表面处理方法。     

高温热处理对PI基炭薄膜的影响

研究了在氩气气氛的保护下,PI（聚酰亚胺）基炭薄膜在高温热处理过程中结构转变的过程和试样的若干性能与热处理温度的关系。用激光拉曼光谱和X—射线衍射技术对其样品的结构参数给予了表征。实验表明,在1700℃以前样品纵、横方向处于收缩状态,1700℃至3160℃（终温）则处于伸长状态;而重量变化却在2100℃以前处于减小状态,2100℃以后呈增重状态;电导率由1．03×102S／cm（1000℃）增加到2．1×104S／cm（3160℃）。随着热处理温度的提高．样品表面结构的有序度增加,终温样品十分接近石墨晶体;样品结构参数d002值逐渐减小,Lc值却一直处于增加状态。     

氧化铝陶瓷与不锈钢钎焊的接头强度与抗震抗力

研究了钎焊温度对氧化铝陶瓷与１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢接头强度的影响，探讨了钎焊接头的热震抗力。结果表明，由于陶瓷／钎料界面反应和界面残余应力的综合影响，随着钎焊温度的增加，接头强度先增加然后逐渐孤低，８５０℃钎焊时接头强度最高。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。